AZ31镁合金的超塑性研究

在温度为400～440℃、应变速率为10-2～10-4 s-1的范围内研究AZ31镁合金的超塑性.结果表明,当应变速率不小于5×10-3 s-1时,AZ31镁合金的超塑性伸长率随着温度的升高而增大.对应变速率敏感指数和拉伸试样的宏观断裂特征分析表明,应变速率敏感指数是影响超塑性的主要因素.当应变速率不大于5×10-4 s-1时,AZ31镁合金在420℃时具有最大伸长率.对断裂试样的颈缩现象和断口空洞的SEM分析表明,空洞是影响超塑性的主要因素.     

变形路径对08Al钢板成形过程中塑性损伤的影响

本文用扫描电镜研究了08Al钢板成形过程中不同变形路径下的损伤形核和损伤演变。结果表明,微空洞核发生在碳化物——基体界面、晶界和晶内。单向拉伸和平面应变的塑性损伤受空洞生长控制,双向拉伸的塑性损伤受空洞形核控制。     

真应力—应变的定义及其力学特征

材料的真应力和真应变与常用的工程应力-应变有明显的差异,作者从真应力和真应变的定义出发,论述了塑性材料在轴向拉伸条件下变形过程的力学行为,阐明了应变硬化、最大均匀真塑性应变、应变硬化指数的相互关系,真应力-应变曲线直观地反映了材料拉伸变形时的应变硬化行为,其数学表达式为Hollomon公式,由拉伸实验得到的logσ-logε曲线的斜率即为应变硬化指数,其数值与材料拉伸变形时的最大均匀应变相等,是衡量材料塑性均匀变形能力的力学指标。     

岩土工程非线性模糊随机损伤

针对非确定损伤理论在非线性损伤力学研究中的空白,基于3种典型模糊损伤分布:降半分布、秋千分布和组合秋千分布,提出了服从β分布平面应变各向异性初始模糊随机损伤场,推演了损伤矢量临界值算法及平面应变损伤有效张量和模糊随机有效弹性矩阵族.由损伤材料粘-弹-塑性应变率演化通式,修正了Mohr-Coulomb损伤破坏准则下粘-弹...     

间断变形工艺提高AZ31镁合金超塑性的研究

研究间断变形工艺对AZ31镁合金超塑性的影响.结果表明,当温度为400～440℃、应变速率小于5×10-4 s-1时,间断变形工艺可以显著提高AZ31镁合金的超塑性.计算了空洞体积分数与空洞数量的关系.结果表明,空洞体积分数与空洞数量呈正比.对拉伸试样断口形貌的分析表明,间断变形减少了空洞数量,因而减小了空洞体积分数,提高了超塑性伸长率.     

ZE10镁合金板的超塑变形行为

为研究ZE10镁合金板的超塑性能及超塑性变形过程中的组织演化特征,在200~400℃下以5.5×10-4~2.2×10-2s-1的应变速率对ZE10镁合金板进行了高温拉伸试验,并对其微观组织进行了分析.结果表明:ZE10镁合金板在350和400℃拉伸时具有良好的超塑性.在350和400℃下以5.5×10-4s-1的应变速率拉伸,延伸率分别为227%和270%.ZE10镁合金板的原始晶粒大小为25~30μm,在超塑性变形过程中晶粒大小无显著变化,显微组织为等轴晶组织.超塑性试样拉断时,断口具有典型的空洞形貌特征.     

高温拉伸真应力-真应变计算分析软件开发

为从材料拉伸实验的位移-载荷图得到真应力-真应变曲线,开发只需输入拉伸机的位移、载荷、试样原始半径、伸长率、断面收缩率、标距等参数,即可得出材料高温拉伸状态下的真应力-真应变曲线的软件.结果表明,该软件能够准确得到材料高温拉伸状态的真应力-真应变曲线,克服实验条件为高温下引伸计不能添加的问题,建立部分金属材料的真应力-真应变曲线数据库.工程技术人员可以用该软件(TTCAS)分析材料在高温状态下的拉伸力学性能.     

316L奥氏体不锈钢焊接热影响区性能

为了研究 316 L 焊接热影响区性能 ,采用特定的热、应力、应变模拟控制曲线 ,对其在 2 0℃、6 0 0℃、10 0 0℃及 110 0℃几种温度下进行热模拟拉伸试验 ,获得了此种材料在多种应变速率下的应力 -应变曲线 .结果表明 ,在一定的应变速率下 ,316 L 的弹性模量 E及屈服极限 σ0 .2 都随温度升高明显降低 ;在室温及高温下 ,316 L 存在着 σ0 .2 随应变速率提高而提高的应变率效应 ,且应变率敏感性随温度升高而增加 .同时 ,还观察到 316 L在高温 (10 0 0℃和110 0℃ )塑性状态下由粘塑性引起的应力松弛现象及室温下的加工硬化现象 .     

强冲击荷载作用下混凝土材料动态力学特性及本构模型

基于连续损伤力学理论、统计细观理论和Perzyna黏塑性本构方程, 构造了一个塑性与损伤相耦合的本构模型来描述混凝土材料在强冲击载荷作用下的应力-应变响应特性. 在该模型中假设: 1) 宏观上混凝土材料是一个均匀连续体, 而从细观分析其内部则包含了大量随机分布的微裂纹和微空洞等损伤缺陷; 2) 混凝土材料的损伤演化是由其内部拉伸应力作用下微裂纹扩展的累积而引起的, 导致了材料强度和刚度的弱化; 3) 随着微空洞的塌陷, 混凝土材料内部产生了不可恢复的塑性变形, 体积模量也相应增加, 将这一过程看作是微空洞损伤的演化发展; 4) 微裂纹和微空洞损伤之间不发生相互作用; 5) 当裂纹扩展累积到一定程度时, 混凝土材料发生粉碎性破坏. 利用实验结果确定模型所需参数, 并将利用该模型得到的模拟曲线与实验测试曲线进行比较, 结果表明两者较一致.     

纳米线高应变率拉伸超塑性

应用分子动力学方法,采用嵌入势EAM与Buckingham势,对金属Cu、半导体化合物CuInSe2和陶瓷化合物MgO纳米线进行拉伸模拟,考察其拉伸应力-应变曲线,并分析拉伸过程中的结构变化.发现当以高于临界应变率的速率对纳米线进行拉伸时,纳米线由脆性断裂向韧性断裂转变,且其延伸率可以超过100%,表现出超塑性的特性,而以较低应变率拉伸时,纳米线仍然表现为脆性断裂,这表明纳米线材料的超塑性对于应变率高度敏感.通过观察纳米线在拉伸过程中的结构变化,发现高应变率拉伸时由于CuInSe2与Cu纳米线晶体结构发生非晶化,在这一转变过程中大量能量被吸收,因而导致其塑性变好.而MgO纳米线则发生面心立方结构向环形结构的相变,相变的发生同样导致了能量的吸收,从而使其塑性大大改善.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that