Analyzing and exemplify the phenomenon of lossing control in vibration experiment

With science and technology development, vibration testing as the most important item in reliability test is becoming more and more important, at the same time, vibrate condition becoming more and more complicated, the phenomenon increases that the output of controller goes beyond controlling range so that destroy the specimen. In this paper, some skills such as how to set the parameters of force controller, where to place the sensor, which material to be chosen and which skills to be used while making jigs were introduced to avoid the just matter. At last, some examples were given to prove the validity of the method proposed.     

Predictive functional control （PFC） and its application in chlorinated polyethylene process

The main principle and the characteristic of Predictive Functional Control (PFC) strategy are presented in this paper and the corresponding control system aid design software APC-PFC is also introduced. For a chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) process, a design scheme of cascade predictive functional control system is described and the control performance is improved obviously.     

Subharmonic and ultraharmonic emissions based on the nonlinear oscillation of encapsulated microbubbles in ultrasound contrast agents

Subbarmonics or ultraharmonics provides better contrast-to-tissue ratio （CTR） than the fundamental or the second harmonics, having prospective application in medical diagnosis. In this paper, subharmonic and ultraharmonic emissions are theoretically studied through nonlinear oscillation of encapsulated bubbles. The optimized frequencies for emissions of the subharmonics and ultraharmonics are discussed. In addition, sound pressure dependences of the subharmonics and ultraharmonics are studied in theory as well as in measurement. Results reveal that the developments of both subharmonics and ultraharmonics have the same trend, i.e. occurrence, growth and saturation, but the generation of ultraharmonic is a little earlier than that of subharmonic.     

Development and improvement of mass flux convection parameterization scheme and its applications in the seasonal climate predication model

The features of Gregory cumulus parameterization scheme, which is used in British Weather Office, are researched and then this scheme is developed and improved according to the characteristics of area precipitation over China. Firstly, the influence of the large-scale convergence in lower tropopause upon cumulus convection is directly taken into account in a “bulk“ cloud model. The organized entrainment and detrainment is considered in the model. Secondly, the initial mass flux is revised. Thirdly, the effects of subcooling water upon saturation vapour pressure are considered. Eventually, the drown-draft air is regulated. For several years, the numerical forecast of seasonal precipitation in China has been carried out by using the modified Gregory scheme. The result shows that the model with improved Gregory scheme well simulates the precipitation over China and the prediction result is good.     

Emplacement age of the Tahe granite and its constraints on the tectonic nature of the Ergun block in the northern part of the Da Hinggan Range

Large-scale granitic plutons are exposed in the Ergun block in the northern part of the Da Hinggan Range, but their emplacement age and petrogenesis remain unknown. Of these plutons, the Tahe pluton is composed mainly of porphyritic syenogranite and monzogranite, with minor hornblende alkali feldspar granite and gabbro, which have affinities to post-orogenic granitoids. Laser-ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass-spectroscope （LA-ICP-MS） analysis shows that the major rock types of the Tahe pluton formed at 494- 480 Ma ago, indicating its emplacement in the Early Paleozoic. It is concluded, therefore, that the collision between the Ergun and the Xing＇an blocks ended in Early Paleozoic. Considering the geochronological data of the plutons in the adjacent areas, the Early Paleozoic evolutionary history of the Ergun block is similar to the central Mongolia and the Tuvino blocks in Mongolia, and the Ergun block should be a part of the accretionary continental margin in the southern Siberian Craton.     

Microbial control of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. （Lepidoptera： Yponomeutidae） using bacteria （Xenorhabdus nematophila） and its metabolites from the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae

Cells and cell-free solutions of the culture filtrate of the bacterial symbiont, Xenorhabdus nematophila taken from the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae in aqueous broth suspensions were lethal to larvae of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella. Their application on leaves of Chinese cabbage indicated that the cells can penetrate into the insects in the absence of the nematode vector. Cell-free solutions containing metabolites were also proved as effective as bacterial cells suspension. The application of aqueous suspensions of cells of X.nematophila or solutions containing its toxic metabolites to the leaves represents a possible new strategy for controlling insect pests on foliage.     

矮塔混凝土斜拉桥成桥索力优化

针对矮塔混凝土斜拉桥结构受力特点,推导出了在恒载、车辆荷载、温度作用下整体弯曲能量表达式,以结构整体弯曲变形能最小为目标,主梁主塔单元弯矩和轴力为约束条件,应用MIDAS/CIVIL 2010的未知荷载系数模块进行了最不利荷载组合作用下矮塔混凝土斜拉桥成桥索力优化计算分析.讨论了车辆荷载和温度作用对矮塔斜拉桥成桥索力优化结果及大桥结构内力分布的影响,研究结果表明,车辆荷载和温度作用对拉索索力、主梁弯矩等力学参数的影响较大,在进行成桥索力优化时应该考虑车辆荷载和温度作用.     

