The isolation of dehydrodiisoeugenol from the aril ofMyristica fragrans Houtt

Résumé On a pu isoler le déshydrodiisoeugénol de l'arille deMyristica fragrans Houtt. (fleur de muscade).

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Acknowledgments. The authors wish to express their thanks to Dr.W. D. Jamieson and MrD. Embree of the Atlantic Regional Laboratory for the mass spectroscopic data and to Dr.E. von Rudloff and Mr.W. C. Haid of the Prairie Regional Laboratory (Saskatoon) for the 100 MHz NMR data.     

Antiviral substances in starfish

Zusammenfassung Eine Gruppe von teilweise chemisch charakterisierten Verbindungen, welche die Vermehrung des Influenza-Virus in Huhnembryo-Test verhindern, wurde aus den SeesternenAsterias forbesi, Asterias pectinifera undAcanthaster planci isoliert.

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This research was supported by the N.S.F. Sea-Grant Program. The author thanks Dr.H. W. Younken Jr. and Dr.L. R. Worthen for their encouragement and suggestions throughout this work. Thanks are also due to Dr.Hashimoto, Tokyo University, and Dr.Yasumoto, Tohoku University, for the specimen ofAsterina pectinifera, and Dr.B. M. Branham, University of Hawaii, forAcanthaster planci sample. The antiviral test was carried out by Dr.O. Liu, Northeast Shellfish Sanitation Research Center, D. H. E. W., Narragansett, Rhode Island, to whome the author expresses his sincere gratitude.     

Solid phase synthesis and some pharmacological properties of 8-glutamine-oxytocin: a possible intermediate in the evolution of the neurohypophysial hormones

Zusammenfassung Die erstmalige Synthese des Peptidhormons 8-Glutamin-Oxytocin wird beschrieben. Das synthetische Peptid ist mit einem anderen Peptid des Dornhaies von noch ungeklärter Struktur nicht identisch.

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(a) This work was supported in part by a Studentship (to J.W.M.B.) and a Grant (to M.M.) from the Medical Research Council of Canada, an award (to T.C.W.) from the Banting Research Foundation, a National Science Foundation Grant No. GB 4932 and a General Research Support Grant to Columbia University from the National Institutes of Health. (b) An abstract of this work was presented at the 5th Annual Meeting of the Federation of European Biochemical Societies, July, 1968; M.Manning, T. C.Wuu, J. W. M.Baxter and W. H.Sawyers, FEBS 1968 Meeting, Prague, Abstr.824, p. 206.     

The chemical basis of the color dimorphism of an aphid,Macrosiphum liriodendri (monell), and a locust,Amblycorypha sp. Novel carotenoids

Zusammenfassung Der Unterschied in der Färbung von rosa und grünen Varianten der BlattlausMacrosiphum liriodendri beruht auf Unterschieden der Carotinoid-Fraktionen. Einige dieser Carotinoide gehören zu Typen, die bisher nur in Mikroorganismen angetroffen worden sind, was Verschiedenheit in Art oder biosynthetischer Aktivität von Mikrosymbionten als Ursache des Pigmentierungs-Dimorphismus vermuten lässt. Die Färbung der seltenen rosa Variante der HeuschreckeAmblycorypha scheint durch einen Carotinoid-Protein-Komplex bedingt zu sein.

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The authors are indebted to Dr. S.Liaaen-Jensen for identification of our carotenoids, advice on chromatographic techniques, and advance information on her pigment P-444, to Dr.Louise M.Russell for taxonomic identification of the aphid species, to Dr. D. W.Cameron for that of the aphinin, and To Mr. W. E.Comstock for mass spectra.     

Oxygen consumption of genetically obese rats

Zusammenfassung Der Sauerstoffverbrauch genetisch fettleibiger Ratten ist auffallend niedriger als derjenige von Normalratten (littermates), die nach Hypothalamusverletzung fettleibig wurden.

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J.Mayer, R. E.Russell, M. W.Bates and M. M.Dickie, Endocrinology56, 318 (1952).

