辽河油田水平井举升技术研究与应用

截止2013年底辽河油田水平井总数已超过1300口，广泛应用于稀油、稠油、高凝油等多个油藏类型。由于水平井井身结构的特殊性，加之部分油井存在出砂、井底温度高、液面低、井斜大、排液量大等问题，平均检泵周期仅有220天。针对这些难题，辽河油田经过多年攻关，研发了水平井特种泵举升技术、水平井替泥浆、气举、转抽一体化技术，及相应的举升配套工具及装置，使水平井平均检泵周期达到400天以上，为水平井技术在辽河油田的实施提供了强有力的技术支持。     

油井生产举升方式的确定方法

提出了举升方式选择和评价的理论方法，并论述了相应的应用技术及应用实例。该方法以油田地质研究，油藏工程设计和开发生产条件为基础，以油藏或区块为研究对象，对油田开发中油井未来的生产动态进行模拟。该模拟系统采用系统工程原理，综合考虑了各种制约条件，具有全面，系统，实用的特点。应用结果表明，该方法理论严谨，层次清晰。配套软件的运算结果可靠，能为新油田采油工程方案和老油田调整方案编制中举升方式的确定提供科…     

ZZ3252M3246底盘液压系统的设计

自卸车液压系统设计的好坏,将直接影响整车的性能和生产效率。自卸车液压系统一般包括举升液压系统和转向液压系统,有些车还包括液压制动系统和液压冷却系统。自卸车液压系统原理相对来说比较简单,但是其中许多具体原理需要去研究。     

影响汽车侧翻的悬架因素分析

利用具有可变形悬架和轮胎的汽车侧翻模型，分析了悬架及轮胎等因素对汽车侧翻的影响，推导出包括轮距变化、举升效应、轮胎转动惯性力矩等因素在内的汽车侧翻阈值公式，突出影响汽车侧翻的悬架因素，为评估悬架对汽车侧翻稳定性影响提供了理论依据。     

气井柱塞举升排液采气优化设计

从气井柱塞上行程的动力学分析入手,充分考虑地层产气、产液等因素对柱塞及液柱上升的影响,建立了柱塞上、下行程动态模型,同时结合气井生产动态,建立了柱塞升排液要气优化设计模型。利用该西式能够计算气井生产时的积液速度、柱塞最佳上升速度以及将井底或至地面所需要的最高套压值,从而可以预测柱塞排液的运行周期数和周期举液量。现场试验证明,该模型将柱塞运行动态与气井的生产动态较好地结合,能够适应液体、井况和油藏参     

一种稠油降粘剂的研制与应用

利用自制的丙烯酸高级酯单体与其它单体共聚合成了一种新型油溶性聚合物降粘剂马来酸酐－苯乙烯－丙烯酸高级酯三元共聚物。研究了该共聚物的合成工艺以及单体配比、加入量、相对分子量、加入温度等因素对降粘剂的降粘效果的影响，获得了最佳合成工艺。将该降粘剂用于吐玉克稠油泵上掺稀举升工艺，加入量为１００～２００ｍｇ／ｌ，在稀油掺入量比原来降低５０％以上时仍能维持正常生产，对该稠油具有明显降粘效果。     

全尺寸模拟实验井供液系统及其设备的设计

介绍了石油大学和中原石油勘探局联合建成的全尺寸多功能模拟实验井供液系统及其专用设备的设计原理，机械结构和工作特性，该系统可以分别控制和计量油，气、水三相流体的流坦，井下混合器可将油、气、水三相充分混合，通过多路管线将混合液送入井下，可以模拟出分层开采的地层条件，为完成各种人工举升实提供了基础条件。     

油缸后推杠杆平衡式举升机构的优化设计

本文以举升初始时刻机构各铰点坐标为设计变量 ,以初始举升系数为优化目标 ,考虑机构的传动性、油压特性等方面的约束 ,建立了油缸后推杠杆平衡式举升机构的数学模型。以CA10 92型载货汽车改装成自卸汽车为实例 ,求解出了举升机构的优化方案。     

自卸车举升困难故障探讨

随着汽车技术的发展 ,其运行速度、发动机功率都在不断提高 ,各种高速、重载及特殊用途的车辆 ,对汽车结构提出了越来越高的要求。比如转向器就兼顾了既灵活又省力的双重性要求 ,对于重型汽车及高速小汽车来说 ,传统的机械式转向器已很难满足需要。借助发动机动力为能源 ,通过液压传动装置形成助力转向就很好地解决了这个问题。类似的问题使得液压技术在汽车上的应用越来越广泛 ,尤其是以汽车为基础的各种变型及工程机械更是如此 ,这些机械的作业如汽车起重机、自卸汽车的控制大多采用液压来进行。本文仅就自卸汽车的液压举升系统及常见故障…     

翻板式车库门举升机构优化设计

运用优化设计理论，对翻板式车库门举升机构进行分析，建立有约束多目标优化设计数学模型，给出了所用优化算法及小型汽车车库门举升机构优化设计结果。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that