Bio-rational design of photosystem Ⅱ inhibitors (Ⅰ)──Molecular modeling of cyanoacrylates and ureas in photosystem Ⅱ D1 protein of Pisum sativum

Molecular modeling of cyanoacrylates and ureas with D1 protein of Pisum sativum have been presented. Studies show that these two kinds of inhibitors occupy the similar region in the D1 protein. Cyanoacrylates have more binding sites than ureas, thus they have higher activities.     

The presence of phosphorylation form of D1 protein in its cross-linked aggregates in high light treated spinach leaves in vivo

Photosystem Ⅱ (PS Ⅱ ) is a pigment-protein com-plex that catalyses the primary photochemistry leading to oxygen evolution and electron flow in oxygenic phototrophs. The reaction center of PSⅡ is composed of the D1 and D2 proteins to which all the redox…     

Relationships between D1 protein, xanthophyll cycle and photodamage-resistant capacity in rice (Orysa sativa L.)

Relationships between D1 protein, xanthophyll cycle and subspecific difference of photodamage-resistant capacity have been studied inO. japonica rice varieties 02428 and 029 (photoinhibition-tolerance) andO. indica rice varieties 3037 and Palghar (photoinhibition-sensitivity) and their reciprocal cross F₁ hybrids after photoinhibitory treatment. It was shown that PS II photochemical efficiency (F _v /F _m) decreased, and xanthophyll cycle from violaxanthin (V), via anaxanthin (A), to zeaxanthin (Z) was enhanced and non-photochemical quenching (qN) increased accordingly in SM-pretreated leaves of rice when the synthesis of D1 protein was inhibited, and that there was a decrease inqN and, as a result, more loss of D1 protein and a big decrease inF _v/F _m in DTT-pretreated leaves when xanthophyll cycle was inhibited.O. japonica subspecies had a higher maintaining capacity of D1 protein and a decrease ofF _v/F _m in a more narrow range, and exhibited more resistance against photodamage, as compared withO. indica subspecies. The above physiological indexes in reciprocal cross F₁ hybrids, though between the values of their parents, were closer to maternal lines than to paternal lines. Experimental results support the concept that the turnover capacity for D1 protein is an important physiological basis of photoinhibition-tolerance, and will provide the physiological basis for selection of the photoinhibition-tolerant parents and develop a new approach to breed hybrids with high photosynthetic efficiency.     

磺草灵及其磺酰脲类化合物的合成

由苯磺酰基异氰酸酯与4—氨基苯磺酰氨基甲酸酯反应,制得了具有两个除草活性基团的新化合物。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.     

Analysis of the ligand-binding domain of macrophage colony-stimulating receptor

RNAs have been extracted from human placenta. Extracellular regions of M-CSFR, D1-3, D2-3 and D3 motifs have been amplified with RT-PCR. The proteins have been expressed inE.Coli. Enzyme-linked immusorbent assay (EIA) shows that recombinant D1-3 possesses binding ability 3 times that of D2-3.Kd, the dissociation constant of the former is 11 nmol/L, and that of latter is 39 nmol/L. D3 lacks binding ability. These data suggest that D2-3 is the main site for M-CSF binding, D1 is an assistant site and also contributes to the conformation of site for ligand binding.     

肺泡上皮细胞在高氧急性肺损伤中的作用研究

目的:观察新生小鼠肺组织甲状腺转录因子[TTF-1]及肺表面活性物质蛋白B[SP-B]的表达,探讨高氧急性肺损伤[HALI]可能存在的损伤机制.方法:新生1d的C57BL/6小鼠30只,随机分为:高氧暴露组及空气对照组,每组15只.高浓度氧暴露72h建立ALI小鼠模型,各组于24,48及72h随机取5只小鼠肺组织标本,测定肺湿/干重(W/D)比值、观察肺组织形态学变化并进行病理评分及肺泡计数(RAC),荧光定量PCR法及免疫荧光标记法检测各组各实验点TTF-1,SP-BmRNA及蛋白的表达情况.结果:与空气对照组比较,高氧暴露48h时,肺组织出现肺泡间质细胞数量增多及肺水肿等HALI的表现;W/D比值及病理评分显著升高(P0.05);RAC显著减少(P0.05).高氧暴露72h时,TTF-1,SP-B mRNA及蛋白表达较空气对照组下调(P0.05).结论:高浓度氧暴露能导致ALI,肺泡上皮细胞的损伤在HALI发生进程中可能发挥重要作用.     

