Na2SiO3对碱性硫脲溶液选择性溶金的影响

采用电化学方法研究Na2SiO3浓度对碱性硫脲浸金的影响和金及其常见伴生元素银、铜、镍、铁在含有Na2SiO3的碱性硫脲溶液中的电化学行为.研究结果表明:加入Na2SiO3在很大程度上提高了金的溶解电流,Na2SiO3的最佳浓度为0.15mol/L.分析不同电势时lgJ与lgc(Na2SiO3)之间的关系可得:在电势为0.42V时,Na2SiO3对碱性硫脲溶液电化学溶金的促进作用最显著,含Na2SiO3的碱性硫脲溶液对金的溶解具有一定的选择性;在电势为0.58V时溶金效果最佳,金、银、镍和铁的阳极电流密度分别为2.49,1.22,1.03和0.09mA/cm2;而同时加入Na2SiO3和Na2SO3时碱性硫脲溶液选择性溶金的最佳电势负移至0.42V,对金的选择性溶解更为明显,金、银、铜、镍和铁的溶解电流密度依次为3.83,1.13,0.73,0.14和0.09mA/cm2,金的溶解电流密度分别是银、铜、镍和铁的3.4,5.2,27.3和42.6倍.     

THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT STABILIZERS ON ALKALINE H2O2 BLEACHING OF NS REED PULP

This paper uses a new stabilizer of H2O2 bleaching and compares the stabilizing effect of the new stabilizer with that of Na2SiO3. The results show that the new stabilizer is better than the conventional Na2SiO3. The optimum conditions of the stable latter process bleaching of H2O2 as follow: NaOH 3%,MgSO4 0.05%, H2O2 3%, stabilizer 3%, temperature 80℃, concentration 12%, time 3h.     

Linking leach chemistry and microbiology of low-grade copper ore bioleaching at different temperatures

The effects of temperature on chalcocite/pyrite oxidation and the microbial population in the bioleaching columns of a low-grade chalcocite ore were investigated in this study. Raffinate from the industrial bioleaching heap was used as an irrigation solution for columns operated at 20, 30, 45, and 60℃. The dissolution of copper and iron were investigated during the bioleaching processes, and the microbial community was revealed by using a high-throughput sequencing method. The genera of Ferroplasma, Acidithiobacillus, Leptospirillum, Acidiplasma, and Sulfobacillus dominated the microbial community, and the column at a higher temperature favored the growth of moderate thermophiles. Even though microbial abundance and activity were highest at 30℃, the column at a higher temperature achieved a much higher Cu leaching efficiency and recovery, which suggested that the promotion of chemical oxidation by elevated temperature dominated the dissolution of Cu. The highest pyrite oxidation percentage was detected at 45℃. Higher temperature resulted in precipitation of jarosite in columns, especially at 60℃. The results gave implications to the optimization of heap bioleaching of secondary copper sulfide in both enhanced chalcocite leaching and acid/iron balance, from the perspective of leaching temperature and affected microbial community and activity.     

甘肃早子沟金矿石工艺矿物学研究

甘肃早子沟金矿为典型卡林型金矿,该矿含金4.09 g/t,锑0.46%,砷0.39%,主要金属矿物有黄铁矿、毒砂、辉锑矿和褐铁矿,非金属矿物主要有石英、碳酸盐矿物和绢云母,矿石中矿物组成较复杂,但是除金及辉锑矿以外其他元素均无回收价值.矿石中的金矿物主要为自然金,相对质量分数为99.12%,除分布在脉石中的金,辉锑矿是金的重要载体.自然金粒度不均匀,经统计的颗粒全部小于0.075 mm,未发现粗粒金.工艺矿物学研究表明,该矿石难于选冶的主要原因为易泥化矿物、包裹金及含砷锑等耗氰矿物较多.     

