氧化锌矿磨矿球径经验公式研究

在磨矿动力学、自然矿块抗压强度和磨矿功耗研究的基础上,针对云南兰坪氧化锌矿石含泥量大的特点,推导并建立兰坪砂岩型氧化锌矿石球径经验公式模型.混合物料磨矿试验结果表明,该模型在指导磨机初装球方面具有较好的准确性.利用该经验公式对云南小灰山氧化锌矿选厂磨机钢球进行调整后,磨矿产品次生矿泥质量分数减少了2.30%,磨矿效率提高了4.30%,达到了降低次生矿泥和减少磨矿能耗的目的.     

硫化矿浮选混合精矿振动高梯度磁选的研究

本文阐述硫化矿浮选混合精矿振动高梯度磁分离的研究,其要点是:a.为消除非磁性矿粒的机械夹杂,采用磁介质振动的振动高梯度磁选法;b.为了消除微细异质矿粒凝聚,矿浆入选前进行脱药和充分分散。     

新型煤泥浮选促进剂CG的制备与作用机理

针对选煤厂浮选过程存在的问题,对浮选药剂进行改进,探讨一种新型煤泥浮选促进剂CG的制备工艺,将促进剂CG与柴油按比例配制成新捕收剂,进行浮选实验研究和相关机理分析。通过红外光谱发现新捕收剂与煤样作用后,在2 325 cm-1附近出现新的羧基吸收峰,表明新捕收剂与煤样表面发生了化学吸附;通过Zeta电位分析,发现新捕收剂对煤样的吸附使煤粒表面Ze-ta电位减小,表明促进剂CG的极性基与煤表面亲水的含氧官能团发生氢键吸附,除去了含氧官能团对煤浮选的不利影响,使煤粒表面的疏水性增大。结果表明,使用新捕收剂比之柴油可以较大幅度地提高精煤产率。     

微细粒混合磁选精矿分级—分散浮选试验研究

针对东鞍山混合磁选精矿进行了预先分级—强化分散浮选试验研究，同时结合沉降试验、动电位测试、浊度测试等分析了分选效果改善的原因.在最优条件下分级—分散浮选闭路试验可获得精矿铁品位66.24%、铁回收率79.47%的浮选指标，与单一分散浮选的闭路试验相比，精矿铁回收率提高了4.47%.沉降试验和浊度测试表明，分散剂柠檬酸及粒度组成均会影响赤铁矿-石英混合矿的分散特性，柠檬酸主要吸附在赤铁矿表面从而增大矿粒间的静电斥力，优化粒度组成实现窄级别浮选则会进一步减弱矿粒间的非选择性团聚(罩盖)，为后续浮选分离创造有利条件，这也与DLVO理论及团聚动力学的分析结果基本一致.     

高铁锌矿的湿法处理

研究高铁锌矿的湿法处理工艺，提出了“硫化锌精矿、软锰矿同时浸出，氧化锌矿中和，锌、二氧化锰分步电解”的工艺制度。试验结果表明：高铁锌矿的全湿法处理在技术上是可行的。     

矽卡岩型含锌铁矿回收锌试验

根据矽卡岩含锌铁矿的矿物组成，对其进行了回收锌的试验，提出先浮后磁流程，并对磨矿细度、石灰用量、硫酸铜用量和丁黄药用量进行了条件试验，得到了合格的锌精矿，为矿山回收锌提供了可行性依据。     

KJ复合药剂的浮选性能

利用微量热仪、表面张力仪、接触角测量仪等仪器,研究了KJ复合药剂对煤泥的作用效果,进行了煤泥浮选实验,考察了添加不同用量的KJ表面活性剂对煤泥浮选效果的影响,比较了KJ复合药剂与煤油、仲辛醇的浮选效果。结果表明,KJ复合药剂的浮选效果优于煤油、仲辛醇,当KJ表面活性剂添加量为2%时,KJ复合药剂的浮选效果最好。     

Comprehensive recovery of lead,zinc, and iron from hazardous jarosite residues using direct reduction followed by magnetic separation

Lead, zinc, and iron were recovered from jarosite residues using direct reduction followed by magnetic separation. The influence of the coal dosage, reduction temperature, and reduction time on the volatilization rates of lead and zinc and the metallization rate of iron were investigated. The results show that the volatilization rates of lead and zinc were 96.97% and 99.89%, respectively, and the iron metallization rate was 91.97% under the optimal reduction roasting conditions of a coal dosage of 25.0wt% and reduction roasting at 1250℃ for 60 min. The magnetic concentrate with an iron content of 90.59wt% and an iron recovery rate of 50.87% was obtained under the optimum conditions in which 96.56% of the reduction product particles were smaller than 37 μm and the magnetic field strength was 24 kA/m. Therefore, the results of this study demonstrate that recovering valuable metals such as lead, zinc, and iron from jarosite residues is feasible using the developed approach.     