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The author thanks Dr. E. B.Astwood for his continuing support and encouragement.     

Antibiotics from higher plants.Thalictrum rugosum. Thalrugosamine,a newBisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid active vsMycobacterium smegmatis

Zusammenfassung Charakterisierung und Strukturaufklärung eines neuen Alkaloides, Thalrugosamin ausThalictrum rugosum.

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Acknowledgment. The authors are indebted to the Warren-Teed Division of Rohm and Haas and the NIH (No. AI 09846) for financial support,Rodger White (Warren-Teed) andFrank W. Denison (Abbott Laboratories) for biological data andRueyping Leu for expert technical assistance.     

Über die Herkunft der Isovaleriansäure im Magnamycin

Summary L-Leucine is the precursor of the isovaleric acid in magnamycin, as could be demonstrated withL-Leucine-[U-¹⁴].

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IX. Mitt. Zur Biogenese der Makrolide. VIII. Mitt.W. Hofheinz, H. Grisebach undH. Friebolin, Tetrahedron, im Druck.     

Attraction of the male house fly to cuticular hydrocarbons and feces of several other dipteran species

Zusammenfassung Männchen vonMusca domestica werden von Kohlenwasserstoffextrakten aus der Cuticula weiblicherMusca domestica, M. autumnalis undHaematobia irritan angelockt (gleiche oder ähnliche Pheromone), nicht aber von entsprechenden Extrakten ausStomoxys calitrans, Glossina morsitans, G. austeni, Fannia canicularis undCochliomyia hominivorax.

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The authors thankDr. P. A. Langley, University of Bristol, for his geneous aid in providing cuticular washes and feces of tsetse flies;Dr. C. M. Jones, USDA, for face fly samples;Dr. R. L. Harris, USDA, for horn fly samples;Dr. B. G. Hightower and R. R. Grabbe, USDA, for screwworm samples andDr. W. M. Rogoff, USDA, for little house fly samples.     

Preparation of specific antiserum againstRana esculenta pre-α lens crystallin

Summary Specific antiserum againstRana esculenta lens pre- crystallin was prepared in a rabbit by injecting antigen-antibody precipitate of this crystallin obtained from immunoelectrophoresis ofesculenta total soluble lens proteins against homologous antiserum.Acknowledgments. We thank Mr.A. Wachter for the excellent technical help, Mr.Th. Hulskes and Mr.A. M. v. Egeraat for the illustrations and finally Dr.W. E. Hawkins for valuable discussion.     

On the stability of bilirubin

Riassunto Gli autori hanno studiato l'azione della luce sulla stabilità della bilirubina in soluzione alcalina e in soluzione cloroformica. Viene proposto, in via generate, un meccanismo del primo ordine per la trasformazione della bilirubina in pigmenti verdinoidi, sia per le soluzioni irradiate, sia per quelle conservate al buio.

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Research carried out with CNR financial support. A report on this investigation, with more detailed experimental data, has been published in Acta medica romana (Annali della Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia dell'Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore in Roma)2, 192 (1964).

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We are indebted to Prof. P.Fasella, University of Rome, and to Prof. A.Vaciago, Sacred Heart Catholic University Medical School, for their helpful suggestions and constructive criticisms. One of us (I. W. de E.) is also grateful to Prof. Ing. W. S.Hill, University of Montevideo, for his suggestion to her to investigate bilirubin spectroscopically.     

Rates of ethiodide formation and the stereochemistry of ajmaline at C-21

Résumé Les auteurs ont mesuré les vitesses de réaction entre l'ajmaline plus dérivés et l'iodure d'éthyle. Les conclusions stéréochimiques deTaylor au C-21 en ont été confirmées.

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For previous papers on rates of quaternary iodide formation of alkaloids see (a)M. Shamma and J. B. Moss, J. Amer. chem. Soc.83, 5038 (1961) and (b)M. Shamma andE. F. Walker Jr., Chem. & Ind.1962, 1866.

