钠长石在蛇纹石与镍黄铁矿浮选分离中的作用

针对蛇纹石易与镍黄铁矿形成异质凝聚而影响其浮选分离的问题,提出添加钠长石改善镍黄铁矿和蛇纹石浮选分离效果并研究钠长石的影响机制.单矿物及人工混合矿浮选试验结果表明,添加钠长石后镍黄铁矿的浮选回收率可从44%提高至81%,表明钠长石的添加削弱了蛇纹石与镍黄铁矿之间的异质凝聚,并增强了镍黄铁矿的可浮性.浊度测量、Zeta电位测试、SEM-EDS测试、吸附量测试以及DLVO理论计算结果表明,钠长石在特定pH条件下荷强负电,且负电性强于镍黄铁矿,更易与荷正电的蛇纹石颗粒通过静电引力形成异质凝聚,从而减弱了蛇纹石在镍黄铁矿表面的黏附,改善了镍黄铁矿的可浮性,使镍黄铁矿可浮性得以提升、回收率大幅提高,进而实现其与蛇纹石的有效分离.     

氰化脆硫锑铅矿和磁黄铁矿选择性分离

为了更好地分选磁黄铁矿和脆硫锑铅矿,研究了磁黄铁矿和脆硫锑铅矿在乙黄药体系下的浮选行为,并选用氰化钾做调整剂进行选择性分离浮选试验,通过红外光谱测定矿物表面与药剂的吸附产物.研究结果表明:在pH值为2～11时,磁黄铁矿和脆硫锑铅矿二者浮选行为相似,均有良好的可浮性;氰化钾可以很好地分离脆硫锑铅矿和磁黄铁矿;氰化钾在脆硫锑铅矿表面未发生吸附,而在磁黄铁矿表面发生吸附,生成铁氰配合物,从而抑制了磁黄铁矿的上浮.     

Magnetic separation of pentlandite from serpentine by selective magnetic coating

In this study, pentlandite was selectively separated from serpentine using magnetic coating technology by adjusting and optimizing pH, stirring speeds, magnetic field intensities, and dosages of sodium hexametaphosphate(SHMP) and sodium oleate(SO). A magnetic concentrate with Ni grade of 20.8% and Ni recovery of 80.5% was attained under the optimized operating conditions. Considering the above, the adsorption behaviors of SHMP and SO and the surface properties of minerals after the magnetic coating were studied by Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction(XRD), and scanning electron microscopy(SEM). The results show that magnetite was preferentially coated on the pentlandite surfaces and sparingly coated on the serpentine surfaces in the presence of SHMP and SO. Furthermore, calculations by Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(DLVO) theory indicate that the preferential adsorption of magnetite on the pentlandite surfaces is due to the presence of a hydrophobic interaction between the magnetite and pentlandite, which is much stronger than the interaction between magnetite and serpentine.     

催化裂化废催化剂磁分离回用技术

根据催化裂化废催化剂重金属含量存在差异的特点,通过开发一种磁分离回用技术回收大庆催化裂化废催化剂,回收率控制在30％～40％时,可使回用的催化剂微反活性提高5．6-7．3个单位,催化裂化轻油收率提高1．66％～3-31％,经济效益显著．     

Primary beneficiation of tantalite using magnetic separation and acid leaching

Primary beneficiation was successfully performed prior to dissolution of manganotantalite (sample A) and ferrotantalite (sample C) samples obtained from two different mines in the Naquissupa area, Mozambique. Magnetic separation removed the majority of iron and titanium, whereas H₂SO₄ leaching removed a large portion of thorium and uranium in these samples. Analytical results indicated that 64.14wt% and 72.04wt% of the total Fe and Ti, respectively, and ~2wt% each of Nb₂O₅ and Ta₂O₅ were removed from sample C (ferrotantalite) using the magnetic separation method, whereas only 9.64wt% and 8.66wt% of total Fe₂O₃ and TiO₂, respectively, and ~2wt% each of Nb₂O₅ and Ta₂O₅ were removed from sample A (manganotantalite). A temperature of 50°C and a leaching time of 3 h in the presence of concentrated H₂SO₄ were observed to be the most appropriate leaching conditions for removal of radioactive elements from the tantalite ores. The results obtained for sample A under these conditions indicated that 64.14wt% U₃O₈ and 60.77wt% ThO₂ were leached into the acidic solution, along with 4.45wt% and 0.99wt% of Nb₂O₅ and Ta₂O₅, respectively.     

