关于极大左零化子

本文讨论环Ω的极大左零化子。对于半质环的极大左零化子,我们证明了它包含左与右奇理想。 对于极大左零化子两边理想A,我们证明了有含A的最小质理想 对于具有极大左零化子的元素α或适合左零化子极大条件环的非幂零元素中具极大左零化子的元素x,我们证明了它们在Ω生成的右理想αΩ_1或xΩ~1作为环,其幂零元素的全体恰构成其Baer根。     

互极大的极小素理想和零化子

本文在有单位元的交换环R中,给出了R的一个元对于R的一个理想的相对零化子的概念及相对零化子的一些性质,并得到了关于环R的素理想的几个命题。最后,通过相对零化子给出了R的一些极小素理想互极大的条件。     

Baer环和p.p.环的Ore扩张

得到了Armendariz性与左右零化子之间的两个联系,并将其推广到(α,δ)-斜Armendariz环上,讨论了(α,δ)-斜Armendariz环中零化子的性质.由于其自身的特点,关于右零化子的结论与左零化子的结论有所不同.用其中一个推广讨论了Ore扩张的Baer性与p.p.性,得到了新条件下Baer环和p.p.环...     

SF-环与强正则环

研究了满足某些条件的SF-环的正则性，得到了以下主要结论：①若R是左(或者右)SF-环，且R的所有幂零元的左零化子是本质的左理想，则R是强正则环；②若R是左(或者右)SF-环，则R是除环当且仅当R是左一致环。     

半素环与 Morphic 环

本文中,我们证明了如下主要结果：（1）如果R是半素环,R又是右Morphic的,且L是R中的极大左零化子,则L是R的极大左理想,且存在e^2=e∈R使L=Re。（2）如果R是素环又是右Morphie的,且有极大左零化子,则R是左、右本原环（3）如果R是半素的右Morphic环,则R有唯一的最大理想I,I不含非零幂零元且I=lr（I）=rl（I）,Z（RI）=Z（IR）=0。     

关于Γ－环的T－幂零性与本质强幂零性

讨论Γ－环的Ｔ－幂零性与本质强幂零性，给出了Γ－环具备Ｔ－幂零性的几个充要条件及充分条件，并证明Γ－环的素根、Ｔ－幂零理想及满足主左零化子升链条件的Γ－环的每一个强诣零理想是本质强幂零。     

关于零化子凝聚环

给出了零化子凝聚环的概念,并讨论了该环的基本性质以及此环与凝聚环、∏-凝聚环、AF-环等的关系,以及在一定条件下零化子凝聚环上的零化子理想、有限生成理想及其商模的自反性.最后,引入了零化子平坦模的定义,利用它将Chase定理推广到了零化子凝聚环上.     

广义morphic环

证明了当R是广义morphic环时,R是左Kasch环当且仅当R的任意极大左理想是一个零化子,也当且仅当R的任意极大左理想是由一个morphic元生成的主左理想.设R是环,R∝R是环R的特殊平凡扩张,α是R中的正则元,则α是R的广义左morphic元,当且仅当(α,0)是R∝R的广义左morphic元,也当且仅当(α,α)是R∝R的广义左morphic元.     

P—内射环的几个新结果

本文中,我们证明了如下主要结果: 1 如果R是左P-内射环,R又是半素的,且L是R中的极大左零化子,那末L是R的极大左理想,且存在e=e~2∈R使L=Re。2 如果R是左P-内射素环,且有极大左零化子,那末R是左、右本原环。3 设R是左自内射环,那末R是正则环当且仅当对任意本质左理想L,R/L是左P-内射模。4 如果R是强左P-内射环,那末R/Z是正则环。     

非交换环上的McCoy条件

在左(或右)McCoy环上的矩阵环和上三角矩阵环中,找到了一些左(或右)McCoy子环;同时给出了没有单位元的左(或右)McCoy环.说明了一个左McCoy环不一定是右McCoy环,一个右McCoy环不一定是左McCoy环.最后指出reversible环满足一个McCoy条件.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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