先进高强钢DP590焊缝的组织特征和力学性能改善

The effects of the welding current mode in resistance spot welding on the microstructure and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steel dual-phase 590 (DP590) sheets were investigated. Results showed that a rough martensitic structure was formed in the weld zone of the sample welded via the single-pulsed mode, whereas the microstructure in the heat-affected zone consisted of a very rough martensitic microstructure and rough ferrite. However, using the secondary pulse mode led to the formation of tempered martensite in the weld zone. The maximum load and the energy absorption to failure of the samples with the secondary pulsed cycle were higher than those of the samples with the single-pulsed mode. Tensile shear results indicated that the secondary pulsed mode could significantly change the mode of failure upon shear tension testing. Therefore, the obtained results suggest that the use of secondary pulsed mode can improve the microstructural feature and mechanical properties of advanced high-strength steel DP590 welds.     

马氏体钢与高强低合金钢电阻 点焊组织结构演变分析

本文研究了马氏体钢与高强低合金钢电阻点焊接头微观组织结构演变,对厚度为1.2 mm的MS1400、HSLA420进行电阻点焊试验,通过改变焊接时间、电流、压力得到拉剪试样,利用力学性能试验机进行拉剪试验,通过产生拔出失效模式来确定较优的点焊工艺参数.分析较优参数下的焊件熔核区及两侧热影响区微观组织,发现熔核区完全马氏体化;热影响区则主要为铁素体、马氏体、粒状贝氏的混合组织;对接头进行硬度测试,发现各区域组织变化与显微硬度分布曲线基本一致.     

Q&P1180高强钢激光焊接头的抗氢脆性能研究

采用激光焊技术对汽车用Q&P1180高强钢进行焊接试验,分析焊接工艺参数对激光焊接头组织演变和性能的影响。选择综合力学性能较好的试样进行低应变速率拉伸试验,研究激光焊接头不同区域的微观组织对Q&P1180高强钢氢脆敏感性的影响。结果表明,当激光功率为2.5～3.5 kW、焊接速度为4.0 m/min(或激光功率为3.0 kW,焊接速度为3.6～4.2 m/min)时,Q&P1180高强钢激光焊获得了全焊透及表面成形良好的接头。不同激光功率和不同焊接速度下,焊缝区和热影响区的硬度均高于母材区的,且在焊缝的两边都存在一个软化区。在激光功率为3.0 kW、焊接速度为4.0 m/min时,激光焊接头的综合性能最佳。在预充氢的慢应变速率拉伸试验中,随着充氢电流密度的增大或充氢时间的延长,其抗拉强度和塑性逐渐下降。其中,当充氢电流密度为2 mA/cm²、充氢时间为5 min时,氢脆敏感性因子为78.0%,具有较高的氢脆敏感性。     

焊接速度对双相钢激光焊接接头组织和性能的影响

为提高汽车车身用双相钢(DP钢)激光焊接构件在动态载荷下应用的可靠性,研究焊接速度对1.4 mm厚DP780钢脉冲激光焊接接头组织和不同应变速率下拉伸性能的影响规律.结果表明,不同激光焊接速度下DP780钢接头均存在熔合区硬化和外侧热影响区软化现象,随焊接速度增加,接头的软化程度降低.接头的强度随应变速率增加而增加,抗拉强度和断裂延伸率随焊接速度增加呈先增加后减少的趋势.当焊接速度为400 mm/min时,接头表面成形性好、熔深和熔宽适中、无焊接缺陷、外侧热影响区软化程度最低(软化率为9%),熔合区硬度适中,接头整体强度和塑性指标达到最佳值.     

HRB500E高强度抗震钢筋焊接性能

国内某厂通过铌微合金化和控冷工艺开发试制HRB500E高强度抗震钢筋,采用金相显微镜、维氏硬度计、闪光焊接、疲劳试验机及力学性能测试,对HRB500E钢筋焊接样力学性能、HV5硬度、金相显微组织、焊接接头强度及疲劳强度进行了试验研究。结果表明:焊接前后焊件和母材强度变化小于5 MPa,强度变化不大,焊件拉伸断口远离焊缝,为延性断口,焊接性能良好;在焊接热循环作用下,焊接接头焊缝、热影响粗晶区、热影响细晶区的表层和芯部经历奥氏体化后再结晶,其组织和硬度变化不大;混晶区至母材表层和芯部则经历不完全奥氏体化后的再结晶,母材芯部组织为F+P+B、表层组织为S,表层硬度HV5高于芯部硬度30 HV5,其组织和硬度变化较大;焊接接头的抗拉断负荷从焊缝到混晶区逐渐减小,焊缝和热影响粗晶区的抗拉断负荷比母材的高;采用国际焊接学会推荐的FAT75疲劳设计曲线对钢筋焊接接头疲劳强度设计是安全的。     

