BST/MgO复合陶瓷的结构和介电性能

采用陶瓷烧结工艺制备了BST/MgO复合陶瓷,研究了不同MgO含量对材料微观结构和介电性能的影响.实验结果表明:BST/MgO复合陶瓷中只存在BST和MgO两相,Mg元素大部分以MgO独立相的形式存在,少部分固溶到BST晶格中;加入MgO有细化晶粒的作用,使晶粒大小更均匀;BST/MgO复合陶瓷比纯BST的相对介电常数和介电损耗均有明显下降,随着MgO质量分数的增加,相对介电常数下降,介电损耗略有增加.当频率为1 MHz,MgO质量分数为20%时,相对介电常数和损耗分别为315和0.004 8.     

锆钛酸钡基陶瓷的制备及性能研究

目的 制备BaZr0.1 Ti0.9 O3基陶瓷.方法 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备BaZr0.1 Ti0.9 O3基陶瓷.利用XRD,TEM和SEM等表征分析了样品的物相及微观形貌,并研究了BaZr0.1 Ti0.9 O3基陶瓷在不同烧结温度下的介电性能.结果 BaZr0.1 Ti0.9 O3基陶瓷的最佳烧结温度为1280℃,此时陶瓷的致密性较好,结晶度高且晶界明显,测试温度在20℃附近且频率为1 k H z时介电常数达到最大为22100,介电损耗较小约为0.0058.结论 不同烧结温度下的BaZr0.1 Ti0.9 O3基陶瓷样品均为单一的四方相钙钛矿结构,样品的平均粒径和最大介电常数随着烧结温度的逐渐升高而呈现出增大的趋势.     

掺杂方式对Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷微结构及性能的影响

采用溶-凝胶法制备Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷粉末,以传统陶瓷制备工艺制备Mg元素掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷．研究MgO掺杂量为1．6％（质量分数）时,MgO固相掺杂和Mg计湿化学法掺杂两种不同的掺杂方式对Mg掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷显微结构及电学性能的影响．研究结果表明,当Mg掺杂量相同时,掺杂方式对Mg掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3。陶瓷的显微结构和电学特性有显著的影响,相比纯的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷,两种掺杂方式中,Mg2＋湿化学法掺杂相对于MgO固相掺杂,在BSZT陶瓷中的分布更均匀,替位程度更高,所以其对介电常数的影响也相对更大．而MgO固相掺杂相对于Mg2＋湿化学法掺杂明显地促进了陶瓷晶粒的生长,提高了陶瓷的致密性,同时其击穿电场和电阻率也有较大提高．1350℃下烧结的固相MgO掺杂的Mg：Ba0．3Sr0．7Zr0．18Ti0．82O3陶瓷性能较优,介电常数约为590,介电损耗低于0．0005,电阻率为7．78×10^13Ω·mm,击穿场强为6．56kV／mm．     

液固混合烧结制备渗流型镍锌铁氧体/钛酸钡复相陶瓷

利用自燃烧法制备Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4粉体,利用溶胶凝胶法配制BaTiO3溶胶,通过BaTiO3溶胶混合Ni0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4粉体烧结制备得到xNi0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/(1-x)BaTiO3复合粉体,再将其压成片状或环状后,在不同温度下成功烧结制备了渗流型复相陶瓷.研究了xNi0.5Zn0.5Fe2O4/(1-x)BaTiO3中镍锌铁氧体的摩尔分数x对陶瓷介电性能和磁性能的影响,结果表明:当x≤0.5时,复合体系与传统渗流型复合材料相似,介电常数随着x的增加呈指数性增长;当x0.5时,复相陶瓷在低频下的介电常数基本上不随x变化而变化,稳定在10 kF/m左右;随着x从0.5增加到0.9,磁导率可从5 H/m升高至18 H/m.很明显,利用液固混合烧结方法,可以制备得到一种同时具有高介电常数和一定磁导率的复相陶瓷.     

高介电陶瓷CaCu3Ti4O12的制备及性能研究

对CaCu3Ti4O12陶瓷的制备及性能进行了研究,X射线衍射分析结果表明:将混和、研磨好的粉料在900℃和950℃预烧后获得了CaCu3Ti4O12单相粉料.通过合成过程的成分变化,对CaCu3Ti4O12陶瓷粉末的具体合成过程作出了表述.将预烧后的粉末压制成型,在不同的温度下烧结,介电测试结果表明,1 075℃烧结的CaCu3Ti4O12多晶陶瓷的相对介电常数最高,最高值可达1.23×105;1 060℃烧结的CaCu3Ti4O12多晶陶瓷的介电损耗最小,最小值为0.076.从SEM照片可以看出,1 060℃烧结的陶瓷晶粒均匀细小,粒度不超过5μm,致密性良好;1 075℃烧结的陶瓷呈现大块粘连状态,只在少数区域看到平均粒径超过10 μm的晶粒群.可见CaCu3Ti4O12陶瓷的介电性能与晶粒尺寸有着很大的关系.     