复合团聚药剂脱除高硫煤中黄铁矿硫

利用自主开发的团聚脱硫工艺,对两种复合药剂脱除高硫煤中微细粒黄铁矿进行了研究,并对两种药剂的协同效应进行了探讨.结果表明:两种复合药剂对脱除煤中的黄铁矿硫存在着很强的协同效应;实验得出两种药剂最佳配比为A2B2;在此条件下得到的精煤产率为70.08%,脱硫率为60.40%.说明采用该工艺可以在脱除高硫煤中黄铁矿硫的同时保持较高的精煤产率,且该复合药剂对煤样的团聚效果也比较好.     

Mathematical simulation of direct reduction process in zinc-bearing pellets

A one-dimensional unsteady mathematical model was established to describe direct reduction in a composite pellet made of metallurgical dust. The model considered heat transfer, mass transfer, and chemical reactions including iron oxide reductions, zinc oxide reduction and carbon gasification, and it was numerically solved by the tridiagonal matrix algorithm (TDMA). In order to verify the model, an experiment was performed, in which the profiles of temperature and zinc removal rate were measured during the reduction process. Results calculated by the mathematical model were in fairly good agreement with experimental data. Finally, the effects of furnace temperature, pellet size, and carbon content were investigated by model calculations. It is found that the pellet temperature curve can be divided into four parts according to heating rate. Also, the zinc removal rate increases with the increase of furnace temperature and the decrease of pellet size, and carbon content in the pellet has little influence on the zinc removal rate.     

Purification of specularite by centrifugation instead of flotation to produce iron oxide red pigment

This study used specularite, a high-gradient magnetic separation concentrate, as a raw material in reverse flotation.An iron concentrate with a grade of 65.1 wt% and a recovery rate of 75.31% were obtained.A centrifugal concentrator served as the deep purification equipment for the preparation of iron oxide red pigments, and its optimal rotating drum speed, feed concentration, and other conditions were determined.Under optimal conditions, a high-purity iron oxide concentrate with a grade of 69.38 wt% and a recovery rate of 80.89% were obtained and used as a raw material for preparing iron oxide red pigment.Calcining with sulfuric acid produced iron red pigments with different hues.Simultaneously, middlings with a grade of 60.20 wt% and a recovery rate of 17.51% were obtained and could be used in blast furnace ironmaking.High-value utilization of specularite beneficiation products was thus achieved.     

一种难选铁矿石磁选精矿直接反浮选的分散特征

介绍了一种处理难选铁矿石磁选精矿的直接反浮选工艺.采用XRD,SEM和EDS等手段对原矿、精矿和尾矿的形貌及矿物组成进行了表征,重点探讨了分离过程中矿物的分散特征,为含碳酸盐难选铁矿石磁选精矿的直接反浮选技术提供理论基础.研究结果表明,采用添加分散剂直接反浮选技术可以获得合格铁精矿;有用铁矿物和脉石矿物细颗粒无选择性粘附在有用铁矿物和脉石粗颗粒表面,是造成铁矿石分离困难的主要原因;分散剂的加入有利于颗粒分散,从而实现了有用铁矿物与脉石矿物的选择性分离.     

不同分子结构药剂的煤泥浮选效果

为探究不同分子结构捕收剂对煤泥浮选效果的影响,选取碳原子数均为12、分子结构不同的邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、正十二烷、异十二烷为捕收剂,进行煤泥浮选实验、不同结构药剂与煤泥作用的润湿热测定及红外光谱分析。结果表明:邻苯二甲酸二乙酯浮选的精煤产率、可燃体回收率、浮选完善指标分别比正十二烷高3.20%、3.22%、3.25%,比异十二烷高2.03%、2.05%、2.42%;带苯环的邻苯二甲酸二乙酯的浮选效果最优,依次是异十二烷、正十二烷;含有苯环的邻苯二甲酸二乙酯与煤样作用的润湿热比正、异十二烷高;邻苯二甲酸二乙酯中的苯环更能提高煤表面的疏水性。该研究为新型浮选药剂开发提供了参考。     

高磷鲕状赤铁矿直接还原同步脱磷新脱磷剂

为开发高磷鲕状赤铁矿,采用直接还原焙烧的方法对含TFe品位为43.58%,磷含量0.83%的鄂西某宁乡式高磷鮞状赤铁矿进行系统研究。通过X线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对提铁降磷机理进行研究。研究结果表明:在配合使用NCP和新脱磷剂TS2种脱磷剂的条件下,可以获得TFe品位为91.35%、铁回收率为85.12%、磷含量为0.081%的直接还原铁粉。原矿加入脱磷剂焙烧后,含磷矿物的物相并没有发生变化,仍以氟磷石的形式存在,通过细磨磁选实现提铁降磷。加入的脱磷剂有助于破坏鲕状结构,使金属铁颗粒与脉石颗粒的接触面变得平滑、清晰,改善高金属铁和脉石的解离条件,同时脱磷剂还能促进中间产物铁橄榄石的还原。     