An <Emphasis Type="Italic">Arabidopsis ctpA</Emphasis> homologue is involved in the repair of photosystem II under high light

A T-DNA insertion mutant AtctpA1 was identified to study the physiological roles of a carboxyl-terminal processing protease （CtpA） homologue in Arabidopsis. Under normal growth conditions, disruption of AtctpA1 did not result in any apparent alterations in growth rate and thylakoid membrane protein components. However the mutant plants exhibited increased sensitivity to high irradiance. Degradation of PSII reaction center protein D1 was accelerated in the mutant during photoinhibition. These results demostrated that AtctpA1 was required for efficient repair of PSII in Arabidopsis under high irradiance.     

Construction of DNA damage response gene pprI functiondeficient and function-complementary mutants in Deinococcus radiodurans

PprI, a DNA damage response factor from the extraordinary radioresistant bacterium Deinococcus radiodurans, plays a central regulatory role in multiple DNA damage repair. In this study, a fusion DNA fragment carrying kanamycin resistance gene with the D. radiodurans groEL promoter was cloned by PCR amplification and reversely inserted into the pprl locus in the genome of the wild-type strain R1. The resultingpprl-deficient strain, designated YR1,was very sensitive to ionizing radiation. Meanwhile, the recombinant DNA fragment was cloned into the shuttle vector pRADZ3, and resulted in plasmid pRADK with kanamycin resistance in D. radiodurans. The fragments containing complete pprl gene and 3‘-terminal deletion pprIΔ were cloned into plasmid pRADK. The resulted plasmids designated pRADKpprI and pRADKpprIΔ were then transformed to YR1. Results show that YR1 carrying pRADKpprI was able to fully restore the extreme radioresistance to the same level as the wild-type D. raiodurans R1, whereas YR1 pRADKpprIΔ failed to do so. Construction of DNA repair switch PprI function-deficient and function-complementary mutants in D. radiodurans is not only useful to elucidating the relationship between domains and functions of PprI protein, but also opens the door to the further studies of the biological functions of PprI protein in vivo.     

N-{5-[1-(邻氯苯氧)乙基]-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基}-N''''-取代苯基脲的合成及生物活性

通过2-氨基-5-[1-(邻氯苯氧)乙基]-1,3,4-噻二唑与酰基叠氮化物反应,合成了8个新的N-{5-[1-(邻氯苯氧)乙基]-1,3,4-噻二唑-2-基}-N'-取代苯基脲,采用红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱和元素分析确证了它们的结构.初步的生物活性测定试验表明,部分目标化合物具有良好的植物生长调节活性.     

Engineering <Emphasis Type="Italic">Deinococcus radiodurans</Emphasis> into biosensor to monitor radioactivity and genotoxicity in environment

Based on a genetically modified radioresistant bacteria Deinococcus radiodurans, we constructed a real time whole cell biosensor to monitor radioactivity and genotoxicity in highly radioactive environment. The enhanced green fluorescence protein （eGFP） was fused to the promoter of the crucial DNA damage-inducible recA gene from D. radiodurans, and the consequent DNA fragment （PrecA-egfp） carried by plasmid was introduced into D. radiodurans R1 strain to obtain the biosensor strain DRG300. This engineered strain can express eGFP protein and generate fluorescence in induction of the recA gene promoter. Based on the correlation between fluorescence intensity and protein expression level in live D. radiodurans cells, we discovered that the fluorescence induction of strain DRG300 responds in a remarkable dose-dependent manner when treated with DNA damage sources such as gamma radiation and mitomycin C. It is encouraging to find the widely detective range and high sensitivity of this reconstructed strain comparing with other whole cell biosensors in former reports. These results suggest that the strain DRG300 is a potential whole cell biosensor to construct a detective system to monitor the biological hazards of radioactive and toxic pollutants in environment in real time.     

Specific degradation of photosystem II D1 protein by a protease （Air3815） in heterocysts of the cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC7120

Some filamentous cyanobacteria form heterocysts under conditions lacking combined nitrogen for nitrogen fixation.Photosystem II is removed from heterocyst during the process of cell differentiation.Here,we demonstrate that Alr3815 is a protease that is capable of degrading D1 protein of photosystem II.Strain-322,which lacks alr3815,is impaired in nitrogen fixation in air because some oxygen evolving activity is retained in its heterocysts.Our results also suggest that calcium may play a regulatory role in D1 degradation during heterocyst differentiation.     

