抽水站调速经济运行的非线性规划模型

根据系统分析理论，为确定抽水站最佳转速提出了一种非线性规划模型，该模型以抽水站效率最高为目标函数，并考虑泵工况点、泵允许变速范围、流量、轴功率等多种约束条件，该模型克服了以泵效率最高为准确确定最佳转速的常规方法的局限性，通过试验对该模型的泵装置部分作验证，并给出其与常规方法的比较，该模型所求最佳转速时的泵装置效率比用常规方法得到的高０．６４％－１．４６％。     

离心泵转速改变对泵装置效率的影响

讨论了离心泵的运行转速改变后，由于泵效率和管路效率的变化而给整个果装置效率带来的影响，由此可以判断离心泵改变转速后，泵装置的运行是否合理，并可确定泵装置运行的最佳转速范围。     

低比转速离心泵加大系数的计算方法探讨

依据离心泵叶轮出口宽度、比转速的计算式推导得出了计算低比转速离心泵流量、扬程及比转速放大系数的计算公式,提出了建立在离心泵性能预测基础上的理论计算低比转速离心泵最佳流量、扬程及比转速放大系数的方法,解决了泵行业一直依据经验统计值确定其放大系数不能使低比转速离心泵在设计点效率最高的问题．经实例验证表明：本文提出的方法能够提高低比转速离心泵在设计工况点的效率,充实了低比转速离心泵的设计理论。     

水泵最佳工况点的分析

从理论上论证了排水装置效率随水泵流量增加而增加的变化规律,提出并论证了一种确定水泵不发生汽蚀时最大工况流量的方法,还提出并论证了一种确定泵配套电机不过载时最大工况流量的方法;进而提出了水泵最佳工况点的概念,即在确保水泵不汽蚀和电机不过载的条件下使排水装置效率最高时泵的工况点,并给出了其确定的步骤和方法.     

泵及泵装置原型与模型特性参数换算方法

为探求泵及泵装置原型与模型特性参数换算方法,根据流体动力学和相似理论的基本原理,阐述了泵及泵装置相似准则,分析了原型与模型泵及泵装置水力模拟、机械约束、几何相似的近似性成因.据水力效率基本定义,推导表达了基于全部水力损失仅有摩擦水力损失假设下的泵及泵装置效率换算公式,以及考虑形状阻力损失和冲击旋涡损失的综合权重系数表达的水力效率换算公式.从理论上建立了模型泵及泵装置效率的数学模型,提出从模型试验特性中分离出各分项效率的方法;基于相似理论,建立了泵及泵装置各分项效率相似换算的数学表达.该方法为泵及泵装置原型与模型特性参数换算的深入研究提供了参考依据.     

浸没式喷水推进泵设计及装船后性能预报

为了设计浸没式喷水推进泵,以国外某喷水推进混流泵为对象建立了浸没式喷射模型,运用计算流体力学(CFD)瞬态模拟方法研究了2种转速时浸没式喷射对喷水推进泵水力性能的影响。研究表明,无论是低转速还是设计转速,浸没式喷射时喷水推进泵的扬程、轴功率、效率变化都小于1%,且叶片的空化无明显变化。由此,运用三元设计方法设计了一型适用于常规尾板式喷水推进的喷水推进泵,即按常规尾板式喷水推进的"船-泵-机"匹配方法选定喷水推进泵的设计参数,按基于环量的三元方法进行喷泵的水力设计,喷泵为6片叶片、9片导叶。最后,运用计算流体力学方法对实尺浸没式喷水推进器与船体的组合结构进行了数值模拟,结果表明,在设计航速时,该喷水推进泵完全浸没在水中工作的水力性能变化很小,进而得出浸没式喷水推进泵可以按照常规尾板式喷水推进泵的设计方法进行设计的结论。     

水力射流排砂泵选型方法研究

应用最优化技术,在确定井的产能、井下装置类型、管柱尺寸和动力液介质等后进行射流泵设计计算,以选择合适的、效率最高的射流泵,为射流泵的选型提供了依据。     

轴流铅铋泵的设计及其水力性能分析

为了研究铅铋合金泵合适的优化设计方案,基于叶片速度三角形和圆柱层无关性假设理论,设计了不同转速的轴流铅铋泵模型。利用Ansys CFX软件,构建了不同转速包含导叶的铅铋泵水力模型和无导叶的铅铋泵水力模型,通过SSTk-ω湍流模型模拟对比不同的转速以及有无导叶轮设计对轴流铅铋泵水力性能的影响。模拟结果表明:导叶轮是铅铋泵低流速设计的一个重要构件,可将转速为420r/min铅铋泵的叶轮出口冷却剂流速由4m/s降低到1.8m/s;泵内冷却剂和壁面间相对速度最高区域分布在叶片前缘泵壳侧,该流速会随泵轴转速的减小而降低;在低负荷条件下高转速铅铋泵比低转速铅铋泵拥有更好的流量扬程和效率性能,但是在0.8～1.2倍额定流量的高负荷工况条件下低转速铅铋泵比高转速铅铋泵拥有更高的效率和扬程性能。此项研究可为铅冷快堆的主泵设计优化提供一定的参考。     

贯流泵站液压快速闸门断流停泵过渡过程分析

基于刚性水锤理论,分析了贯流泵站泵装置水力特性、泵机组动力学特性,并运用最小二乘曲面拟合方法仿真模拟了水泵全特性曲线;建立了贯流泵站液压快速闸门断流停泵过渡过程计算的有限差分非线形方程组,并采用牛顿莱福森(Newton-Raphson)迭代法对方程组进行求解.利用该数学模型数值模拟了南水北调淮安第三抽水站贯流泵机组停泵过渡过程,结果表明,该数学模型能较好地模拟贯流泵站停泵过渡过程.     

抽油机井工况管理模型及应用

分析了抽油机井工况的各种影响因素，结合抽油机井工况管理的实际状况，推导并建立了一种新的沉没度／下泵深度与校核泵效关系的抽油机井工况管理图。确定了抽油机井的下泵深度和沉没度是影响泵效的主要因素，并完善了相应的计算模型。该方法具有直观、简明等特点，其准确度较之原有模型有所提高。经在胜利油田纯梁采油厂和孤东采油厂使用验证，符合率分别为９６．５％和９２．９％，能够更好地满足抽油机井生产管理的需要。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has