环戊二烯基二羰基铁碘化合物与相应铁负离子反应的再探讨

硅基取代环戊二烯基二羰基铁负离子［η＾５－ＲＣ５Ｈ４Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）２］＾－（Ｒ＝ＳｉＭｅ３，Ｉ；Ｓｉ２Ｍｅ５，Ⅱ）与铁碘化合物（η＾５－Ｃ５Ｈ５）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）２Ｉ反应，除得到新的Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ化合物外，还分离到另两种母体Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ化合物；桥连化合物（η＾５，η＾５－Ｃ５Ｈ４ＳｉＭ３２ＯＳｉＭｅ２Ｃ５Ｈ４）［Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）２Ｉ］２（６）与铁负离子［η＾５－Ｃ５Ｈ５Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）２］＾－（Ⅲ）的反应，仅分离到各     

纺锤型γ－FeOOH的合成及其热分析研究

采用空气氧化ＦｅＳＯ４与Ｎａ２ＣＯ３作用生成的Ｆｅ（ＣＯ３）ｘ（ＯＨ）２（１－ｘ）悬浮液体系，通过稀土离子Ｙ３＋的掺杂合成出均匀纺锤型铁黄γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ微晶．由ＤＴＡ－ＴＧ和ＸＲＤ分析得出γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ随温度升高，发生如下相变过程：γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ→γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３→α－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３．本文还对γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ的脱水过程机制和以γ－ＦｅＯＯＨ为中间体经热处理制备的纺锤形γ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３磁性能作了初步探讨．     

木素磺酸铁(Ⅱ)螯合反应特征及其性质研究

通过磺化木质素与Ｆｅ＾２＋离子反应的反应特征及其产物木素磺酸铁（Ｆｅ－ＬＳ）的水溶性、紫外吸收光谱和分子量分布等性质的研究。表明，Ｆｅ－ＬＳ中的总铁含量高达２３．４％（Ｗ／Ｗ），且表现为Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）形态，其水溶性ｐＨ而变化，在碱性条件下不生成Ｆ３（ＯＨ）３沉淀紫外吸收淡谱显示，Ｆｅ＿ＬＳ在２０５ｎｍ处有一明显上峰，在２６０～２８０ｎｍ间有一肩峰，电观察Ｆｅ－ＬＳ聚合分子为球形和块状，其主要分子量分布     

γ′-Fe3SnN的制备与穆斯堡尔谱研究

热处理（Ｆｅ０．７５Ｓｎ０．２５）Ｃ２Ｏ４．ｎＨＯ可制得单相氮化物γ′－Ｆｅ３ＳｎＮ,其中氮化前的氧化过程,热处理温度和Ｈ２／ＮＨ３气流比是影响产物的３个关键因素。此氮化物的晶格参数为ａ＝０．３８３７１（５）ｎｍ;室温下＾５７Ｆｅ穆堡尔谱为顺磁双峰,低温下谱中显示出铁磁相。     

三草酸根合铁（Ⅲ）酸钾磁化率的测定

报道了用古埃（Ｇｏｕｙ）磁天平法测定Ｋ＿２［Ｆｅ（Ｃ＿２Ｏ＿４Ｏ＿４）＿３］３Ｈ＿２Ｏ摩尔磁化率，磁场强度Ｈ用ＣＴ５型特斯拉计直接测量或由已知单位质量磁化率的莫尔盐（ＮＨ＿４）＿２ＳＯ＿４，·ＦｅＳＯ＿４·６Ｈ＿２Ｏ间接标定，根据测得的摩尔磁化率Ｘ＿Ｍ，求出配合物分子的磁矩Ｕ＿ｍ和未成对电子数，推断Ｋ＿３［Ｆｅ（Ｃ＿２Ｏ＿４）＿３］·３Ｈ＿２Ｏ的配位键类型。     

均匀纺锤形α—FeOOH微晶制备过程

在过程分析的基础上，以Ｎａ２ＣＯ３作为沉淀剂，在ＦｅＳＯ４溶液中形成Ｆｅ（ＯＨ）２－ＦｅＣＯ３沉淀，通入空气氧化制备了均匀纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ微晶。研究了碱比、通气量、温度、浓度、搅拌转速以及加料方式等对制备过程以及纺缍形铁黄形态的影响规律，并制备出粒度为０．２μｍ，轴比为３～４，均匀、无枝杈的纺锤形α－ＦｅＯＯＨ粒子。实验验证了该过程为传质控制。     

FeS2-H2O系综合平衡电势-pH图及其应用

根据综合平衡原理,建立和讨论了一种新型的ＦｅＳ２－Ｈ２Ｏ系电势－ｐＨ图及该体系中溶液态物质的浓度分布函数单质硫只有较小的稳定区且依赖于溶液中含硫物种总浓度Ｃｔ（Ｓ）和Ｈ２Ｓ气体的分压大小,当Ｃｔ（Ｓ）固定时,分压小于某临界值后单质硫的稳定区将消失Ｆｅ２Ｏ３（Ｓ）和ＦｅＳ２（Ｓ）的稳定区均很大,Ｆｅ２Ｏ３的稳定性与溶液中含铁总浓度Ｃｔ（Ｆｅ）有关,而ＦｅＳ２的稳定性与Ｃｔ（Ｓ）、Ｃｔ（Ｆｅ）及Ｈ２Ｓ气体的分压均有关图３,表３,参４     

