Hormone dependency of sex-linked feathering of female hybrid chick embryos (cross new Hampshire ♂ × light sussex ♀)

Zusammenfassung Die rote Daunenpigmentierung der weiblichen F₁ Hybriden der Hühnerrassen Cross New Hampshire × Light Sussex entsteht nicht ohne Ovarialhormone, wie Kastrationsexperimente beweisen. Sie kommt aber zustande, wenn man ganz oder subtotal kastrierten Embryonen Östrogene oder Androgene zuführt oder embryonale Keimdrüsen implantiert.     

Development of black down feathering in hybrid chick embryos (cross new Hampshire ♂ × light sussex Φ) after pituitary implantation

Zusammenfassung Hypophysen von embryonalen oder älteren Hühnern wurden in die Bauchhöhle von 5 Bruttage alten Hybriden der Hühnerkreuzung New Hampshire × Light Sussex implantiert. Vom 12. Bruttage an zeigen die Embryonen beider Geschlechter ein Gebiet mit schwarzer Daunenpigmentierung am Hinterkopf. Implantationen mit anderen Geweben und Injektionen mit synthetischen Hormonen blieben ohne Erfolg, ausgenommen ACTH und MSH, die schwach positiv waren. Die Ansicht, dass das Melanozyten-stimulierende Hormon (MSH) für die verfrühte Entwicklung des schwarzen Nackenkragens der Light-Sussex-Rasse verantwortlich ist, wird durch die Beobachtung erhärtet, dass das Gebiet über der Epiphysis cerebri von schwarzem Gefieder entblösst bleibt.     

Biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in chick embryos

Summary Biosynthesis of ascorbic acid was found in the kidneys (mesonephros and metanephros) of the chick embryo as well as in the yolk sac membrane. The activity of L-gulonolactone oxidase in the yolk sac membrane suggested that it was the major source of ascorbic acid in the chick embryo.I am grateful to Dr R. Jenness (Univ. of Minnesota) for the generous gift of L-gulonolactone and to Dr B. Sanders (Univ. of Texas) for the chick embryo samples     

Biosynthesis of ascorbic acid in chick embryos

Biosynthesis of ascorbic acid was found in the kidneys (mesonephros and metanephros) of the chick embryo as well as in the yolk sac membrane. The activity of L-gulonolactone oxidase in the yolk sac membrane suggested that it was the major source of ascorbic acid in the chick embryo.     

Plasma transcortin concentration in thyroidectomized chick embryos

Summary Concentrations of transcortin binding sites and apparent dissociation constants for corticosterone have been measured in the blood of control and thyroidectomized chick embryos. The levels of corticosterone binding are quantitatively similar in normal and thyroidectomized embryos and vary in parallel during development.     

Toxicity ofPhytophthora infestans andAlternaria solani to chick embryos

Summary None of the extracts and culture filtrates from growth of 9 races ofPhytophthora infestans on living potato tissue and potato dextrose broth are toxic to chick embryos. Chloroform extracts of 4 out of 10 isolates ofAlternaria solani grown on potato dextrose broth showed some toxicity to chick embryos.Acknowledgment. This research was supported by grant FD-00683-03 from the Office of Research Grants, Food and Drug Administration.     

Janus green B and experimental syndactyly in chick embryos

Zusammenfassung JanusgrÜn B mit oxidativen Fermenten, insbesondere mit dem FAD, geht eine Komplexverbindung ein, die eine Syndaktylie zur Folge hat. Die Abbauprodukte des JanusgrÜn B (Diäthylsafranin undp-Dimethylanilin) wirken zwar gleich toxisch wie das JanusgrÜn B, haben aber keinen Syndaktylie-Effekt.

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We are indebted to Prof. B.Menkes for his advice and generous aid in our problems.     

Plasma testosterone concentration in control and testosterone-treated chick embryos

Summary After testosterone propionate treatment (1 or 2 mg per embryo), plasma testosterone in chick embryos rises to 500 times higher than in control animals, and then progressively diminishes during the following days of incubation. These drastic changes in hormonal status after the IP treatment entails consequences that may be considered pharmacological rather than physiological.Acknowledgment. We would like to thank Mrs N. Jeanguyot (UNCEIA, Laboratoire d'hormonologie, Maisons Alfort, France) for her excellent technical assistance in the RIA procedure.     

Toxicity of Phytophthora infestans and Alternaria solani to chick embryos

None of the extracts and culture filtrates from growth of 9 races of Phytophthora infestans on living potato tissue and potato dextrose broth are toxic to chick embryos. Chloroform extracts of 4 out of 10 isolates of Alternaria solani grown on potato dextrose broth showed some toxicity to chick embryos.