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Acknowledgments. The authors wish to thank Dr.W. I. Taylor of CIBA Pharmaceutical Company for the generous gift of the compounds used in this study, and the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. GM-10608-01) for financial assistance.     

On the inhibition of alcoholic fermentation inBrettanomyces yeasts under anaerobic conditions

Zusammenfassung Der «negative Pasteureffekt» inBrettanomyces-Hefen kann durch O₂, Gärprodukte der Hefen, Diäthyläther, Aldehyde, Ketone und andere Carbonylverbindungen, sowie durch DPN beseitigt werden.

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The author expresses his thanks to Prof.T. Wikén for stimulating interest, to Mr.C. J. E. A. Bulder for kindly supplying the respiration-deficient strain ofBr. claussenii, and to MissH. Brakman for valuable technical assistance. The author is indebted to the Koninklijke Nederlandsche Gist- en Spiritusfabriek N. V., Delft, for a gift of pure DPN and DPNH. Part of the work was supported by the Delfts Hogeschoolfonds and by the Netherlands Organization for Pure Research (Z. W. O.).     

A novel tetracyclic sesquiterpene from the oil of orejuela ofCymbopetalum penduliforum (Dunal)

Résumé De l'éther de pétrole extrait de l'huile de l'Orejula (Cymbopetalum penduliforum Dunal, Baill) fut examiné pour son contenu en terpènes. On a isolé les sesquiterpènes tétracycliques (ishwarone). L'évidence chimique et spectral appuie la constitution chimique et sa conversion à isoishwarone.

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The authors are grateful to Dr.F. Will, Mr.W. F. Kuhn and Mr.G. Vilcins for their valuable analytical data and to Dr.R. F. Dawson for the oil of orejuela and Dr.P. C. Parthasarathy for the authentic sample of isoishwarane. We wish to thank ProfessorsA. Burger andN. H. Cromwell for helpful discussions.     

Alkaloide ausSchizozygia caffaeoides (Boj.) Baill.

Summary FromSchizozygia caffaeoides (Boj.) Baill. (Apocynaceae), one major and ten minor new alkaloids have been isolated and characterised. Most of them are N-acylindoline derivatives, partly with the hitherto unknown 5,6-methylendioxyindoline system. Some possible correlations between these alkaloids are discussed.

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Den Herren Dres.H. Fritz, R. W. Schmid undH. Wagner und ihren Mitarbeitern danken wir für Spektren und Mikroanalysen.     

Occurence of diploid drones in a neotropical bumblebee

Zusammenfassung Mutter-Sohn-Kreuzung bei der südamerikanischen HummelBombus atratus Franklin ergab diploide Männchen mit normalen Arbeiterinnen im Verhältnis von 3 zu 1. Tur Interpretation des genetischen Mechanismus wurden 2 geschlechtsgebundene Loci angenommen, als bisher angenommen wurde, was für einen älteren Mechanismus bei Apiden spricht.

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This study was made possible by a grant of the State of São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP).

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Acknowledgment. I would like to thank Dr.W. E. Kerr, Dr.R. Zucchi and Dr.S. F. Sakagami for their excellent assistance during the course of this investigation as well during the translation. I also would like to thank Dr.R. H. Crozier for his suggestions and comments and I extend my thankfulness to professorsJ. Chaud Netto andZ. Silveira.     

Synthesis and properties of 1-deamino-, 9-decarboxy- and 1-deamino-9-decarboxy-bradykinin

Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Synthese von 1-Deamino-bradykinin, 9-Decarboxy-bradykinin und 1-Deamino-9-decarboxy-bradykinin und über deren biologische Aktivität berichtet. Nach dem verwendeten Testsystem scheint die endständige Carboxylgruppe für die Aktivität bedeutsamer zu sein als die endständige Aminogruppe.

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See H.Schröder and K.Lübke,The Peptides (Academic Press, New York 1966), vol. 2, p. 65.

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Part of the PhD Thesis of W. D.Johnson.     