高碳海绵铁电化学絮凝处理铅锌冶炼厂制酸废水

 采用高碳海绵铁(含13.00% C,55.40% Fe)电化学-絮凝处理铅锌冶炼制酸废水,研究了pH和时间、海绵铁用量和粒径等反应条件对废水中铅和锌离子的去除效果及影响.结果表明:在废水初始pH=3.0,海绵铁用量为30 g/L和粒径<0.301 mm,反应时间为40 min的条件下,废水中的铅锌离子去除效果最佳,电化学处理去除率分别为98.87%和77.89%,废水中的铜、总镉和总砷等离子去除率分别为93.50%、91.50%和47.26%;采用电化学-絮凝耦合处理,在最佳条件下,铅锌的去除率分别达到99.90%和99.67%,同时总砷、总镉和铜离子等得到进一步去除,去除率分别为97.77%、99.56%和97.77%,废水可达到《污水综合排放标准》(GB 8978—1996)中一级标准要求.     

从高炉除尘灰中综合回收碳、铁和锌的试验研究

基于选冶联合工艺,对某厂排放的高炉除尘灰进行综合回收铁、锌、碳的试验研究。先采用浮选-磁选法回收碳和铁,再采用酸浸-除杂-电积湿法回收锌,重点对影响锌浸出的工艺因素和条件进行了考察。结果表明,通过选冶联合工艺处理高炉除尘灰获得较好的选别指标,且可回收碳品位为86.52%和回收率为92.80%的碳精矿、铁品位为54.16%和回收率为45.47%的铁精矿以及纯度为95.2%的锌产品,锌总回收率达到87%以上。     

用离心法代替浮选提纯镜铁矿制备氧化铁红色素

This study used specularite, a high-gradient magnetic separation concentrate, as a raw material in reverse flotation. An iron concentrate with a grade of 65.1wt% and a recovery rate of 75.31% were obtained. A centrifugal concentrator served as the deep purification equipment for the preparation of iron oxide red pigments, and its optimal rotating drum speed, feed concentration, and other conditions were determined. Under optimal conditions, a high-purity iron oxide concentrate with a grade of 69.38wt% and a recovery rate of 80.89% were obtained and used as a raw material for preparing iron oxide red pigment. Calcining with sulfuric acid produced iron red pigments with different hues. Simultaneously, middlings with a grade of 60.20wt% and a recovery rate of 17.51% were obtained and could be used in blast furnace ironmaking. High-value utilization of specularite beneficiation products was thus achieved.     

国外某高云母难处理氧化铜矿选矿工艺研究

针对国外某高云母氧化铜矿开展选矿工艺研究.经工艺矿物学研究得知,以白云母为主的脉石矿物,与目的矿物在选矿时发生竞争吸附,在中矿中反复循环,致使铜精矿产出困难,闭路难以实现金属量的平衡等情况,在选矿工艺流程试验基础上,确定采用预先脱除云母-云母精矿磁选-氧化铜浮选的工艺流程.通过镜下检测发现,预先脱除的云母精矿中含有部分被褐铁矿包裹的微细粒黄铜矿,所以采用强磁法处理云母精矿,获得了磁选精矿含Cu(质量分数,下同)10.55%,Cu回收率0.99%,浮选铜精矿含Cu 20.14%,Cu回收率为84.76%的较好的选别指标,对同类矿床回收有价金属有一定的参考价值.     

Slime coating of kaolinite on chalcopyrite in saline water flotation

In saline water flotation, the salinity can cause a distinguishable slime coating of clay minerals on chalcopyrite particles through its effect on their electrical double layers in aqueous solutions. In this work, kaolinite was used as a representative clay mineral for studying slime coating during chalcopyrite flotation. The flotation of chalcopyrite in the presence and absence of kaolinite in tap water, seawater, and gypsum-saturated water and the stability of chalcopyrite and kaolinite particles in slurries are presented. Zeta-potential distributions and scanning electron microscopy images were used to characterize and explain the different slime coating degrees and the different flotation performances. Kaolinite particles induced slime coating on chalcopyrite surfaces and reduced chalcopyrite floatability to the greatest extent when the pH value was in the alkaline range. At 0.24wt% of kaolinite, the chalcopyrite floatability was depressed by more than 10% at alkaline pH levels in tap water. Salinity in seawater and gypsum-saturated water compressed the electrical double layers and resulted in extensive slime coating.     

沉淀法制备纳米氧化锌的研究

通过实验和理论分析,对均匀沉淀法和直接沉淀法制备纳米ZnO进行了比较,结果表明：以硝酸锌为原料,尿素为均匀沉淀剂制得的纳米ZnO粒径小,分布窄,分散性好,收率大体相等,远优于直接沉淀法制备的纳米ZnO.