基于磁定位技术的冲击侵彻尺度的测量

在小天体的探测任务中，探测器需要应对小行星表面特殊的风化层地貌环境。而人们目前对于风化层与探测器间的多尺度、强非线性的复杂动力学行为认知尚不充分，且对于撞击侵彻参数的测量缺乏合适的方法。为了掌握着陆过程中探测器的侵彻尺度关系，提出了一种实验室环境下基于磁偶极子模型的撞击动力学测量系统，通过迭代标定和GA-LM最优化算法提高了定位精度。将其应用于斜坡的撞击实验中，测量了撞击过程中撞击物2个方向的侵彻深度数据。结果表明：通过迭代标定算法和GA-LM算法平均提高了三轴31%的定位精度，使得最终的单轴定位误差小于3 mm；撞击斜坡过程中存在Y方向垂直穿透和Z方向横向滑动两种侵彻过程。Y方向的垂直穿透与下落高度符合1/3的幂律关系，而Z方向的滑动位移的标度规律并不稳定，原因是存在颗粒层崩塌的影响，并使得该位移与下落高度呈现非线性增加特征。     

大豆磷脂中磷脂酰胆碱的分离工艺研究

大豆磷脂中含有１９％－２５％的磷脂酞胆碱,本文研究了从大豆粗磷脂中磷脂酰胆碱的分离工艺,得到了最佳的分离工艺参数。     

Recovery of iron from high phosphorus oolitic iron ore using coal-based reduction followed by magnetic separation

Oolitic iron ore is one of the most important iron resources. This paper reports the recovery of iron from high phosphorus oolitic iron ore using coal-based reduction and magnetic separation. The influences of reduction temperature, reduction time, C/O mole ratio, and CaO content on the metallization degree and iron recovery were investigated in detail. Experimental results show that reduced products with the metallization degree of 95.82% could be produced under the optimal conditions (i.e., reduction temperature, 1250℃; reduction time, 50 min; C/O mole ratio, 2.0; and CaO content, 10wt%). The magnetic concentrate containing 89.63wt% Fe with the iron recovery of 96.21% was obtained. According to the mineralogical and morphologic analysis, the iron minerals had been reduced and iron was mainly enriched into the metallic iron phase embedded in the slag matrix in the form of spherical particles. Apatite was also reduced to phosphorus, which partially migrated into the metallic iron phase.     

利用气体水合物技术分离含氢气体混合物

建立了一套高压水合物分离装置。在不同的温度下，利用该装置分别测定了H2，GH4二元混合物和H2，CH4，C2H6三元混合物与水合物促进剂和水的乳化液进行水合反应时系统压力以及气相中各组分浓度随时间的变化。结果表明，温度对分离效果有明显的影响。温度越低，体系压力降低越快，H2浓度增加越快。对于二元混合物，当压力降低(H2浓度增加)到一定程度后，其降低(上升)趋势变缓。三元混合物的规律和二元混合物类似，但C2H6浓度在初始阶段有明显的降低，到一定阶段又开始缓慢上升。总体上来看，C2H6的浓度还是低于原料气浓度。根据实验结果确定了水合反应的气体停留时间，即二元混合物停留时间为15～25min，三元混合物停留时间为20～30min。对于三元混合物，停留时间不能过长，否则，对C2H6的浓度提高不利。     

利用气体水合物技术分离含氢气体混合物

建立了一套高压水合物分离装置。在不同的温度下 ,利用该装置分别测定了H2 ,CH4二元混合物和H2 ,CH4,C2 H6三元混合物与水合物促进剂和水的乳化液进行水合反应时系统压力以及气相中各组分浓度随时间的变化。结果表明 ,温度对分离效果有明显的影响。温度越低 ,体系压力降低越快 ,H2 浓度增加越快。对于二元混合物 ,当压力降低 (H2 浓度增加 )到一定程度后 ,其降低 (上升 )趋势变缓。三元混合物的规律和二元混合物类似 ,但C2 H6浓度在初始阶段有明显的降低 ,到一定阶段又开始缓慢上升。总体上来看 ,C2 H6的浓度还是低于原料气浓度。根据实验结果确定了水合反应的气体停留时间 ,即二元混合物停留时间为 15～ 2 5min ,三元混合物停留时间为 2 0～ 30min。对于三元混合物 ,停留时间不能过长 ,否则 ,对C2 H6的浓度提高不利     

核磁共振技术采油机理

在深入研究新疆克拉玛依油田八区下乌尔禾组砾岩油藏储层特征的基础上,应用核磁共振技术研究采油机理。在实验室内对同一岩样分别进行水驱油实验和渗吸实验,研究不同开采方式下油水分布、采出程度及孔隙动用特征。结果表明:小孔隙占总的孔隙体积的50%以上,中孔隙和大孔隙各占20%以上,水驱采油主要发生在大孔隙和中空隙中,小空隙所做贡献很小。渗吸采油时,小孔隙内的油是采出程度得主要贡献,与水驱采油的情况明显不同。但渗吸总体采出程度比较低,渗吸速度较慢。因此水驱采油是该地区低渗透砾岩储层采油的主要技术,渗吸作用可以有效动用小孔隙,是水驱采油的补充。     

低品位尾矿中锰资源的磁选回收利用

采用自主研发的高梯度水平励磁永磁磁辊对低品位碳酸锰尾矿进行湿式磁选试验,研究磨矿细度、磁场强度和矿浆浓度对湿式磁选效果的影响,从而获得富锰效果最佳的工艺参数.研究结果表明：与传统垂直励磁磁辊相比,水平励磁磁辊可显著提高锰品位与锰回收率,降低漏选率;在磨矿细度为80%,磁场强度为796.18 kA/m、矿浆浓度为20%的工艺参数下锰精矿品位可达到21%以上,锰回收率达到86%以上,在低品位尾矿有价金属资源回收利用方面工程的应用价值巨大.