3—（芳酰基乙基）—斯德酮的合成

了Ｒ＝Ａｒ－Ｃ＾｜｜Ｏ－ＣＨ２ＣＨ２－的３－（芳酰基乙基）－斯德酮的合成，其方法是：将芳香酮、甲醛与甘氨酸进行Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应，得Ｉ：Ａｒ－ＣＯ－ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＮＨＣＨ２ＣＯＯＨ．ＨＣｌ；Ｉ经亚硝化得Ⅱ：Ａｒ－ＣＯ－ＣＨ２ＣＨ２Ｎ（ＮＯ）ＣＨ２ＣＯＯＨ；Ⅱ用乙酸酐脱水环化，得Ⅲ，即３－（芳酰基乙基）－斯德酮。为验证Ⅲ的结论，将其进行溴化，得Ⅳ，即３－（芳酰基乙基）－４－溴－斯德酮，Ｉ的部分化合物及     

3──肉桂酰基-5─溴酚酮的合成

本文研究了３－肉桂酰基革酚酮的５位单溴代产物的合成，设计路线为：以２－肉桂酰基－７－甲氨基革酮（１）为起始原料，首先进行溴化得到２－肉桂酰基－４─溴－７─甲氨基酮（２）：化合物（２）在氢氧化钠碱性溶液中水解得到目标物３─肉桂酰基－５－溴酚酮（３），化合物２，３为尚未见文献报道的新化合物，它们的结构经物质性质的测定，光谱数据和元素分析得到证实。     

3－（芳酰基乙基）－斯德酮的合成

报导了的３－（芳酰基乙基）－斯德酮的合成。其方法是：将芳香酮、甲醛与甘氨酸进行Ｍａｎｎｉｃｈ反应，得Ⅰ：Ａｒ─ＣＯ─ＣＨ２ＣＨ２ＮＨＣＨ２ＣＯＯＨ·ＨＣｌ；Ⅰ经亚硝化得Ⅱ：Ａｒ─ＣＯ─ＣＨ２ＣＨ２Ｎ（ＮＯ）ＣＨ２ＣＯＯＨ；Ⅱ用乙酸酐脱水环化，得Ⅲ，即３－（芳酰基乙基）－斯德酮．为验证Ⅲ的结构，将其进行溴化，得Ⅳ，即３－（芳酰基乙基）－４－溴－斯德酮。Ⅰ的部分化合物及Ⅱ，Ⅲ，Ⅳ皆为未见文献报导过的化合物，它们的结构经元素分析，ＩＲ，１ＨＮＭＲ，ＭＳ所证实。     

3［（4‘—羟基）—2’—喹啉基］zhuo酚酮的合成及溴代和偶联反应

报道了Ｐｆｉｔｚｉｎｇｅｒ喹啉合成法在ｚｈｕｏ酚酮领域中的首次应用。３－乙酰基ｚｈｕｏ酚酮（Ⅰ）在氯氧化钾存在下与靛红反应,得到了喹啉基取代的ｚｈｕｏ酚酮化合物３－［（４’－羟基）－２’－喹啉基］ｚｈｕｏ酚酮（Ⅱ）;化合物Ⅱ的溴化反应得到双代产物５,７－二溴－３－［（４’－羟基）－２’－喹啉基］ｚｈｕｏ酚酮（Ⅲ）;化合物Ⅱ的偶氮偶联反应得到５位偶氮偶联产物５－苯偶氮基－３－［（４’－羟基）－２’－     

3─〔(4’─羧基)─2’─喹啉基〕酚酮的合成及溴代和偶联反应

本文报道了ＰＦＩＴＺＩＮＧＥＲ喹啉合成法在■酚酮领域中的首次应用。３─乙酰基■酚酮１在氢氧化钾存在下与靛红反应，得到了喹啉基取代的酚酮化合物３－［（４’─羧基）─２’─喹啉基］■酚酮２；化合物２的溴化反应得到双溴代产物５，７─二溴─３─［（４’─羧基）─２’─喹啉基］酚酮３；化合物２的偶联反应得到５位偶联产物５─苯偶氮基─３─［（４’─羧基）─２’─喹啉基］酚酮４。化合物２，３，４为尚未见文献报道的新化合物，它们的结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱及元素分析予以证实。     

3－乙酰基酚酮与TMB等芳醛缩合反应的研究

本文探讨了３－乙酰基酚酮与ＴＭＢ等芳香醛的羟醛缩合反应．３－乙酰基酚酮与ＴＭＢ、丁香醛、胡椒醛等取代醛反应分别生成３－［３，４，５－三甲氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮、３－［４－羟基－３，５－二甲氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮、３－［３，４－亚甲二氧基］肉桂酰基酚酮，与桂皮醛反应生成３－［５－苯基－２，４－戊二烯酰基］酚酮等四种新化合物．其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振谱及元素分析得以证实     

光致变色剂5－甲基螺噁嗪的改良合成

报道了先致变色剂５－甲基螺嗪的改良合成，关键中间体２，３，３，５－四甲基－３Ｈ－吲哚由相应芳胺经Ｍｏｈｌａｕ－Ｂｉｓｈｌｅｒ反应制备。所需原料３－溴－３－甲基－２－丁酮由相应酮在四氯化碳中，无催化剂条件下与溴反应制得。改进了由５－甲基费歇尔碱和１－亚硝基－２－萘酚制备目标分子的操作方法，对有关反应机理进行了探讨并研制出光致变色油墨。     

光致变色剂5—甲基螺恶嗪的改良合成

报道了光致变色剂５－甲基螺恶嗪的改良合成，关键中间体２，３，３，５－四甲基－３Ｈ－吲哚由相应芳胺经Ｍｏｈｌａｕ－Ｂｉｓｈｌｅｒ反应制备。所需原料３－溴－３－甲基－２－丁酮由相应酮在四氯化碳中，无催化剂条件下与溴反应制得。改进了由５－甲基费歇尔碱和１－亚硝基－２－萘酚制备目标分子的操作方法，对有关反应机理进行了探讨并研制出光致变色油墨。     

乙酰基取代的酮和酚酮化合物与芳醛了缩合反应──缩杂环酮化合物的合成(V)

为寻找具有生理活性的Ｔｒｏｐｏｎｏｉｄｓ，选择３－乙酰基■酚酮（１）和２－乙酰基－７－甲基■酮（６）与ＴＭＢ等取代醛反应得到缩合产物（２－５），（７－９）；缩合产物３－（３，４，５，－三甲氧基）肉桂酰基酚酮（２）和３－（３，４－亚甲二氧基）肉桂酰基■酚酮（４）与羟氨和苯肼进行缩合成环得到苯乙烯基取代的缩杂环■酮化合物（１０－１３）；化合物（１）与３，４，５－三甲氧基苯甲醛在原甲酸三乙酯和高氯酸存在下反应一步得到２－（３，４，５－三甲氧基）苯基－４，９－二氢环庚并吡喃－４，９－二酮（１４）。以上化合物（２－５），（７－１４）为尚未见文献报道的新化合物，其结构经光谱分析和元素分析予以证实。     

螺［5．5］十一烷┐3┐酮的合成

研究了螺［５．５］十一烷－３－酮新的合成路线，即环己酮１经环氧化生成１－氧杂螺［２．５］辛烷２；２再与路易斯酸作用发生氢重排生成甲酰环己酮３；３与甲基乙烯酮在酸的催化下经迈克尔加成反应得到１－螺［５．５］十一烯－３－酮４；最后经加氢生成目的产物螺［５．５］十一烷－３－酮５，总收率为２８．９％，反应步骤少、操作简单     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that