CO2和O2共注入下方解石溶解对黄铁矿氧化固铀的影响

我国大型可地浸砂岩型铀矿床普遍存在黄铁矿和方解石与铀矿物密切共生现象。中性地浸采铀过程中O₂和CO₂的共注入会诱导黄铁矿氧化和方解石溶解,目前针对二者共存体系中方解石溶解对黄铁矿氧化固铀的影响尚不明确。本文通过静态批实验和数值模拟的方法对比研究了CO₂和O₂条件下方解石溶解对黄铁矿氧化固铀的影响。结果表明：无CO₂分压下中性Tris缓冲体系中黄铁矿氧化对U(VI)的吸附率高达90%,有CO₂分压下碳酸铀酰体系中铀的固定率明显降低,约有32%的铀被吸附。在方解石和黄铁矿共存体系中,单独通O₂条件下铀的吸附率为27%,CO₂和O₂共通时黄铁矿氧化对铀的吸附率仅为2%,结合数值模拟结果表明O₂+黄铁矿+方解石体系和CO₂+O₂+黄铁矿+方解石体系中Ca₂(UO₂)(CO₃     

紫金山铜矿浸出过程黄铁矿的氧化行为

针对紫金山铜矿堆浸过程中,在辉铜矿和铜蓝等有用矿物浸出的同时,有黄铁矿被大量浸出,造成浸出液中Fe3 浓度过高的现状,研究了细菌浸出黄铁矿的氧化行为和机理,重点考察了Fe3 的化学氧化以及细菌浸出黄铁矿过程的影响因素.研究结果表明,在有菌条件下,pH值为1.6时,混合矿浸出初期,黄铁矿的浸出率仅为5%～8%;随着浸出时间的增加,氧化还原电位升高,浸出15d后,氧化还原电位上升到500mV以上时,黄铁矿的浸出率可达25%.说明氧化还原电位是细菌浸出黄铁矿过程的重要影响因素.机理研究表明,细菌浸出黄铁矿是以间接反应为主,细菌在黄铁矿表面的吸附对黄铁矿的浸出具有协同作用.     

川西北马脑壳金矿床载金矿物特征及其成因意义

四川西北部九寨沟县的马脑壳金矿床的主要载金矿物有黄铁矿、毒砂、辉锑矿、雄黄和褐铁矿。有两种不同类型的黄铁矿 ,分别形成于沉积成岩期和热液成矿期。前者具草莓状结构 ,后者以环带结构为特征。粒度小晶形不规则的黄铁矿具有较高的含金量 ,而晶形完整和晶粒较大者含金量相对较低。辉锑矿和雄黄以细粒浸染状分布者含金量高 ,而以块状产出者金含量低甚至不含金。褐铁矿为表生氧化作用的产物 ,含有显微 -超显微单质金。对马脑壳金矿床载金矿物的研究表明 ,矿床形成于三个成矿期 ,即沉积 -成岩期、热液成矿期、表生氧化期 ,三个成矿期之间具有内在的联系。热液成矿期含矿流体的演化具有阶段性特征 ,流体的物理化学性质迅速变化有利于金的沉淀富集     

碳酸钠对毒砂氧化机理影响的电化学研究

Ｎａ２ＣＯ３在黄铁矿和毒砂浮选分离过程中能显著地活化黄铁矿和有效地抑制毒砂．作者应用电化学测试方法对毒砂在Ｎａ２ＣＯ３溶液中的氧化机理进行了深入研究．结果表明，Ｎａ２ＣＯ３改变了毒砂的氧化机理，使其氧化过程由活化能高的混合控制转变为活化能较低的扩散控制，活化能降低了１１．４０２ｋＪ／ｍｏｌ，加快了氧化速度，并形成不易被还原的致密氧化产物，从而使毒砂表面强烈亲水而被抑制，为有效地实现硫砷分离创造了条件．     

某些矿物中次显微金及晶格金的研究

利用电子显微镜研究高岭石、水白云母、黄铁矿、辉锑矿和石英等中的次显微金,以及利用电子顺磁共振谱仪研究黄铁矿、毒砂中的晶格金,并从结晶化学的观点对次显微金和晶格金的形成机理进行分析,均获得了一些有实际意义的研究成果;从而对这些矿物中金的赋存状态有了进一步的理解。     

难处理金矿中伴生矿物对氰化浸出的影响

对金矿石中常见的几种伴生矿物在氰化浸出中的影响进行了分析,同时采用化学试剂配制标准液的方式,考察了Fe2+,Cu2+,As3+对氰化物消耗的影响.试验结果表明:铁矿物中,磁黄铁矿对氰化浸出的影响较大,使溶金速率下降28.1%,氰化物耗量增加4倍,而黄铁矿与赤铁矿对氰化浸出的影响较小;铜矿物中,黄铜矿与辉铜矿对氰化浸出都具有很大影响,其中辉铜矿可使溶金速率下降36.81%,氰化物耗量增加10倍;砷矿物中,雄黄与雌黄对氰化浸出极其有害,使溶金速率分别下降41.95%和49.90%,氰化物耗量分别增加13.8倍和15.0倍,相反毒砂在氰化体系中比较稳定,对氰化浸出的影响较小.离子耗氰试验中,Fe2+...     

