厚壳三维分析的虚边界元最小二乘法

给出虚边界元最小二乘法的基本思想，并计算了厚壳问题，与边界元直接法相比，避免了奇异积分的数值处理，且系数阵是对称的，程序实现较容易，节省近一半机子内存。由数值算例表明，计算精度是令人满意的。     

弹性力学问题的插值型无单元伽辽金比例边界法

比例边界法是一种半解析数值方法,在处理应力奇异性问题和无限域问题时十分有效.在改进的插值型移动最小二乘法的框架下将无单元伽辽金法与比例边界法结合,本文首次提出插值型无单元伽辽金比例边界法求解弹性力学问题.该方法在径向具有解析性质,只需计算域边界上用节点进行离散,并且环向上形函数的高阶连续性可以进一步提高计算精度和收敛速度.运用插值型无单元伽辽金比例边界法进行计算时,不需要基本解,也不存在奇异积分问题.改进的插值型移动最小二乘法形函数具有Kronecker delta函数的性质,可以直接施加本质边界条件.此外,改进的插值型移动最小二乘法不仅克服了Lancaster和Salkauskas的插值型移动最小二乘法采用奇异权函数的缺点,而且计算形函数时待定系数比传统的移动最小二乘法少一个.最后给出了数值算例,并验证了所提分析方法的有效性和正确性.     

三维位势快速多极虚边界元最小二乘法

将快速多极展开法(FMM)和广义极小残值法(GMRES)结合于三维位势问题的虚边界元最小二乘法,使求解方程的计算量和储存量与所求问题的计算自由度数成线性比例;欲达到数值模拟大规模自由度问题的目的.基于位势问题虚边界元最小二乘法的数值求解格式,将对角化和指数展开系数的概念引入到常规的快速多极展开法中,将三维位势问题的基本解推导为更适合于快速多极算法的展开格式,并用广义极小残值法求解方程组,旨在达到进一步提高效率且仍保证较高计算精度的目的.数值算例说明了该方法的可行性,及计算效率和计算精度.     

三维无单元法模拟岩体裂纹扩展

针对岩体结构的复杂性,尤其是裂纹扩展这个岩土工程数值分析中的难点问题,采用无单元滑动最小二乘法来构造位移函数,该方法不需要划分网格,能较好地模拟岩体等介质中的裂纹传播,不仅可以保证计算精度和收敛性,而且可以减少计算难度.文中首先介绍了无单元法的基本思想和程序设计思路,重点推导了三维岩体的无单元计算公式和编制了三维无单元程序,计算了一坝体的位移和应力.     

二维各向异性位势问题的改进插值型边界无单元法

【目的】把边界积分方程方法和基于非奇异权函数的改进移动最小二乘插值法相结合,建立数值求解二维各向异性位势问题的改进插值型边界无单元法。【方法】在改进移动最小二乘插值法的基础上,讨论了非奇异权函数的改进移动最小二乘插值法,它的形函数满足Kroneckerδ函数的性质,因此可以直接施加边界条件。【结果】数值算例表明该方法求解二维各向异性位势问题是有效和可行的。【结论】与边界元方法相比,该方法精度和收敛性更好。     

各向异性板应力集中问题最小二乘虚边界元解法

针对各向异性板的应力集中问题,依据虚边界元法的求解思路,以复变函数表达的基本解作为权函数,建立了相应最小二乘虚边界元的数学模式;其可求解正交各向异性或一般各向异性材料的平面问题.文中给出了含圆孔的各向异性板应力集中问题的数值算例;通过与边界元直接法、有限元法的数值比较可知,本文方法的数值结果具有较高的计算精度.此外,相对其它数值方法本文方法对于各向异性板应力集中问题的求解,具有较好的适用性和数值计算的稳定性.     

虚边界元法在平面压电问题中的应用

利用压电材料平面问题的基本解和弹性力学虚边界元方法的基本思想，提出了压电材料平面问题的虚边界元一最小二乘配点法。该方法继承了传统边界方法的优点，而避免了传统边界元方法遇到的边界积分奇异性问题，是该问题一个十分有效的数值求解方法。     

杂交边界点法在电磁场计算中的应用

以电磁场计算的拉普拉斯方程边值问题为研究对象,将杂交边界点法推广应用于电磁场的数值计算。杂交边界点法基于杂交位移变分原理和移动最小二乘近似,利用基本解插值域内的场函数,而边界上的变量则用移动最小二乘近似,是一种纯边界类型的无网格方法。该方法只需在边界上布点而不需要划分任何网格,解除了节点的网格束缚,能够消除由于网格存在所带来的缺陷。数值算例表明,该方法精度较高、计算量较小,适合于求解各种电磁场问题。     

弹性力学的插值型边界无单元法

我们讨论了移动最小二乘插值法, 对Lancaster推导的公式进行了改进. 在边界无单元法的基础上, 将边界积分方程方法和本文改进的移动最小二乘插值法结合, 提出了弹性力学的插值型边界无单元法, 推导了相应的公式. 本文改进的移动最小二乘插值法中的形函数具有Kronecker函数的性质, 所以我们提出的插值型边界无单元法可以很容易地直接施加本质边界条件. 我们提出的插值型边界无单元法以节点的真实变量作为未知函数, 是无网格边界积分方程方法的直接解法, 具有较高的精度. 最后给出了数值算例说明了本文方法的有效性.     

基于改进移动最小二乘近似的杂交边界点法

针对杂交边界点法中采用移动最小二乘近似时存在的计算量大,易形成病态矩阵的问题,将改进移动最小二乘近似和修正变分原理相结合,提出了基于改进移动最小二乘近似的杂交边界点法.这种方法保留了杂交边界点法的纯无网格法特性,域内未知场函数的计算无需再次沿边界积分等优点,而且不会出现病态方程组,数值计算稳定,计算精度高.数值算例验证了该方法的有效性.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that