新型混凝－氧化剂处理含乳化油废水的研究

阐述了以ＡｌＣｌ３·６Ｈ２Ｏ、Ｃａ（ＯＨ）２、漂白精和稳定剂Ｍ为原料研制新型混凝－氧化剂（简称ＲＯＪ）的制备方法及其作用机理．ＲＯＪ用于处理合乳化油废水的实验结果表明；ＣＯＤｃｒ去除率达８０％～８５％，油和浊度去除率达９０％～９５％，与目前常用的混凝剂Ａｌ２（ＳＯ４）３、ＰＡＣ、ＰＦＳ及ＦｅＳＯ４相比，ＲＯＪ具有处理效果好，处理费用低的特点．     

二（四甲基环戊二烯基）四羰基二铁的合成及反应

四甲基环戊二烯与五羰湛铁在二甲苯中加热回流６ｈ，即生成标题化合物１，１与碘在氯仿中反应生成Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ键断裂在铁碘化物（Ｃ５ＨＭｅ４）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）２Ｉ，２，１与氯化汞反应生成Ｆｅ－Ｆｅ键断裂的铁氯汞化物（Ｃ５ＨＭｅ４）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）２ＨｇＣｌ３和铁氯化物（Ｃ５ＨＭｅ４）Ｆｅ（ＣＯ）２Ｃｌ４．１与氯化亚锡反应仅分离到铁氯化物４．以元素分析，ＩＲ和ＨＮＭＲ谱表征化合物１～４的结构。     

Fe（Ⅱ）离子对γ—FeOOH相转化为α—Fe2O3的影响

研究了ＦｅＳＯ４浓度及ｐＨ值（４～８）对γＦｅＯＯＨ在（９９±１）℃下相转化为αＦｅ２Ｏ３的影响．结果表明，Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）／Ｆｅ（Ⅲ）为３％～５％及ｐＨ值为近中性时相转化时间最短．指出Ｆｅ（Ⅱ）离子对γＦｅＯＯＨ的促进作用为ＦｅＯＨ＋吸附在γＦｅＯＯＨ表面使其溶解造成的．     

Dyeing Behavior of Yak Hair Fiber Treated with Microwave Low Temperature Plasma

The scales on the surface of yak hair fiber act as barriers during the dyeing process. In order to solve the scale problem and to improve the dyeability of yak hair, yak hair fiber was treated by microwave low temperature plasma （MLTP） in this study. The weight loss and the dyeing properties of the yak hair fiber modified by MLTP were investigated. Scanning Electron Microscopy （SEM） photographs were taken to observe the changes in the surface shape of yak hair fiber before and after treatment. Results showed that after MLTP treatment, the scale structure of yak hair was weakened and damaged greatly and the noticeable changes on the surface shape took place. At the same time, a significant improvement in dyeing properties of yak hair fiber was exhibited.     

蛋白酶处理牦牛毛的研究

为提高牦毛牛在纺织工业上的利用价值，本文将酶减量加工的工艺应用于牦牛毛进行研究，通过对不同氧化剂，不同蛋白酶的对比研究，发现过氧化氢预处理，再用１３９８中性蛋白酶处理工艺较适合对牦牛毛的加工。加工后的牦牛毛柔软程度有一定提高，增加了它的使用价值。     

蔗渣浆的全无氯漂白工艺

对蔗渣浆采用过氧化氢强化的氧脱木素(OP)-螯合预处理(Q)-压力过氧化氢漂白(PO)的短序漂白,探讨了将蔗渣浆漂至82%ISO和用非硅过氧化氢漂白稳定剂代替硅酸钠用于过氧化氢漂白的可行性.研究表明,非硅过氧化氢稳定剂PP-1与PP-2耐高温、耐高压,可用于压力过氧化氢漂白.OP段氢氧化钠用量为2.0%(相对于绝干浆质量,下同)、过氧化氢用量为0.5%,PO段过氧化氢用量为3.0%、PP-1用量为0.1%、PP-2用量为0.5%时,蔗渣浆采用OPQPO流程漂白后,浆的白度可达到85%ISO.而且OPQPO从根本上消除了可吸附有机卤化物的产生;经测定,漂白废水属于可生物降解废水.     

THE STUDY ON TCF BLEACHING OF NS REED PULP

In this paper, we have researched TCF bleaching on reed pulp including oxygen delignification, oxygen delignification with H2O2 intensification and H2O2 bleaching. The results show that Op-P bleaching process on NS reed pulp is suitable and the brightness of bleached pulp is up to 82% ISO.     

