荨麻青霉(Penicillium urticae)原生质体的制备与再生

对荨麻青霉原生质体的高效制备以及再生方法进行了探索.结果显示荨麻青霉较为适合的原生质体制备及再生条件的组合:菌龄为28 ℃恒温下培养20～22 h,DTT预处理0.5 h,以7 mg/mL的纤维素酶,7 mg/mL蜗牛酶,5 mg/mL溶菌酶为混合酶,0.6 mol/L的NaCl作为渗透压稳定剂,28 ℃恒温酶解3.5 h,PDA高渗双层培养基再生.该组合制备原生质体形成量达到1.59×107～1.89×107/mL,其再生率达到16.24%～19.25%.     

应用正交实验研究铜绿假单胞菌原生质体制备与再生

通过对铜绿假单胞菌原生质体制备与再生进行正交实验,探讨各因子对铜绿假单胞菌原生质体制备与再生影响水平,得到铜绿假单胞菌原生质体制备与再生的最优条件:酶解时间 0. 5h,酶浓度 2mg/L,菌龄为 15h 此时原生质体形成率为 80. 5%,再生率为 20. 6%     

槐耳原生质体制备与再生研究

对槐耳原生质体制备与再生进行了研究,结果表明:槐耳原生质体制备最佳条件是以液体静置培养9d的菌丝体,0.6mol/L蔗糖作为渗透压稳定剂,在体积质量比2%溶壁酶、1%纤维素酶和1%蜗牛酶作用下,25℃酶解3h,制备率达2.75×106个/mL;再生最佳条件是液体静置培养12d的菌丝体,0.6mol/L甘露醇为渗透压稳定剂,在2%溶壁酶作用下,35℃酶解2h,再生率为12.7%.     

纳豆芽孢杆菌原生质体制备条件的研究

以纳豆芽孢杆菌ZJ-zx为出发菌株,利用溶菌酶进行原生质体制备,并对其制备条件进行了优化.结果表明:在溶菌酶质量浓度为0.6mg/mL、酶解时间为40min、酶解温度为35℃、渗透压稳定剂为0.7mol/L的条件下,制备原生质体的形成率为95.46%,再生率为15.83%,为下一步的诱变育种工作奠定了基础.     

产辅酶Q10的类球红细菌原生质体制备和再生研究

 辅酶Q₁₀(CoQ₁₀)是人类细胞自身产生的内源性辅酶因子,是一类天然抗氧化剂,目前已广泛应用于医药、食品、化妆品等诸多领域.基因组改组技术的核心内容为原生质体融合,为了提高基因组改组的效率,提高辅酶Q₁₀的产量,本研究对产辅酶Q₁₀的类球红细菌原生质体制备及再生条件进行了优化,通过生长曲线、正交试验等确定了原生质体制备及再生的适宜条件：溶菌酶浓度1mg/mL、作用温度37℃、作用时间1h以及再生培养基蔗糖浓度10%.在此条件下,类球红细菌原生质体形成率可达到96.1%,再生率可达到28.8%.这为进一步对该菌的基因组改组研究奠定了基础.     

小克银汉霉原生质体的制备与再生

目的　为了利用微生物发酵生产γ 亚麻酸,研究了小克银汉霉原生质体制备与再生的条件。方法　利用液体振荡培养法,对酶解系统、渗透压稳定剂、菌丝培养时间、酶解温度等因素对小克银汉霉原生质体制备与再生的影响等进行了实验。结果　原生质体的产量可达到5.3×106个/mL,原生质体的再生率达到1.85%。结论　①用2%的蜗牛酶酶解28℃培养24h的菌丝,以0.7mol/L甘露醇作为渗透压稳定剂,酶解前以0 3%β 巯基乙醇处理30min,便可制备大量的小克银汉原生质体;②用含0.8mol/LKCl的高渗双层培养基包埋制备的原生质体,可得到较高的原生质体再生率。     

一株耐盐性酵母的原生质体化及再生条件的优化研究

对一株耐盐性酵母Zygosaccharomyces rouxii的原生质体化及再生条件进行了实验研究.结果表明:用0.5 mg/mL(10 unit/mL)细胞壁溶解酶zymolyase20T在1.0~1.5 mol/L山梨糖醇渗透压调节剂的浓度范围内,原生质体化率可达99%以上,再生率在2%~11%之间,而且用磷酸钾缓冲液比用Tris-HCl缓冲液再生率高.在山梨糖醇浓度1.5 mol/L,zymolyase20T浓度0.5 mg/mL,磷酸钾缓冲液0.1 mol/L(pH6.0)时,30℃、60 min,再生率达30%以上.     

链霉菌702原生质体的制备和再生条件研究

为了确定链霉菌702菌株原生质体制备和再生较优组合条件,以链霉菌702菌株为试验材料,试验设计以单因素和多因素多水平的正交试验。在单因素试验结果中探索该菌的对数生长期为35 h~50 h,在菌丝体培养基中添加1.0%甘氨酸有利于该菌原生质体制备和再生;正交试验分别以影响该菌原生质体制备和再生的菌丝体培养时间、溶菌酶使用浓度、酶解温度和酶解时间的四因素三水平的L9(34)正交试验,试验表明:链霉菌702菌株原生质制备和再生较优组合为A2B2C3D1,即菌丝体培养时间为43 h,溶菌酶浓度为2.0 mg/mL,酶解温度为37℃,酶解时间60 m in,原生质体的制备率和再生率分别达到96.5%和27.8%。本试验为该菌进一步进行原生质体诱变打下良好的基础。     

绣球菌原生质体制备及再生条件的初步研究

为进一步改善绣球菌栽培特性、提高栽培产量,对绣球菌原生质体制备与再生条件进行了初步探索.以绣球菌原生质体再生量为指标,对等渗剂、酶反应温度、pH和反应时间等影响因素进行了优化.结果表明,采用2%的溶壁酶溶解绣球菌菌丝细胞壁,制备原生质体的最佳条件是,以0.6 mol/L蔗糖为等渗剂,在30℃、pH值6.0环境下反应3 h.在此条件下,原生质体的再生量为11 850个/mL.     

刺孢吸水链霉菌与淡紫灰链霉菌原生质体制备条件研究

通过对甘氨酸浓度、酶解温度、酶浓度、酶解时间等影响因素考察,及正交试验优化,确定了刺孢吸水链霉菌和淡紫灰链霉菌原生质体制备的最佳条件.实验结果表明,刺孢吸水链霉菌最佳原生质体制备条件是：甘氨酸浓度为0.5%,酶解温度28 ℃,溶菌酶浓度为3×10-3 g/mL,酶作用时间60 min;淡紫灰链霉菌：甘氨酸浓度为1.0%,酶解温度32 ℃,溶菌酶浓度4×10-3 g/mL,酶作用时间60min.有效的原生质体保存条件是：-20 ℃,在5 d内,原生质体再生率在15%以上.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the