苯并噻唑类酰脲化合物的微波合成及生物活性研究

苯并噻唑脲类化合物2可以通过中间体1和取代胺在微波反应条件下非常容易地得到。目标化合物2通过核磁共振氢谱,液质连用质谱,元素分析和单晶衍射的数据来确认。苯并噻唑脲类化合物具有较低的除草活性和杀虫活性,但是具有一定的杀菌活性。其中有些化合物具有较好的植物生长调节作用。     

通管汤盆腔灌注对大鼠输卵管炎性阻塞性不孕模型病理及BCL-2、EGFR蛋白表达的影响

目的研究自拟通管汤(简称通管汤)盆腔灌注对大鼠输卵管炎性阻塞的作用及机制。方法选用体重为(200±20)g,鼠龄8~12周的SD雌性大鼠130只,用混合菌制造大鼠输卵管炎性阻塞模型114只,随机分为正常对照组(A)、模型组(B)、兔耳风胶囊组(C)、通管汤组(低剂量组D_1、中剂量组D_2、高剂量组D_3)。采用输卵管通液观察输卵管通畅,HE染色观察输卵管组织形态学变化,免疫组化检测输卵管上皮细胞Bcl-2、EGFR的表达。结果 (1)治疗组输卵管通畅率D_3、D_2、C组与B、D_1组比较有非常显著性差异(P0.01);(2)D_3组与D_2、C组比较有较显著差异(P0.05);中高剂量治疗组(D_3、D_2)输卵管组织形态好转明显好于模型组(B)与低剂量组(D_1);治疗组输卵管上皮细胞Bcl-2、EGFR表达(P0.05-P0.01),差异有显著性,15 d与30 d比较无明显差异。结论通管汤高剂量组能缓解输卵管肿胀、减轻炎性细胞浸润、增加管腔纤毛数量和恢复输卵管通畅性;并通过下调Bcl-2、EGFR的过度表达,抑制输卵管上皮细胞凋亡和炎症反应,达到治疗输卵管炎性阻塞的作用。     

5—芳基—1—苯甲酰基—2硫代双缩脲的合成

本文用苯甲酰基硫代异氰酸酯（１）和芳基脲（２ａ－ｈ）合成了八个新的５－芳基－１－苯甲酰基－２－硫代双缩脲（３ａ－ｈ）它们的结构用元素分析、红外光谱、质谱、氢谱核磁等加以证实。     

干法研磨制备芳酰基脲

在室温条件下,以PEG-400为催化剂,芳甲酰氯为原料,首先研磨合成了中间体异硫氰酸酯,进一步分别与芳胺反应,高产率地合成了芳酰基硫脲,其直接与水合高碘酸在研钵中进行研磨氧化反应,便得到相应的脲的衍生物.该合成方法操作简单,反应时间短,反应条件温和,产率高且不使用有机溶剂,属于绿色合成.     

降香黄檀荚果和种子生长发育规律研究

降香黄檀(Dalbergia odorifera)为珍稀树种,天然分布的降香黄檀濒临绝迹,为保护现有的降香黄檀种质资源,本研究以广西降香黄檀荚果作为研究对象,观察荚果和种子的生长发育变化情况,并对降香黄檀种子部分生理生化指标及发芽率的变化进行测定,探讨降香黄檀荚果和种子的生长发育规律,为确定其适宜采收期提供理论支撑。结果表明：降香黄檀荚果和种子的颜色由浅绿色逐渐过渡到黄褐色,最终在盛花期后160 d后变为深褐色;荚果和种子体积大小在整个采收期中一直维持不断增长的趋势,且在盛花期后185 d开始缓慢而稳定地增长;种子含水量在盛花期后185 d后降至35%左右并趋于稳定;种子可溶性糖含量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,在盛花期后165 d最高,为45 g·kg^-1左右,直至盛花期后195 d降至42 g·kg^-1左右;种子可溶性蛋白含量呈“双峰”动态变化,盛花期后135 d达到第1个峰值,盛花期后180 d达到第2个峰值,之后开始缓慢下降;种子的发芽势、发芽率在盛花期后140-170 d达到最高,且与170 d后无显著性差异。因此,盛花期后185-200...     

Cloning, sequencing and expression of a swine IgG H chain gene inE. coli

A DNA fragment about 1.5 kb has been isolated from spleen of adult Chinese swine by RT-PCR. The DNA fragment encodes immunoglobulin IgG H chain gene. Sequencing analysis showed that the DNA fragment is 1 425 bp long, complete CDS. The C region of the gene has been classified as Subclass Ig γ3, and is the same as reported by Sun et al., but V region of the present gene is 42 bp less by comparison. The gene has been ligated into expression vector pET-3b (NSEB)( - ). A protein about 52 ku has been expressed in E. coli with an expression level of about 21 % .