抗坏血酸在纳米金/石墨烯复合物修饰电极上的电化学行为研究

根据Hummers方法制备了石墨烯(GR),通过在石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(GR/GCE)表面电沉积纳米金粒子(Au NPs)制备了纳米金/石墨烯复合物修饰电极(Au NPs/GR/GCE),采用扫描电镜表征了电极形貌;并用循环伏安法研究了抗坏血酸(AA)在此修饰电极上的电化学行为,在p H=4.0的磷酸氢二钠-柠檬酸缓冲溶液中,AA在复合物修饰电极上产生一灵敏的氧化峰,氧化峰电流显著高于裸玻碳电极(GCE)和石墨烯修饰玻碳电极(GR/GCE);在优化实验条件下,建立了循环伏安法测定AA的方法,氧化峰电流与AA的浓度在7⁵00μmol/L和1500μmol/L和1³0 mmol/L范围内呈良好的线性,检出限为5μmol/L(信噪比=3);用该方法测定维生素C片中AA的含量,回收率在97.69%30 mmol/L范围内呈良好的线性,检出限为5μmol/L(信噪比=3);用该方法测定维生素C片中AA的含量,回收率在97.69%¹03.5%之间.     

Au/Al_2O_3/Al整体型催化剂的研究

采用阳极氧化法制备了Al2O3/Al载体,研究了阳极氧化条件(硫酸浓度、电流密度、氧化时间等)对载体比表面积和孔结构的影响.用这种载体,经过水合或负载CeO2、Fe2O3等助剂对载体的不同处理后,采用浸渍法制备了金负载量为1%的Au/Al2O3/Al、Au/Al2O3-CeO2/Al、Au/Al2O3-Fe2O3/Al催化剂,考察了其CO催化氧化活性.结果表明:阳极氧化条件对载体的表面结构有着显著的影响,同时也明显影响到催化剂的活性;助剂CeO2的加入能明显提高催化剂的活性.     

石墨炉原子吸收光谱测定微量钴

研究了石墨炉原子吸收测定微量钴，钴吸收线的特性，各种酸对钴原子化的影响以及Ｍｇ（ＮＯ３）２的基体改进效应，提出了以Ｎａ２ＳｉＯ３为稳定剂，用石墨炉原子吸收人发中痕量钴的方法。     

煤系黄铁矿的电解催化氧化和动力学研究

以硫酸为介质，硫酸锰为电解催化剂，在以铂为电极的无隔膜电解池中研究了煤系黄铁矿的电化学催化氧化。研究表明，煤系黄铁矿中硫的转化率随着电解电位的提高，锰离子浓度的增加、煤浆浓度的降低、煤颗粒直径的变小、电解质酸度的增加和电解温度的提高而提高。进而对这些数据进行了动力学分析。结果表明煤系黄铁矿的电化学氧化反应符合未反应缩核模型，Mn^3 与黄铁矿表面发生的氧化反应是控制步骤，该反应的表面活化能的29.6kj/mol。     

D001CC强酸性树脂吸附分离金银

介绍了用Ｄ００１ＣＣ大孔强酸性阳离子交换树脂从硫脲浸金液中吸附分离金和银的性能。结果表明,在酸性介质中,该树脂对硫脲金（Ａｕ（Ｔｕ）２＋ ）、硫脲银（Ａｇ（Ｔｕ）２＋ ）配离子（Ｔｕ＝ ＣＳ（ＮＨ２）２）均有良好的吸附性能。吸附容量Ａｕ 为６８．８ｍ ｇ／ｇ－Ｒｅｓｉｎ,Ａｇ 为９９．１ｍ ｇ／ｇ－Ｒｅｓｉｎ。负载金银的树脂可分别用ＮａＣＮ－ＮａＯＨ 溶液和Ｎａ２Ｓ２Ｏ３ 的Ｈ３ＢＯ３－ＮａＯＨ 缓冲溶液定量洗脱,达到了一定程度的金银分离     