0.85PZN-0.10BT-0.05PT陶瓷烧结工艺及性能

采用二次合成法制备了 0 .85Pb(Zn1/3Nb2 /3) O3 0 .1 0 Ba Ti O3 0 .0 5Pb Ti O3弛豫铁电陶瓷 ,探讨了烧结温度对陶瓷相结构和晶粒的影响 ,优化了烧结工艺 ,并在此基础上研究了陶瓷的介电性能和电致伸缩性能。结果表明 ,陶瓷中钙钛矿相的含量随烧结温度的升高而不断增加 ,而升高预烧温度对提高钙钛矿相的结构稳定性不利。优化烧结工艺后 ,获得了 1 0 0 %钙钛矿相的陶瓷 ,其峰值介电常数为 60 67,在电场为 2 0 0 0 V/ mm时电致应变可达 5.5× 1 0 -4 。     

烧结温度对BaCu3Ti4O12介电性能的影响

利用固相反应法在950℃预烧结、不同烧结温度条件下制备了BaCu3Ti4O12（BCTO）陶瓷样品,测量了各样品在不同频率下的介电常数和介电损耗随温度的变化关系,发现BCTO的介电常数比BaCu3Ti4O12的介电常数小。容差因子计算发现BCTO的晶体结构容易畸变,XRD图分析表明样品中除了舍有BCTO晶相外,还舍有Cu3TiO5和Cu3TiO4等杂质,从而大大降低了BCTO的介电常数。     

水热前驱体法低温合成Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3-PbTiO3

目的制备纯钙钛矿相的Pb(Mg1/2W1/2)O3-PbTiO3(PMW-PT)陶瓷。方法以Mg(Ac)2·4H2O,Pb(Ac)2.4H2O,Na2WO4·3H2O和Ti(OC4H9)4为原料,NaOH调节反应体系的pH值9～13,在200℃下12 h水热合成PMW-PT前驱体,通过煅烧该前驱体制备纯钙钛矿相的PMW-PT粉体。通过XRD分析研究水热处理温度、反应时间、溶液pH值以及煅烧温度对PMW-PT相和中间产物Pb2TiWO7相生成过程的影响。结果水热处理的粉体转化为钙钛矿相PMW-PT最佳煅烧温度为800℃,压片后1 000℃烧结2 h制备的PMW-PT陶瓷,介电常数为12 067(1 kHz)。结论与固相法和半化学法相比,这种方法制备的钙钛矿PMW-PT粉体在较低的温度下生成,而且陶瓷的介电常数较高。     

BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3陶瓷的制备及其介电性能

目的研究钛过量对溶胶-凝胶法制备的掺钕钛酸钡粉体及其陶瓷的相组成、显微结构和介电性能的影响。方法采用溶胶-凝胶法制备BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷，通过TEM，SEM，XRD等对钛酸钡基纳米晶粉体及其陶瓷的相组成和显微结构进行了表征，并测定陶瓷的介电性能。结果溶胶-凝胶法合成出BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体(35—50nm)，主晶相为立方相，在1350℃／2h烧结后为四方相细晶陶瓷，其居里温度为100℃，最大介电常数为8596，介电损耗为0．014。结论溶胶-凝胶法可制得BaNd0.01Ti1.02O3纳米晶粉体及其细晶陶瓷，钛过量可改善陶瓷的微观形貌和介电性能。     

烧结温度对LaMgAl_（11）O_（19）-Al_2O_3复相陶瓷的致密度和显微形貌的影响

以自制LaMgAl11O19（LMA）片状晶和α-Al2O3粉体为原料,采用无压烧结工艺在不同温度（1500℃、1550℃、1600℃、1650℃）下制备了LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷,研究了烧结温度对LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷的体积密度和显微形貌的影响。结果表明,LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷的体积密度随烧结温度的升高呈先降低后升高的变化趋势,当烧结温度为1650℃时可制备获得较为致密的LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷,添加10wt%的LMA片状晶对LMA-Al2O3复相陶瓷的致密度没有明显影响,但LMA片状晶的加入能够起到使Al2O3晶粒细化的作用。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-