1 200 MPa级超高强度钢板冲压成形性能及其断裂机理的实验研究

通过圆筒拉深试验研究了1 200 MPa级超高强度双相钢板（DP1200）和纯马氏体钢板（M1200）的极限拉深成形性能,采用扫描电子显微镜观察分析了钢板的微观组织形貌与结构,探讨了其微观组织结构与断裂机理的关系.结果表明：DP1200和M1200的极限拉延比分别为2.03和1.99,其单向拉伸性能不能准确地反映钢板材料在复杂应力状态下的成形性能;2种钢板的断裂模式均为断口分布着大量韧窝的韧性断裂,但其裂纹扩展机理不同.DP1200中的裂纹是以沿铁素体/马氏体相界为主,兼有穿过马氏体相并扩展的失效模式;而M1200钢中的裂纹是沿马氏体晶界扩展的失效模式.     

Comparative analysis by simulating and testing pole impact for hot stamping front crossbeam of automobile

Hot stamping 22MnB5 steel plate with ultra-high strength has been widely used for body structural members in consideration of automobile safety and lightweight.This paper presents a verification program of simulating and testing pole impact in order to verify if the front crossbeam reinforcement assembly can meet the design requirements,reduce the overall vehicle simulation and test cost and shorten the operation period.In the same condition,the simulation proved conforming to the design requirements;however,the bumper cracked at the impacting point in the course of pole impact test.The analysis of the crack by optical microscope,Vickers and scanning electron microscope indicates that mixture of ferrite,bainite and martensite was produced in the weld heat-affected zone of the 340/590DP tow hook holder and the 22MnB5 front crossbeam;therefore,their hardness and mechanical property were reduced obviously,so that they fractured when impacted.No welding process with continuous weld but spot welding or other bonding method may be employed for the reason that the capacity of the 22MnB5 steel plate in the weld heat-affected zone was reduced obviously.     

型钢高强混凝土T形短肢墙承载力试验研究

型钢高强混凝土短肢剪力墙较普通钢筋混凝土短肢剪力墙具有承载力高、延性好等优点。为了研究型钢高强混凝土T形截面短肢剪力墙的正截面受力性能及不同型钢骨架形式对其性能的影响,本文通过对两个含实腹式型钢骨架和一个含桁架式型钢骨架的型钢高强混凝土T形截面短肢剪力墙试件进行正截面偏心压力作用下的试验研究,以揭示该类构件的工作机理、破坏形态和极限承载力。试验研究表明:型钢高强混凝土T形截面短肢剪力墙的破坏过程与普通短肢剪力墙相似,横截面的平均应变基本符合平截面假定,型钢与混凝土能够保持协同工作,两种配钢形式的构件受力性能差别不大。     

不锈钢热轧板材焊接接头的HAZ组织及性能

通过对304及430不锈钢热轧板材焊接接头热影响区(HAZ)的金相观察、无损检测、显微硬度测定、力学性能和晶间腐蚀性能试验,研究经手工钨极氩弧焊(TIG)的304及430热轧板材的HAZ组织及性能,并进行对比分析.结果表明,采用TIG焊接方法和较小的焊接规范,304焊接接头的热影响区奥氏体晶粒较细(7.5～8.0级),显微硬度为376 HV,焊缝与母材熔合良好;430焊接接头的热影响区铁素体晶粒明显长大(约为4.5级),粗晶粒区宽度约为0.7 mm,碳化物析出不多;热影响区的晶界部位受焊接热循环影响发生了α→γ→M相变,生成的M质量分数约占14%;304和430焊接接头的力学性能良好,拉伸断裂部位是焊缝和热影响区;EPR法测定表明,304及430母材和热影响区均没有产生晶间腐蚀.     

