渤海某凝析气田平台集中式循环冷却水系统设计及应用

冷却水系统是海上油气田平台重要的公用系统之一，目前渤海海域平台的冷却水系统一般采用海水直接冷却技术，为应对不断突出的海水对设备的腐蚀和海生物堵塞问题，以及提高冷却水系统运行的稳定性，提出一种稳定、高效的集中式循环冷却水系统。通过介绍集中式循环冷却系统的设计方案及在渤海某凝析气田开发项目中的首次应用，为后续海上油气田平台冷却水系统的设计提供借鉴。     

蒸发冷却+干式风机盘管半集中式空调系统探讨

在温湿度独立控制的原理基础之上，根据西北地区的气候特点，提出了干式风机盘管与蒸发冷却相结合的半集中式空调系统，并对该系统的设计过程进行了分析．实例表明，它不仅解决了目前蒸发冷却空调系统中存在的风管尺寸大、难以分室控制等问题，还比直流式全新风系统节省能耗21．9％以上．     

蒸发冷却换热器性能的影响因素

分析间接蒸发冷却系统冷却性能，研究各种因素对冷却效果的影响，如：壁面润湿率、蒸发换热的长度、流体速度、环境湿度以及蒸发率等     

蒸发冷却节能技术在电站冷却系统中的应用研究

介绍了电站冷却系统的特点,着重概述了蒸发冷却技术的工作原理,并分析了蒸发冷却技术应用于电站冷却系统中的可行性及优点,提出采用蒸发式冷凝凝汽系统代替传统湿式冷却系统,或将蒸发式冷凝凝汽器作为夏季尖峰发电时刻空冷电站的并联冷却设备,具有较好节能效果,最后对蒸发冷却技术的应用前景进行了展望.     

表贴式自循环蒸发冷却系统流动不稳定性实验平台的设计及初步

表贴式自循环蒸发冷却技术凭借其高效冷却特点在电力电子设备中拥有广阔的应用前景。为提高冷却系统可靠性,避免在运行过程中流动不稳定性可能产生的不利影响,本文以表贴式自循环蒸发冷却系统流动不稳定性问题为研究目标,搭建相关实验平台,探究表贴式自循环蒸发冷却系统中存在的流动不稳定现象及其发生机制,并分析了系统压力、液位、并联支路数对表贴式自循环蒸发冷却系统流动不稳定性的影响规律。研究结果表明：在表贴式自循环蒸发冷却系统中,增大系统压力、提高系统液位均有助于提高系统的稳定性,这对电力电子模块高效换热冷却方案的选择有借鉴意义。     

非直接蒸发冷却系统

提出一种双侧强化非直接蒸发冷却系统，并对其传热降温特性作了实验研究和全面评价，研究表明，该系统在相对湿度比较小的空气环境中降温效果非常明显，可完全起到空气调节的作用。     

风力发电机浸润式闭环自循环蒸发冷却系统冷启动特性研究

通过不同的时间间隔模拟风力发电机典型间歇运行工况,进行空冷式自循环蒸发冷却系统冷启动实验。分析空冷式自循环蒸发冷却系统启动过程中温度、压力等方面的特性。结果表明,随着时间间隔的增长,空冷式自循环蒸发冷却系统初始压力降低,启动时间延长、系统压力阈值升高、冷却介质循环建立难度增大。由于系统冷却及不凝性气体渗漏等原因造成冷凝管进气变难,空冷冷凝器壁温先下降后上升,总体呈下降趋势,研究结果可为风力发电系统的正常运行提供一定的借鉴与支持。     

干工况风机盘管-半集中式蒸发冷却空调系统

将集中式蒸发冷却空调和风机盘管结合在一起,形成干工况风机盘管-半集中式蒸发冷却空调系统,分析了该空调系统的理论基础,指出温湿度独立控制原理和DOAS的关系.讨论了干工况风机盘管的几种型式,归纳得出了简单的冷量分配计算公式,并在此基础上首次提出了新风比较系数的概念,以期达到简化设计的目的.     

关于蒸发冷却-机械制冷复合空调系统的几点探讨

根据目前的研究状况,蒸发冷却制冷方式必须结合与机械制冷才能够在中等湿度地区和湿度地区达到要求的制冷温度。文章分析了半集中式蒸发冷却-机械制冷复合空调系统各部分的制冷原理,针对中等湿度地区分析各季节空气处理过程。同时,对干工况风机盘管的应用也做了分析,为蒸发冷却制冷方式在中等湿度地区的推广奠定基础。     

燃气轮机进气冷却基于气象条件的经济分析

以济南地区为例,基于气象资料对西门子SGT5—2000E型燃气轮机的蒸发式冷却和吸收式制冷方案进行对比分析,根据投资回收期、净现值等技术经济指标对进气冷却系统进行综合评价。结果发现:燃气轮机的蒸发式冷却系统受气温和相对湿度的影响明显,在考虑运行成本的前提下,喷雾蒸发式冷却系统适用于高温且相对湿度低、水源充足地区,而溴化锂吸收式制冷系统虽不受气象条件限制,但运行成本较高。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that