梯形导向浮阀塔板的流体力学模型

梯形导向浮阀塔板具有良好的流体力学和传质性能。本文探讨了该塔板的流体力学模型，得出梯形导向浮阀塔板的阀孔临界气速，塔板压降，雾沫夹带和泄漏点孔速的关联式，可代价 梯形导向浮阀塔板设计之用。     

导向梯形喷射填料式塔板的流体力学与传质性能研究

结合导向孔、填料和立体塔板的优点,设计了一种导向梯形喷射填料式塔板（FTS-PT）,在直径为500 mm的有机玻璃塔内采用空气-水-氧气物系进行冷模实验,分别测定了4种梯形角度实验塔板的流体力学性能（包括干、湿板压降,清液层高度,漏液,雾沫夹带）和传质效率。根据实验数据拟合得到FTS-PT塔板的干、湿板压降关联式。与新型垂直筛板和F1浮阀塔板相比,FTS-PT塔板压降较低。综合比较4种角度的导向梯形喷射填料式塔板的流体力学性能和传质效率,结果表明当梯形帽罩倾斜角度为8°时,塔板综合性能最好。     

新型导向圆盘形浮阀塔板的流体力学性能

在内径为Φ600mm,板间距为350mm的有机玻璃塔内,以空气-水为物系,对新型导向圆盘形浮阀塔板进行冷膜实验。对3种不同开孔率的该种塔板进行流体力学性能测试,测定了不同气速和液流强度下的板压降、雾沫夹带、漏液等流体力学参数,回归得到了新型导向圆盘形浮阀塔板的干板压降和湿板压降的计算公式。实验结果表明,筛孔气速在3~11m/s的范围内,新型导向圆盘形浮阀塔板的干板压降和湿板压降都要低于F1型浮阀塔板。雾沫夹带随筛孔气速和液流强度的增大而增大,新型导向圆盘形浮阀塔板的雾沫夹带与F1型浮阀接近,空塔气速操作上限都在2.0m/s左右。漏液随着气速的增大而减小,随着液流强度的增大而增大,新型导向圆盘形浮阀塔板的漏液要明显低于F1型浮阀塔板,空塔气速操作下限在0.53m/s左右,而F1浮阀的空塔气速操作下限在2.相似文献   

新型导向筛板-浮阀复合塔板的流体力学性能研究

在内径为 Φ600 mm 的有机玻璃塔内,以空气-水为物系,对一种新型复合塔板——导向筛板-浮阀复合塔板进行了冷膜实验,对开孔率基本相近、浮阀个数不同的复合塔板的流体力学性能进行了测试,测定了不同条件下塔板压降、雾沫夹带、漏液等流体力学参数,研究了在开孔率相近的情况下,浮阀个数不同对复合塔板性能的影响。根据实验结果,回归得到了导向筛板-浮阀塔板的干板压降的计算公式 ΔP_d = au₀² + b 和湿板压降的计算公式 ΔP_T = aF₀^bL_W^c,并分析了雾沫夹带和漏液量随筛孔气速和液流强度的变化关系,获得了新型导向筛板-浮阀塔板的设计参数和依据。     

NS导向提馏塔板的流体力学性能

介绍了新开发成功的提馏专用塔板－－NS导向提馏塔板。该塔板是在充分考虑提馏段的具体要求，吸取各种导向精馏塔板的优点，如BVT蝶形浮阀，导向浮阀，梯形导向浮阀，V形栅板，导向筛板，NVT减压塔板等，同时在借鉴最新塔板基础研究理论的基础上开发出来的。冷模实验结果表明，在提馏段（汽段）的操作状况下，NS导向提馏塔板与提馏段常用开孔率的F1型浮阀塔板相比，塔板压降降低约13％－50％，泄漏基本没有，雾沫夹带可忽略不计。     

组合式角钢塔板的性能研究

在５００ｍｍ×３００ｍｍ的矩形有机玻璃实验塔中，用水－空气体系对组合式角钢塔板的流体力学性能及传质性能进行实验研究，并以筛孔塔板作对比实验。结果表明组合式角钢塔板是一种结构简单，压降低，压降低，操作弹性宽，处理能力大和板效率较高的新型塔板。     

三相蒸馏喷射工况下压降的研究

本文以空气－水－石蜡油为介质，在６００×１５０ｍｍ２矩形冷模型塔内进行了气－液－液三相蒸馏导向筛板喷射工况下板压降的研究。着重研究了物系性质、气液负荷、油分率以及板结构对喷射工况下板压降的影响，提出了喷射工况下板压降的计算关联式。     

一种高性能BVT浮阀塔板的研制

在开发ＨＴＶ船型浮阀塔板的基础上，研制了一种新型物ＢＶＴ浮阀塔板。介绍了该塔板的结构特点，在实验室内进行限冷模流体力学试验，在胜华炼油厂催化分馏塔上进行了工业放大试验。试验研究表明，ＢＶＴ塔板具有压降和清液层高度低以及液面梯度和泄漏量小等特点。工业应用显示，ＢＶＴ塔板具有处理能力高，分割效果坟降低等特点。ＢＶＴ浮阀塔板作为ＨＴＶ浮阀塔板的一种发展改型，其性能优越，传南性能尤 为明显，是一种很有推广     

共轭环填料萃取塔的流体力学性能研究

在内径为１２０ｍｍ的共轭环填料萃取塔中，采用正丁醇－水－丁二酸作为实验体系，对其流体力学特性进行了研究。结果表明，在萃取过程中共轭环填料具有良好的流体力学性能。     

复合喷射塔板的流体力学性能及传质性能的测定

设计了一种具有低压降、大通量及高传质效率的复合喷射塔板,以空气和富氧水为介质,在直径500 mm的圆筒型玻璃钢实验装置中对复合喷射塔板的流体力学性能及传质性能进行测定,研究了复合喷射塔板的干、湿板压降,雾沫夹带,漏液率,清液层高度等流体力学性能随底隙上方条缝高度的变化规律,并对干、湿板压降数据进行线性回归分析。结果表明该复合喷射塔板的干、湿板压降与F1浮阀塔板相比明显降低,且塔板清液层高度随底隙上方开缝高度的增加而降低,雾沫夹带率和漏液率随开缝高度的增加而增大;在底隙上方开缝能够提升立体塔板的传质效果,且传质效果比F1浮阀塔板高出5%以上。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-