添加或未添加 Cu?Nb 的超低碳高强度钢焊接金属的显微组织和力学性能

Two types of ultralow carbon steel weld metals (with and without added Cu?Nb) were prepared using gas metal arc welding (GMAW) to investigate the correlation between the microstructure and mechanical properties of weld metals. The results of microstructure characterization showed that the weld metal without Cu?Nb was mainly composed of acicular ferrite (AF), lath bainite (LB), and granular bainite (GB). In contrast, adding Cu?Nb to the weld metal caused an evident transformation of martensite and grain coarsening. Both weld metals had a high tensile strength (more than 950 MPa) and more than 17% elongation; however, their values of toughness deviated greatly, with a difference of approximately 40 J at ?50°C. Analysis of the morphologies of the fracture surfaces and secondary cracks further revealed the correlation between the microstructure and mechanical properties. The effects of adding Cu and Nb on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the weld metal are discussed; the indication is that adding Cu?Nb increases the hardenability and grain size of the weld metal and thus deteriorates the toughness.     

Effects of different friction stir welding conditions on the microstructure and mechanical properties of copper plates

Friction stir welding is a new and innovative welding method used to fuse materials. In this welding method, the heat generated by friction and plastic flow causes significant changes in the microstructure of the material, which leads to local changes in the mechanical properties of the weld. In this study, the effects of various welding parameters such as the rotational and traverse speeds of the tool on the microstructural and mechanical properties of copper plates were investigated; additionally, Charpy tests were performed on copper plates for the first time. Also, the effect of the number of welding passes on the aforementioned properties has not been investigated in previous studies. The results indicated that better welds with superior properties are produced when less heat is transferred to the workpiece during the welding process. It was also found that although the properties of the stir zone improved with an increasing number of weld passes, the properties of its weakest zone, the heat-affected zone, deteriorated.     

Effect of welding process on the microstructure and properties of dissimilar weld joints between low alloy steel and duplex stainless steel

To obtain high-quality dissimilar weld joints, the processes of metal inert gas (MIG) welding and tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding for duplex stainless steel (DSS) and low alloy steel were compared in this paper. The microstructure and corrosion morphology of dissimilar weld joints were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM); the chemical compositions in different zones were detected by energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS); the mechanical properties were measured by microhardness test, tensile test, and impact test; the corrosion behavior was evaluated by polarization curves. Obvious concentration gradients of Ni and Cr exist between the fusion boundary and the type II boundary, where the hardness is much higher. The impact toughness of weld metal by MIG welding is higher than that by TIG welding. The corrosion current density of TIG weld metal is higher than that of MIG weld metal in a 3.5wt% NaCl solution. Galvanic corrosion happens between low alloy steel and weld metal, revealing the weakness of low alloy steel in industrial service. The quality of joints produced by MIG welding is better than that by TIG welding in mechanical performance and corrosion resistance. MIG welding with the filler metal ER2009 is the suitable welding process for dissimilar metals jointing between UNS S31803 duplex stainless steel and low alloy steel in practical application.     

长寿命连铸辊的堆焊材料和工艺开发

介绍了大型板坯连铸机连铸辊的工况特点、主要失效形式,阐述了连铸辊堆焊材料的研究现状和性能要求.在1Cr13NiMo堆焊材料的基础上,增加了功能合金元素,开发出新的堆焊焊带和匹配的烧结焊剂,新堆焊熔敷金属的组织、强度和冷热疲劳性能明显优于进口焊材;研究了不同堆焊层间温度和焊后热处理温度对堆焊材料性能的影响规律.结果表明,合理的堆焊层间温度和焊后热处理温度能够获得最理想的组织和机械性能;新型连铸辊的使用寿命优于国外同类产品.     

核用A-TIG焊活性剂配比及对焊缝性能影响

以碳钢P265GH和不锈钢321为试验对象,结果表明,在相同焊接工艺参数下,涂刷配制出的活性剂,可大大增加焊接焊缝熔深,对于板件厚度在8 mm以下时,可无需开坡口、不用填丝,一次完成焊接过程,单面焊双面成形.并对焊缝接头进行相关的物理、化学分析,得到的焊缝宏观成形良好、熔深明显较常规TIG大,微观金相组织、力学性能均满足核电安装的焊接要求.     