斜拉桥拉索的振动及控制现场试验

对钱塘江三桥 1 5号斜拉索进行了振动及被动控制测试 ,用频响函数非线性拟合方法得到了斜拉索的振动频率及等效模态阻尼比。依据测试分析结果提出了斜拉桥拉索的振动特性及被动油阻尼器控制存在的不足。     

基于ANSYS的大跨度斜拉桥非线性成桥索力优化研究

将有限元计算与优化设计分析相结合,在索力变化对结构响应和目标函数敏感性分析的基础上,综合考虑结构内力、线形控制条件,提出一种全过程计入结构几何非线性影响的大跨斜拉桥合理成桥索力优化方法,采用一阶分析法对成桥索力进行迭代优化.基于ANSYS的优化分析模块,对一大跨斜拉桥成桥索力进行了计算,验证了方法的正确性和有效性.     

超千米级CFRP与钢组合拉索斜拉桥动力性能分析

为研究超千米级碳纤维增强塑料(CFRP)与钢组合拉索斜拉桥动力性能,参考苏通大桥设计参数,选择优化的组合拉索面积比,分别建立1 400 m CFRP与钢组合拉索斜拉桥有限元模型以及全钢、全CFRP拉索斜拉桥2个对比模型.首先,对组合拉索斜拉桥以及对比模型的固有频率和振型进行计算.然后,选择典型地震波进行地震动响应时程分析,并分别研究一维激励和三维激励2种输入形式.最后,采用规范法,从颤振稳定性、静力扭转稳定性以及抖振振幅估计3个方面对抗风稳定性进行分析.结果表明:采用合理优化面积比0.35,可使CFRP与钢组合拉索斜拉桥的抗震性能不仅优于传统钢拉索设计以及价格昂贵的全CFRP拉索设计,而且其主要构件内力数值也较低;对于抗风稳定性,组合拉索斜拉桥略低于全钢拉索设计,但明显优于全CRFP拉索设计,可在减轻拉索自重的同时提高其经济性能.     

基于小波包能量谱的大跨斜拉桥拉索损伤预警方法

为了实现对大跨斜拉桥拉索损伤的有效预警,将小波包分析应用于结构损伤预警中.在基于小波包能量谱的结构损伤预警理论的基础上,提出了大跨斜拉桥拉索损伤的预警方法,并以润扬大桥斜拉桥为例,研究了这种方法的损伤适用性和损伤敏感性.数值分析结果表明,与频率等动力参数相比,采用基于小波包能量谱的结构损伤预警指标能更有效地发现大跨斜拉桥拉索的早期损伤,且通过对多测点损伤预警指标的分析与比较能初步实现拉索的损伤定位.可见,该结构损伤预警方法具有实用性,对结构损伤定位亦有帮助.     

大跨度斜拉桥施工过程索力和线形双控研究

为了使斜拉桥在成桥后达到合理状态,必须拟定合理的施工状态,即在施工过程中使斜拉索力和结构位形同时达到理想状态.采用一阶最优化计算方法,以成桥后结构的弯曲应变能和主梁的线形为目标函数,以斜拉索的初始张拉力和主梁节段的预抛高值为设计变量,建立了斜拉桥施工控制的空间非线性有限元分析模型,并以某大跨度预应力混凝土斜拉桥为例,模拟了混凝土主梁的悬臂浇筑过程.结果表明,该方法可使成桥后主梁的线形和结构的内力得到合理控制,从而可有效地确定斜拉桥的合理施工状态.     

斜拉桥地震响应振动控制Benchmark问题研究

文章建立了斜拉桥结构的有限元模型和振动控制Benchmark模型,采用LQG控制算法和最优控制理论,基于MATLAB环境的Simulink程序,对斜拉桥结构振动的主动控制以及Benchmark问题进行研究,给出了独塔双面索斜拉桥在随机干扰作用下振动控制的仿真结果.     

国产桥梁斜拉索用1 770 MPa镀锌钢丝制造技术的研究

重点介绍了宝钢集团公司在苏通大桥斜拉索用高强度镀锌钢丝的研制实践中,通过制造技术研究和技术创新,形成了 “双张紧＋限径模”工艺、“主导工艺＋微调”整体优化、“三度控制”热镀锌操作等三大关键技术,生产制造出了高强度、低松弛、具有良好扭转性能的国产桥梁斜拉索用高强度（1 770 MPa级）镀锌钢丝。     

Research of 1 770 MPa galvanized steel wire for stay cable of domestic bridges

This paper focuses on introducing the manufacture technology of 1 770 MPa galvanized steel wires for stay cables applied to domestic bridges. During the development practices of high strength galvanized wire for stay cables used in Sutong Bridge, Baosteel has established three key technologies based on research of manufacture technology and technical innovation. The three key technologies are： ＂Double Tensioning ＋ limiter die＂ process, ＂dominant process ＋ fine adjustment＂ in integrated optimization technology and ＂three-level control＂ in hot dip galvanization. With these key technologies, Baosteel has produced 1 770 MPa galvanized wires for stay cable, which has high tensile strength, low relaxation and good torsion performances.     

大跨斜拉桥车桥振动简化算法及在ANSYS中实现

基于ANSYS的二次开发功能,考虑结构的初始应力效应和几何非线性因素,提出了一种大跨斜拉桥车桥振动分析的简化方法,给出了运用APDL(ANSYS Parametric Design Language)语言编制分析程序的步骤和过程.工程实例分析验证了方法的正确性和有效性.该方法简化了大跨斜拉桥车桥振动分析过程,便于工程技术人员应用,可为其他类型大跨桥梁车桥振动分析提供参考.