壳聚糖金属螯合亲和吸附剂的制备

目的 研究利用壳聚糖为载体、戊二醛为交联剂、亚氨基二乙酸(IDA)为螯合配基制备金属螯合亲和吸附剂的条件.方法 戊二醛对壳聚糖进行交联,环氧氯丙烷法进行载体活化和螯合配基的偶联.键合IDA后与Cu2+螯合.结果 采用0.22 mL/g(壳聚糖)戊二醛对壳聚糖进行交联.交联壳聚糖加入0.4 mol/L NaOH与体积分数为0.5的二甲亚砜的混合溶液中,充分搅匀,25℃下缓慢滴加1.2 mL(体积分数为0.3)的环氧氯丙烷,升温至40℃,170 r/min下振荡反应3h进行活化.之后,以4.26 g/g(壳聚糖)浓度的IDA进行连接反应,65℃下反应18 h.结论 采用优化条件制备的金属螯合亲和吸附剂对Cu2+有较大螯合量,可用作固定化金属亲和层析的固定相.     

特异性Tetrodotoxin亲和吸附微珠的制备及其提取性能

将横纹东方豚卵巢与醋酸乙醇溶液混合匀浆,经离心,加热,沉淀,脱脂等处理,制得粗提液,活性炭吸附粗提液得到粗毒液;以壳聚糖为载体合成亲和微珠分别来分离纯化粗提液和粗毒液,用传统的小鼠生物法检测TTX毒素量．潮湿活性炭对TTX的吸附量约为2μg／g,潮湿亲和微珠吸附量约为10μg／g;亲和微珠吸附提取粗毒液,回收率达51％,直接吸附粗提液,回收率达到80％,同时蛋白也得到有效的去除．     

壳聚糖水凝胶的制备及对Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附研究

以壳聚糖为原料,过硫酸铵为引发剂、丙烯酸为接枝单体以及N,N′-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用交联聚合法制备壳聚糖水凝胶.通过傅里叶红外光谱,扫描电镜对壳聚糖水凝胶进行表征,红外光谱结果表明壳聚糖水凝胶制备成功,扫描电镜表明所制备的壳聚糖水凝胶表面凹凸不平,褶皱较多,可有效发挥吸附作用.此外探究了静置条件下壳聚糖水凝胶投加量,Cr(Ⅵ)初始浓度,吸附时间,反应温度等因素对壳聚糖水凝胶吸附Cr(Ⅵ)的效果影响,得出最佳去除率为99.6%.     

猪凝血酶的分离纯化与鉴定

本文报导以猪血为材料，制备凝血酶，血浆在低离子强度下经等电沉淀得优球蛋白，从该沉淀中采用稀盐溶液提取，氢氧化镁吸附和二氧化碳解吸等步骤获得凝血酶原粗品。后者经脑提取液激活，再经乙醇分级、ＤＥＡＥ－纤维素与磷酸纤维素离子交换层析和ＳｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－１００凝胶过滤，得凝血酶制品，经ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ分析，制品呈单一条带，分子量约为３９ｋＤ，比活达１６１０ＮＩＨＵ／ｍｇ蛋白，以活化的粗品活性为１００％，活性回收率为４８％，纯化倍数约为１０。     

两种不同方法固定化β-葡萄糖苷酶的研究

以自制的壳聚糖微球为载体,戊二醛为交联剂,考察了壳聚糖浓度对微球制备的影响,并采用吸附-交联法和交联-吸附法两种方法对β-葡萄糖苷酶固定化进行了研究.结果表明:(1)当壳聚糖:2％乙酸溶液=1∶20(w/w)时,最适合制球,成球粒径平均约为1.5mm.(2)采用交联-吸附法时固定率为43％,储存5天后剩余酶活力为67％,10天后剩余酶活力为52％,采用吸附-交联法时固定率为32％,储存5天后剩余酶活力为60％,10天后剩余酶活力为43％.因此,优化的固定化β-葡萄糖苷酶的方法为交联-吸附法.     

壳聚糖微球树脂的制备及应用

以甲壳素为原料 ,采用正交试验法确定制备高脱乙酰度和高交联度的壳聚糖树脂的工艺条件 .当温度、碱浓度和反应时间分别为 70℃ ,12 .5 0 mol· L-1和 4 h时 ,可得脱乙酰度 94 %、粘度80 0 m Pa· s的壳聚糖 .在交联剂浓度为 1.0 mol· L-1、壳聚糖用量为 2 g和交联时间为 2 h的条件下 ,可获交联度为 93%的微球树脂 .研究壳聚糖树脂对染料废水及印染废水的吸附脱色条件 ,其对单一染料废水的吸附率可达 85 %以上 .高交联度树脂的吸附率优于低交联度树脂的吸附率 ,交联后的壳聚糖微球树脂 ,具有适用于较广 p H范围的优点     

壳聚糖接枝丙烯酰胺—聚丙烯酸对Hg(II)的吸附研究

以过硫酸铵为引发剂,戊二醛、N,N’-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂,采用水溶液聚合法使壳聚糖与丙烯酰胺、丙烯酸进行接枝共聚。制备了一种新型壳聚糖接枝丙烯酰胺-聚丙烯酸吸附材料并应用于Hg(Ⅱ)的吸附研究,考察了原料配比、pH、溶液浓度、吸附时间对吸附性能的影响。结果表明:丙烯酸质量分数为25%、pH=5、吸附时间为200 min时,复合材料表现出最佳吸附性能。     

抗菌保健织物的开发

利用-β环糊精对有害物质、香精等的包合性能以及壳聚糖的抗菌性能,开发抗菌保健织物.探讨了β-环糊精用量、壳聚糖分子量及交联剂对整理织物吸附香精和甲苯量的影响,研究了整理织物对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草杆菌、大肠杆菌的抑菌性能.结果表明,-β环糊精的浓度为30 g/L时,整理织物对香精和甲苯的吸附量最大.壳聚糖分子量越大吸附量越大,但抑菌效果差.加入交联剂可提高-β环糊精在织物上的耐洗性.     

壳聚糖的制备工艺及作为吸附剂在水处理中的应用

以蟹壳为原料探讨壳聚糖的生产条件,分别研究了壳聚糖作为吸附剂和絮凝剂对水中重金属离子及模拟印染废水的处理效果．研究结果表明,蟹壳种类不同,制备工艺中所需的酸碱浓度及处理时间也不一样．在静态条件下,体系的ｐＨ值、吸附时间、壳聚糖用量和金属离子浓度对壳聚糖的吸附性能有较大影响．在最佳条件下壳聚糖对Ｐｂ２＋ 、Ｃｒ（ＶＩ）、Ｃｕ２＋ 的吸附去除率均可达到９８％ 以上．在ｐＨ值为４～５时,壳聚糖对ｒａｆａｆｉｘ ｒｅｄ 和ｍ ａｔａｆｉｘｂｌｕｅ 两种染料模拟废水的色度去除率也可达到９５％ 以上．     

交联壳聚糖膜对偶氮染料的吸附性能研究

以戊二醛为交联剂，制备交联壳聚糖膜（CCS），研究其对不同偶氮染料的吸附脱色机制；以甲基橙为对象染料，比较了不同吸附剂的吸附性能．结果表明：结构复杂的染料，其脱色效果较差；以交联壳聚糖膜作为吸附剂，其稳定性比单纯壳聚糖膜好，脱色效果优于活性碳．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that