儿童解决三项系列问题的心理模型

首次从Ｐｉａｇｅｔ文献中发掘出了Ｐｉａｇｅｔ关于儿童解决传递性关系推理问题的心理模型．并在此基础上评述了国外关于儿童解决三项系列问题的心理模型的研究，提出了解决三项系列问题的枢纽项模型的设想．     

大面积提高初中物理教学质量的思考

“普九”的实施,给提高教学质量带来了一定的困难。要在完成“普九”任务的前提下大面积提高初中物理教学质量, 必须把握好三个教学环节:(1)精讲原理和概念;(2)反复训练,强化记忆;(3)注重培养学生灵活运用知识的能力。     

意识因素在解题迁移中作用的实验研究

通过实验,解题者对具有结构共同性的平面几何迁移题与原题之间存在着共性关系的意识水平对解题迁移的影响得到了验证。结果表明,解题者对具有内在联系的先后问题之间共性关系的意识水平是影响解题迁移的因素之一,且问题难度与意识水平在影响解题迁移时有交互作用;学生的推理能力与平面几何成绩之间存在正相关;但意识水平与推理能力在影响平面几何解题迁移时没有交互作用。     

解决类似平面几何问题的意识水平在迁移中的作用

通过实验,解题者对具有结构共同性的平面几何迁移题与原题之间存在着共性关系的意识水平对解题迁移的影响得到了验证.结果表明,解题者对具有内在联系的先后问题之间共性关系的意识水平是影响解题迁移的因素之一,且问题难度与意识水平在影响解题迁移时有交互作用;学生的推理能力与平面几何成绩之间存在正相关;但意识水平与推理能力在影响平面几何解题迁移时没有交互作用.     

控制变量能力的研究进展

从皮亚杰的研究入手,介绍了关于儿童控制变量能力的一些研究,大致包括三个方面:(1)儿童控制变量能力发展的研究;(2)影响儿童控制变量的因素;(3)控制变量能力是否可习得以及训练是否有效。     

维—汉双语小学儿童数学能力发展特征研究

文章采用《中国儿童青少年心理发育特征》量表,对507名二至六年级维-汉双语小学儿童进行数学能力发展情况的评估,探讨了维-汉双语儿童数学能力的发展规律及其特征。结果发现:(1)维-汉双语小学生数学能力发展总体呈上升趋势,具体来看有些维度上三、四年级之前发展波动比较大,四年级之后基本处于稳定上升趋势;(2)不同学校之间的差异在低年级比较小,而到了高年级在更多的维度上出现了差异;(3)非常规问题解决能力在四年级快速发展,之后呈稳定的发展趋势;空间与图形能力虽在二年级之后下降,在五年级开始有所回升,但是从二年级到六年级基本上没有太多的提高;(4)在数学推理维度上男生优于女生,其余维度上女生优于男生。     

法律逻辑与法律人职业技能培养

法律人的职业技能主要有法律语言的口头与文字表达、分析与解决法律问题的能力和法律技术三个方面。法律逻辑学对概念、定义、推理、论证等的研究对于法律执业能力的培养和形成起着重要作用。     

动态整合视野下英国青少年运动能力发展模式优化研究——基于LTAD和YPD两种模式比较

通过对促进英国青少年运动能力发展的两种主流模式LTAD与YPD进行文献整理与归纳、分析,得出如下结论:(1)青少年运动能力长期发展模式(Long-Term Athletic Development)依据生物年龄划分儿童及青少年不同训练阶段,这种机械式划分方法和分类思想具有明显的理论局限性,未能根据青少年的身心发展特征,灵活区分不同训练阶段.但是此模式将青少年的身高增长峰值与体重增长峰值纳入到体现青少年生长发育程度的重要监控指标中,部分弥补了仅依靠生物年龄对青少年运动能力发展阶段进行划分的局限.(2)青少年体能发展整合模式(Youth Physical Development)是遵循青少年身心发展规律和发育特点的运动素质发展的新途径,旨在提升青少年基本运动能力和竞技表现的系统整合效果,通过长期的动态监控和科学的导向辅助青少年运动能力的持续发展.此模式的核心理念是力量、基本动作技能、速度和灵敏素质这四项运动能力为儿童时期训练的靶向内容,而对于专项运动技能、爆发力、肌纤维肥大的发展则是青春期的重中之重.(3)基于LTAD与YPD模式比较视野下,文章对体现青少年运动能力的6项指标,包括力量素质、速度素质、灵敏素质、位移能力、耐力素质与代谢能力进行系统分析,总结得出各项素质的发展敏感期、不同素质能力间的交互影响关系及各项素质的科学发展方法.     

给化合物命名

以下两个问题需要使用代数推理,和摩尔、原子量、化学式等普通化学较重要方而概念的运用.问题一:已知一摩尔化合物 A_xB_yC.(1)式量是702.(2)所包含的29摩尔原子中,A 摩尔原子是 B 摩尔原子的三分之一,C 摩尔原子是 B 摩尔原子的3.5倍.(3)所含B 是312克。假如 B 的原子量是 A 原子量的1.925倍,这个化合物 A_xB_YC_z 的名称是什么?     

对不同管理体制幼儿园儿童入学语言准备的研究

本研究分别抽取了四川省的绵阳、南充和自贡三个地级市,其中,每个地级市分为教育部门办园、事业单位办园、企业办园、乡镇办园,机关及其他部门办园等五种不同管理体制的幼儿园。采用个别施测的方式对幼儿的语言入学准备现状进行了调查研究。研究结果表明:(1)不同管理体制幼儿园的儿童在语言入学准备上差异性显著;(2)不同管理体制幼儿园的儿童在语言准备能力上的差异性与办园主体的教育观念,以及幼儿教师对儿童语言入学准备的重视程度等有显著的相关性;(3)除乡镇办园性质的儿童外,教育部门办园性质的儿童在语言学习品质评价上的表现水平相对较好,而企业办园、事业单位办园,机关及其他部门办园性质的儿童在语言学习品质评价上均存在着不同程度的问题。不同管理体制幼儿园的儿童在语言入学准备上的差异性与幼儿本身的发展状况,政府对幼儿园的财政投入等有着显著的相关性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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