桉木硫酸盐浆TCF漂白的研究

研究桉木硫酸盐浆H2O2强化的氧脱木素效果;研究KMnO4和螯合物对桉木硫酸盐氧漂浆H2O2漂白的改善效果,并对其最佳工艺条件及各种因素对漂白效果的影响进行探讨。结果表明：在氧脱木素过程中加入少量的H2O2,就能起到很好的强化效果;氧漂浆在KMnO4的预处理、DTPA处理后再经过H2O2漂白,可使KP法桉木浆白度达80％以上。     

Effects of temperature,hypoxia, ammonia and nitrate on the bleaching among three coral species

Coral bleaching, which is defined as the loss of colour in corals due to the loss of their symbiotic algae (commonly called zooxanthellae) or pigments or both, is occurring globally at increasing rates, and its harm becomes more and more serious during these two decades. The significance of these bleaching events to the health of coral reef ecosystems is extreme, as bleached corals exhibited high mortality, reduced fecundity and productivity and increased susceptibility to diseases. This decreased coral fitness is easily to lead to reef degradation and ultimately to the breakdown of the coral reef ecosystems. Recently, the reasons leading to coral bleaching are thought to be as follows: too high or too low temperature, excess ultraviolet exposure, heavy metal pollution, cyanide poison and seasonal cycle. To date there has been little knowledge of whether mariculture can result in coral bleaching and which substance has the worst effect on corals. And no research was conducted on the effect of hypoxia on corals. To address these questions, effects of tem- perature, hypoxia, ammonia and nitrate on bleaching of three coral species were studied through examination of morphology and the measurement of the number of symbiotic algae of three coral species Acropora nobilis, Palythoa sp. and Alveopora verrilliana. Results showed that increase in temperature and decrease in dissolved oxygen could lead to increasing number of symbiotic algae and more serious bleaching. In addition, the concentration of 0.001 mmol/L ammonia or nitrate could increase significantly the expulsion of the symbiotic algae of the three coral species. Except for Acropora nobilis, the numbers of symbiotic algae of other two corals did not significantly increase with the increasing concentration of ammonia and nitrate. Furthermore, different hosts have different stress susceptibilities on coral bleaching.     

STUDY ON THE ELEMENTAL CHLORINE FREE BLEACHING OF BAMBOO KRAFT PULP

1INTRODUCTIONChina is a country using the most variety of non-wood fiber raw material and is the largest country producing non-wood fiber pulp and paper in the world[1]. Bamboo is one kind of the main non-wood species for papermaking in China. Although the structure of raw materials for papermaking has being adjusted through increasing the proportion of wood pulp and by effectively utilizing waste paper source, non-wood species will still remain an important fiber resource[1,2].At present…     

STUDY ON FORMAMIDINE SULPHINIC ACID BLEACHING OF POPLAR APMP

Bleaching of poplar APMP with Formamidine sulphinic acid (FAS) was investigated in this paper.The effects of FAS charges, ratio of treatment on the brightness gain, color reduction and pulp strength were studied. A single-stage FAS bleaching was optimized. Under the conditions of 10 % pulp consistency, 60 minutes time and 70℃ reaction temperature and 0.6 %, FAS (on 0.d.pulp), ratio of FAS to NaOH was 2, we produced a bleached pulp with a brightness of 62.3 %(SBD), a brightness gain of 9.2 units.     

九龙牦牛引进到青海大通和甘南地区的适应性观测

１９８８年４～５月对引进到青海大通牛场和甘南藏族自治州的九龙牦牛的适应性、生长发育、生产性能与行为表现等进行了调查、观察和测定，并对其生理指标进行了测定，结果表明，在青海高原的生态条件下，九龙牦牛是适应的，生长发育良好，并表现出良好的产毛绒性能。     

Assessment of coral bleaching using symbiotic zooxanthellae density and satellite remote sensing data in the Nansha Islands,South China Sea

Coral bleaching,characterized by a significant loss of symbiotic zooxanthellae,is the primary cause of mass coral mortality and reef degradation throughout the world.The characteristics,processes,and resistance of corals to bleaching varies significantly and is dependent on environmental conditions.We documented a mass coral bleaching event in June 2007 at the Meiji and Zhubi Reefs,Nansha Islands (NS),South China Sea using ecological surveys and measurement of coral zooxanthellae density and sea surface temperatures (SST).More than 35 species of corals (between 0-20 m in depth) were bleached.These bleached corals accounted for 15.6% of total corals in the investigated quadrats.The branching corals Pocillopora and Acropora were the most vulnerable species whereas the massive corals Porites and Favia were more tolerant of the high SSTs.Surprisingly,we found no evidence of bleaching in Agariciidae corals suggesting that this family is resistant to thermal stresses.The bleached corals had lost 72%-90% of their symbiotic zooxanthellae.Furthermore,corals that had no visual signs of bleaching had also lost 31%-53% of their zooxanthellae suggesting that most corals were experiencing the early stage of bleaching.The monthly mean SST during June 2007 was 30.8°C,the highest since 1998.Based on measurements of SST and the Hotspots and DHW data (NOAA),we conclude that it the extremely high SSTs triggered this coral bleaching event.Our results suggest that the previously accepted temperature thresholds used to predict coral bleaching based on satellite data are likely to underestimate the extent and intensity of coral bleaching,at least in the NS.