Fluorescence of blood cells of the tunicatesPhallusia mamillata andCiona intestinalis

Zusammenfassung Von den Blutzellen derPhallusia mamillata Cuvier zeigen nur die stark vakuolisierten (compartment cells) im UV-Licht eine stabile blaue Fluoreszenz ( _max =5200 und 4600 Å). Sie ist in den Zellgranula lokalisiert. Bei den Blutzellen vonCiona intestinalis L. tritt dagegen eine gelbe Fluoreszenz ( _max = 5900, 5200 und 4600 Å) auf, die nur von den Vanadocyten ausgeht. Diese Fluoreszenz, welche auch von den Testazellen der Oocyten gegeben wird, geht innerhalb einiger Minuten in die blaue Fluoreszenz über.

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This work has been carried out in the Stazione Zoologica, Napoli (director Dr.P. Dohrn) and in the Istituto di Biologia Generale e Genetica della Università di Napoli (director Prof. Dr.B. de Lerma). —M. de Vincentiis wishes to thank Dr,P. Dohrn for placing at his disposal a working place of the Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Roma. —W. Rüdiger thanks sincerely the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, Bad Godesberg, for providing grants, and Prof. Dr.H.-J. Bielig for his interest.     

Do the products of messenger RNA hydrolysis cause ‘cloudy swelling’?

Résumé L'actinomycin D et les températures d'incubation dépassant l'optimum de croissance causent indépendamment une dégradation de l'ARN instable chezTetrahymena pyriformis vivant. L'dème cellulaire se produit simultanément et il est proportionnel au degré de dépolymérisation. Puisque les effets de l'antibiotique et les changements de température sont additif, ces observations suggèrent que les produits de hydrolyse peuvent aboutir à l'accumulation excessive de l'eau dans la cellule.

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I thank Miss C.Lippincott and Mrs. W.Archerd for assistance. The Actinomycin D was supplied by Dr. W. B.Gall of Merck, Sharp & Dohme, and the cycloheximide by Dr. G. B.Whitfield of Upjohn Co. Supported by USPHS Grant No. GM06461-10. I am currently supported by USPHS Grant No. TO-CA-05117-06/Rad.     

5-methyl-3-butyl-octahydroindolizine,a novel type of pheromone attractive to Pharaoh's ants (Monomorium pharaonis (L.)

Zusammenfassung Aus Arbeiterinnen der AmeiseMonomorium pharaonis (L.) wurde 5-Methyl-3-butyl-octahydroindolizin isoliert. Dieses Pheromon übt eine starke Lockstoffwirkung auf die Arbeiterinnen dieser Ameisenart aus. Die Struktur wurde durch Spektral-analyse und Synthese aufgeklärt. Unseres Wissens ist dies das erste Pheromon aus Insekten mit dem Indolizingerüst.

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Acknowledgment. This work was supported by the Ministry of Health and Environmental Hygiene of the Netherlands. Pharaoh's ants were supplied by Dr.A. Buschinger, Bonn, and Mr.W. R. C. M. van der Loo, Rotterdam. The spectroscopical work was done by a team includingR. Deen, P. J. F. Nooijen andS. J. Spijk andJ. M. Timmner assisted in the synthesis.     

Sesquiterpenoids minor constituents ofPinus parviflora. On the relationship between (−)-δ-cadinol, (+)-δ-cadinol,sesquigoyol, torreyol,and brown alga cadinol

Zusammenfassung 1-Dokosanol, Sesquigoyol,-Sitosterin und 3,5-Dimethoxystilben wurden ausP. formosana isoliert. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass Sesquigoyol der optische Antipode von (–)--Cadinol ist.

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Sesquiterpenoids II. For the previous paper in this series, seeW. G. Dauben, B. Weinstein, P. Lim, andA. B. Anderson, Tetrahedron15, 217 (1961).

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On leave of absence from the Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.

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The National Council of Science, Republic of China, is thanked for the award of a fellowship for advanced study to one of us (K.-T.W.).