硫脲对BH-4在铜电极上电化学氧化行为的影响

使用循环伏安法、电化学交流阻抗法研究了铜电极上BH4-在不同硫脲浓度时的电化学氧化行为。实验结果表明在扫描速率40 mV/s时,硫脲存在时BH4-氧化峰比没有硫脲存在时明显增大;根据DBFC电池特征设计出等效电路(R(Q(RW))),对交流阻抗实验数据进行了拟合,结果表明,该等效电路与实际测量结果基本一致,具有较高的精确性;循环伏安和交流阻抗实验均表明,适当的硫脲可抑制DBFC阳极的析氢副反应。     

二氧化硅纳米微粒修饰电极的制备及其黄嘌呤电化学检测中的应用

以正硅酸四乙酯为硅源,采用恒电位沉积法制备了二氧化硅纳米颗粒修饰玻碳电极,用扫描电子显微镜、X-射线衍射光谱及电化学技术对纳米界面进行表征,研究了黄嘌呤在二氧化硅纳米微粒修饰电极表面的电化学行为,发现氧化峰峰电位负移130 mV,表明二氧化硅纳米粒子能催化黄嘌呤的电化学氧化;氧化峰峰电流明显增加,表明二氧化硅纳米粒子能...     

多金属氧化钼矿工艺矿物学及其综合利用技术研究

对氧化钼矿的工艺矿物学特征及其综合利用技术进行研究.结果表明:氧化钼矿的主要矿物组成为钼华、钼钙矿、褐铁矿、黄铁矿及石英.在磨矿细度为200目以下含量65%时,采用混合浮选工艺,可得钼品位为7.41%的钼精矿,钼回收率为82.18%,其中含铅18.02%、含金7.96 g.t-1、含银1 002 g.t-1;采用联合碱浸法处理钼精矿,可获得钼浸出率为95.61%的工艺指标;采用氰化法处理碱浸渣,金银浸出率分别为94.55%、83.96%;采用浮选法处理氰化渣,可得铅品位为46.76%的铅精矿,铅回收率为52.83%;采用重选法回收浮选尾矿中的石英,可获得SiO2含量为97.12%、回收率为80.84%的石英产品.     

从难处理金矿中回收金:黄铁矿对硫脲浸金体系稳定性的影响

The extraction of gold from refractory gold ores (RGOs) without side reactions is an extremely promising endeavor. However, most RGOs contain large amounts of sulfide, such as pyrite. Thus, investigation of the influence of sulfide on the gold leaching process is important to maximize the utilization of RGOs. In this work, the effects of pyrite on the stability of the thiourea system were systematically investigated under different conditions. Results showed that the decomposition rate of thiourea was accelerated sharply in the presence of pyrite. The effect of pyrite on gold recovery in thiourea leaching systems was then confirmed via a series of experiments. The decomposition efficiency of thiourea decreased by 40% and the recovery efficiency of gold increased by 56% after the removal of sulfide by roasting. Under optimal conditions, the efficiency of the gold recovery system increased to 83.69% and only 57.92% of thiourea decomposition was observed. The high consumption of thiourea by the leaching system may be attributed to not only adsorption by mineral particles but also catalytic decomposition by some impurities in the ores, such as pyrite and soluble ferric oxide.     

Recovery of gold from refractory gold ores: Effect of pyrite on the stability of the thiourea leaching system

The extraction of gold from refractory gold ores(RGOs) without side reactions is an extremely promising endeavor. However, most RGOs contain large amounts of sulfide, such as pyrite. Thus, investigation of the influence of sulfide on the gold leaching process is important to maximize the utilization of RGOs. In this work, the effects of pyrite on the stability of the thiourea system were systematically investigated under different conditions. Results showed that the decomposition rate of thiourea was accelerated sharply in the presence of pyrite. The effect of pyrite on gold recovery in thiourea leaching systems was then confirmed via a series of experiments. The decomposition efficiency of thiourea decreased by 40% and the recovery efficiency of gold increased by 56% after the removal of sulfide by roasting. Under optimal conditions, the efficiency of the gold recovery system increased to 83.69% and only 57.92% of thiourea decomposition was observed. The high consumption of thiourea by the leaching system may be attributed to not only adsorption by mineral particles but also catalytic decomposition by some impurities in the ores, such as pyrite and soluble ferric oxide.