摩擦焊接头组织与力学性能

研究了变形速率对低合金结构钢摩擦焊接头组织与力学性能的影响，结果表明，增大变形速率和延长减速改善了接头区域的硬度分布，焊缝区宽度变窄，热影响软化区不明显，焊缝晶粒细化，使焊缝的韧性得到一定程度的改善，本文对接头各个区域的显微组织进行了分析。     

Welded Joint Model Construction and Welding Mechanism of AZ91 Magnesium Alloy

The characteristics of the welding molten pool of AZ91 magnesium alloy were studied and the welding interface model was built using metallographic observation and scanning electorn microscope(SEM) composition analysis.The welding area was divided into heat affected zone(HAZ),liquefaction zone(LZ),rich poly zone(RPZ),sparse zone(SZ) and weld zone(WZ).The analyses of the microstructure and composition of each region show that optimizing the welding process can improve mechanical properties of weld zone.While for LZ,its tensile properties can be strengthened only by improving the composition of the parent metal and the second phase distribution.And the way to improve the tensile properties of LZ,RPZ,and SZ is to give priority to improve the parent metal composition and the second phase distribution,improving welding technology as the complementary method.Furthermore,based on the results above and the analyses of the microstructure and composition of welding cracks,it is found that the tensile fracture is mainly caused by the stress cracking rather than composition crack.     

2024-T42铝合金点焊接头性能研究

为改善高强铝合金接头连接性能,提高焊接质量,研究了2024-T42铝合金回填式搅拌摩擦点焊(RFSSW)、电阻点焊和铆接3种不同接头的连接性能,采用显微组织观察试验、拉伸试验、拉剪试验和显微硬度试验等方法,对接头组织和性能进行表征与分析.结果 表明:RFSSW接头的力学性能最优,拉剪性能达到7.23 kN,较铆接和电阻...     

Characterizations of dissimilar S32205/316L welds using austenitic,super-austenitic and super-duplex filler metals

UNS S32205 duplex stainless steel plates were welded to AISI 316L stainless steel using the pulsed gas tungsten arc welding process with three different filler metals: ER2594, ER312, and ER385. The microstructures of the welds were characterized using optical and scanning electron microscopy, and all of the specimens were evaluated by ferrite measurements. The mechanical properties were studied through hardness, tensile, and impact tests. In addition, the pitting resistance equivalent number was calculated and cyclic polarization tests were performed to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the weld metal. The results showed that chromium nitride was formed in the heat-affected zone of the duplex side, whereas no sigma phase was detected in any of the specimens. The ferrite number increased from the root pass to the final pass. The absorbed energies of the impact test decreased with increasing ferrite number, whereas the tensile strength was enhanced. The fully austenitic microstructure of the specimen welded with ER385 exhibited the highest resistance to pitting corrosion at 25°C, and the super-duplex weld metal presented superior corrosion resistance at 50°C.     

30CrMnSiA金属粉芯型药芯焊丝熔滴过渡分析与电弧增材研究

为探究金属粉芯型药芯焊丝电弧增材加工的可行性,采用30CrMnSiA高强钢粉芯型药芯焊丝,结合高速摄像与电信号同步采集系统,分析焊丝在脉冲熔化极气体保护焊工艺下的熔滴过渡特点和电弧稳定性,在确定的工艺参数下,探讨脉冲工艺WAAM对高强钢药芯焊丝沉积件成形性、组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,高强钢药芯焊丝熔滴过渡类型为多脉一滴的非轴向小滴短路过渡;沉积件横向和纵向力学性能存在差异,横向强度和韧性均优于纵向;沉积件横向和纵向断口存在大量韧窝,均呈现微孔聚集型韧性断裂,且纵向断口韧窝尺寸明显大于横向。因此,将金属粉芯型药芯焊丝应用于增材加工领域,其性能满足使用要求,可获得组织和力学性能优异的沉积件。研究结果可为提高金属粉芯型药芯焊丝的增材加工效率、改善增材加工性能提供借鉴和参考。     

超高强热成形钢B1500HS的 电阻点焊工艺和接头性能

摘要：
采用工频交流焊机对厚度为1.5 mm的国产超高强热成形钢板B1500HS进行点焊操作,研究其适用性,并对焊接接头的力学性能、显微硬度、微观组织、拉伸断口进行分析.结果表明,热成形钢电阻点焊性能良好,熔核直径和焊点拉剪强度均满足要求,熔核区组织为板条马氏体,拉伸时呈现钮扣状断裂,断口形貌具有塑性韧窝特征,软化区的存在是接头正拉强度显著降低的主要原因.
关键词：
热成形钢板; 电阻点焊; 工频交流; 接头强度
中图分类号： TG 453.9
文献标志码： A