瓦斯抽放煤层增透深孔聚能爆破钻孔参数

以焦作煤业集团九里山矿煤层深孔聚能爆破试验为基础,利用数值模拟分析了爆破煤体应力变化规律,发现聚能爆破效应导致应力峰值增大,扩大了煤体裂隙区范围.同时对聚能爆破钻孔参数进行优化,确定了合理的炮孔直径、爆破孔间距、爆破孔与邻近抽放孔及煤层顶底板间距.现场试验结果表明:优化的钻孔参数不仅使聚能爆破增透效果显著而且保证了爆破过程的安全.     

高瓦斯煤层深孔预裂爆破增透数值模拟试验

为了解决高瓦斯低透气性煤层的瓦斯抽放难题,利用数值模拟和现场测试相结合的方法,研究了深孔预裂爆破技术对高瓦斯低透气性煤层的卸压增透效果.研究结果再现了爆破过程中,动压冲击震裂、应力波传播与叠加及爆生气体驱动裂纹扩展的整个过程,分析了爆破孔间距对爆生裂纹和增透效果的影响,提出了高瓦斯低透气性煤层深孔预裂爆破的合理间距,表明深孔预裂爆破技术有效地提高了煤层透气性和瓦斯抽采率.该成果为高瓦斯低透气性煤层的瓦斯抽放提出了解决方案.     

西山矿区煤层顺层孔CO_2爆破增透试验研究

为提高西山矿区煤层透气性,缩短瓦斯抽采达标时间,分析了煤层顺层孔CO_2预裂增透技术可行性,模拟了CO_2预裂增透半径。研究结果表明:CO_2爆生气体计算压力大于围岩作用下煤体强度,CO_2爆破煤层增透具备技术可行性;数值模拟显示,经过CO_2预裂爆破后,预裂效果最好的是屯兰矿2#煤,煤层裂隙半径4.20m,其次是屯兰矿8#煤,煤层裂隙半径3.90m,再次是马兰矿8#煤,煤层裂隙半径3.45m,最后是东曲矿8#煤,煤层裂隙半径3.30m;现场试验表明,东曲矿8#煤爆破孔间距按6.5m布置,压裂区平均单孔抽采纯流量是未压裂区的3.2倍。     

深孔聚能爆破煤层增透爆破参数研究

针对低透气煤层聚能爆破增透技术参数问题,在装药直径一定的条件下,设计了不同装药系数和爆破间距的爆破孔并进行现场试验,对比分析爆破前后爆破影响区瓦斯纯量变化,考察了爆破参数对煤层增透效果的影响.结果表明,通过控制爆破孔径向装药不耦合系数、轴向装药长度、封孔可靠性和爆破作用次数等因素可提高煤层增透效果.     

深孔预裂爆破增透技术在井筒揭煤中的应用研究

为了增加煤层透气性、提高瓦斯抽采率、消除煤层突出危险性,通过数值模拟和现场试验的方法,对深孔预裂爆破煤层增透技术在低透气性高瓦斯煤层中的应用进行了系统研究,得出了煤岩不同的力学性质和控制孔的导向作用。通过对两个爆破孔与控制孔应力云图、裂隙图的数值模拟,再现了应力波在煤岩体中的传播与衰减规律,以及煤岩体裂隙的扩展变化过程。最后,在谢桥矿13-1煤层实施深孔预裂爆破试验,试验表明采用该技术显著增大了煤体透气性,提高了瓦斯抽采浓度和抽采量,故而是一种经济可行的对于防治低透气性高瓦斯煤层突出的方案。     

高应力低渗透煤层预裂爆破过程中控制孔作用

在深孔控制预裂爆破增加煤体透气性过程中,控制孔所起的导向致裂作用受地应力的影响程度通过理论分析相对复杂。针对这一情况,采用数值计算方法模拟爆炸波与爆生气体在煤体内的传播致裂过程和控制孔临空面的反射叠加导向致裂过程,研究高、低地应力情况下控制孔的导向致裂增透作用。结果表明:高地应力煤层深孔预裂控制爆破时,控制孔主要起到卸压孔和抽放孔的作用,其导向致裂效应不如低地应力情况下的显著;控制孔尺寸越大,煤体爆破后控制孔周围煤体裂隙区范围越大;深孔爆破增透技术在高应力低透煤层的增透防突中仍可获得较好的增透效果。     

过大落差断层深孔预裂爆破合理孔距研究

针对新巨龙煤矿2302N工作面过大落差断层问题深孔预裂爆破合理孔距进行研究。基于相关研究,阐述了深孔预裂爆破裂隙区的作用机理和发育规律,分析了深孔预裂爆破裂隙区的计算方法,提出了根据深孔预裂爆破裂隙区贯通并部分重叠确定孔距的方法;通过数值模拟,分析了爆破后裂隙区的扩展和重叠情况,结合理论计算最终将试验区炮孔间距确定为1.5 m。经现场试验。取得了较好的爆破效果,验证了选取孔距方法的合理性,极大提高了工作面过断层的效率。     

低渗透煤层合增透技术应用

为增加低渗透高瓦斯煤层的透气性,提高瓦斯利用率和抽采效率,提出低渗透煤层复合增透的方法.利用RFPA2D-Flow和FLAC3D软件分别对水力压裂裂缝的起裂、延伸与扩展规律和CO_2增透钻孔内提前制造不同长度的预裂缝对爆破致裂增透效果的影响情况进行模拟.进行井下复合增透效果工业试验,运用瓦斯压力降低法分析预裂后煤层瓦斯抽采半径.结果表明:模拟注水压裂27 PMa时,割缝半径约2 m,随着煤壁预裂缝长度增加,CO_2爆破致裂影响半径呈线性递增的趋势.现场复合增透后煤层抽采率显著提高,有效半径由原来单一水力压裂的2 m增加到7 m左右.     

煤层深孔预裂爆破卸压增透效果数值模拟分析

针对高瓦斯低透气性煤层,对深孔预裂爆破进行了数值模拟分析研究。再现了爆破过程中,动压冲击震裂、应力波传播与叠加以及爆生气体驱动裂纹扩展的整个过程,系统地分析了控制孔与爆破孔对于爆破卸压增透效果的影响,提出了高瓦斯低透气性煤层深孔预裂爆破的合理间距,为高瓦斯低透气性煤层的瓦斯抽采效率提出了解决方案。深孔预裂爆破为高瓦斯低透气性煤层增透、进而解决高瓦斯低透气性煤层瓦斯抽采难题提供了一条有效的途径。     

CO_2气爆含控制孔煤层裂隙演化颗粒流模拟

CO_2深孔预裂爆破是实现低透煤层瓦斯抽采的重要煤层增透技术手段。为更加准确地分析CO_2气爆作用下煤层裂隙演化规律,解决CO_2爆破过程存在非连续、大变形的问题,基于颗粒流方法(PFC)建立细观数值模型。通过将CO_2气爆应力波等效为半球面谐振波,分析CO_2气爆作用下煤层颗粒速度场;以颗粒膨胀加载法和动边界条件处理法,应用PFC2D构建二维数值模拟模型,分析CO_2气爆含控制孔煤层裂隙演化规律。结果表明:CO_2爆破应力波入射过程中,钻孔边界发生明显的动力效应,自孔周呈现推进式破坏区;煤层埋深增加,起裂压力增大,主裂纹形成后裂隙扩展范围增大;设置控制孔能有效加速裂隙发育,裂隙扩展深度和影响范围均有显著增加。该模拟可以解释爆破应力波的传播规律和描述煤岩体的动力破坏过程。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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