武功山高山草甸土壤微生物生物量碳及其影响因素

研究了武功山高山草甸3个不同坡向土壤微生物生物量碳及其影响因素,结果表明：东坡土壤微生物生物量碳含量与土壤有机质含量显著高于南坡和北坡土壤,南坡土壤高于北坡;土壤速效钾（K）浓度以东坡土壤最高,南坡土壤次之,北坡土壤最低,但3个坡面土壤速效钾K含量之间的差异不显著;东坡土壤有效磷（P）的浓度极显著地高于南坡土壤和北坡土壤有效P浓度;不同坡面土壤铵态氮含量依次为北坡〉南坡〉东坡。土壤土壤微生物量生物量碳与土壤有机质含量和P浓度之间存在显著的正相关性,与速效钾K浓度之间相关性不显著,土壤微生物量生物量碳随着土壤铵态氮含量的升高而减小。     

向海湿地不同植被土壤碳代谢相关酶活性分布特征

在向海湿地内选择芦苇(Phragmites australis)、碱草(Leymus chinensis)、碱蓬(Suaeda glauca)、黄花蒿(Artemisia annua Linn)4种植被,以其土壤为研究对象,通过采取4个不同深度(0～10,10～20,20～40,40～60 cm)的土壤样品,测定了土壤碳代谢相关酶的活性,运用单因素多重分析及相关分析探讨了其分布特征及与土壤环境要素的相关性.结果表明：4种植被下的土壤蔗糖酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶活性大体呈现为黄花蒿植被土壤最高、芦苇植被土壤最低的现象,3种酶活性差异显著(P<0.05);芦苇和碱蓬土壤蔗糖酶和纤维素酶活性从土壤表层至深层(0～40 cm)逐渐升高,芦苇、碱草和黄花蒿土壤淀粉酶活性从土壤表层至深层逐渐递减;土壤含水量：芦苇土壤>碱草土壤>碱蓬土壤>黄花蒿土壤,土壤电导率：碱草土壤>芦苇土壤>碱蓬土壤>黄花蒿土壤,土壤pH值：芦苇土壤>碱草土壤>碱蓬土壤>黄花蒿土壤,随着土层深度的增加土壤电导率和pH值逐渐升高但土壤含水量逐渐降低;3种土壤酶活性与土壤含...     

陕北枣林土壤动物与土壤酶活性关系的研究

研究土壤动物及其与枣树根际土壤酶活性的关系,为枣林生态系统土壤健康提供新的科学理论依据。以陕北枣林土壤动物和根际土壤为研究对象,应用茚三酮比色法、二硝基水杨酸比色法、高锰酸钾滴定法、苯酚-次氯酸钠比色法、还原糖测定法分别测定了土壤蛋白酶、淀粉酶、过氧化氢酶、脲酶、转化酶的酶活性,初步研究了枣林土壤动物与土壤酶活性的关系及其季节动态。转化酶活性与土壤动物个体数量(春季)和土壤动物类群数量(冬季)、淀粉酶活性与土壤动物类群数量(夏季)及土壤动物个体数量和密度(冬季)呈负相关,其他均为正相关。陕北枣林土壤动物和土壤酶活性表现出明显的季节动态,土壤蛋白酶和脲酶酶活性与土壤动物的关系最为密切。     

呼伦贝尔典型草原不同放牧梯度上土壤酶活性的变化

土壤酶是存在于土壤中各酶类的总称,是土壤的重要组成成分之一[1]。土壤酶活性作为土壤质量的评价指标是目前土壤酶学研究的重要方向和领域。土壤酶对环境等外界因素引起的变化较敏感,因此土壤酶活性可以作为衡量生态系统土壤质量变化的预警和敏感指标[2]。对呼伦贝尔草     

陕北枣林土壤动物与土壤因子关系研究

目的为深入研究枣林土壤动物对土壤质量变化的指示作用提供基础资料和理论依据。方法在陕北枣林研究区域内,以土壤动物和根际土壤为研究对象,采取野外调查取样、定点动态观测与室内实验测试相结合的研究方法。结果陕北枣林土壤动物类群数与土壤因子的相关程度不如密度明显。大型土壤动物类群数及其和中小型土壤动物密度与土壤营养要素相关程度较为密切,而且pH值无论对土壤动物类群数还是密度影响都最明显;土壤含水量对大型土壤动物的类群和中小型土壤动物密度有显著影响;陕北枣林土壤动物与土壤环境要素特征也具有明显的季节性变化。结论生境差异对大型土壤动物群落类群数均具极显著影响,而季节变化仅对中小型土壤动物个体密度具有显著影响。     

土壤微生物学与土壤地理学关系探讨

本文从土壤类型和土壤微生物群落、土壤肥力与土壤微生物功能、土壤生态系统和土壤微生物的利用、土壤资源和土壤微生物资源的保护以及研究方法等方面,初步探索了土壤地理学与土壤微生物学之间的相互关系,从而揭示出两门学科之间是相互渗透和相互促进的.     

桐粕基生物有机肥对几种旱地土壤钾素养分状况的影响

以降解腐熟的桐籽饼粕为基质,加入解钾菌制成生物有机肥.将解钾菌和生物有机肥加入三种旱地土壤,室温下培养100d,分析测定土壤中速效钾和缓效钾的变化情况.研究结果表明,该生物有机肥能极显著增加土壤速效钾水平,且土壤速效钾增加的数量与土壤本身的速效钾供给水平有关,土壤速效钾供给水平低的土壤增加最多,土壤速效钾供给水平高的土壤增加则较少;对土壤缓效钾的影响亦与土壤速效钾供给水平有关,在土壤速效钾供给水平较低的土壤中,生物有机肥能促进土壤缓效钾向速效钾的释放,土壤缓效钾水平降低,而在土壤速效钾供给水平较高的土壤中,生物有机肥中的解钾菌能促进难溶性矿物态钾的分解释放,土壤速效钾和缓效钾水平同步增加.     

影响土壤入渗能力的剖面因素研究

基于大田耕作土壤剖面类型测试和室内土壤入渗试验,并与均质土壤剖面对比的方法,分析讨论了水分在犁底层和上壤下沙土壤剖面中的入渗特性及其入渗模型.试验结果表明:土壤剖面构型对土壤的入渗能力有明显影响,与均质土壤相比,上述两种剖面的土壤累积入渗量减小,各入渗参数减小,入渗能力减弱.研究结果可以为特殊土壤剖面土壤入渗参数的确定提供参考.     

土壤水资源评价研究进展

阐述了土壤水资源的概念、主要的评价方法、土壤水资源评价中面临的问题以及高效利用土壤水的机制和实用技术.在天然情况下,土壤水资源量从补给的角度论述是土壤截留量,从消耗的角度论述是蒸散量.土壤水资源常用的评价指标包括土壤蓄水量、多年平均可更新土壤水资源、可被植被吸收利用的土壤水资源等.在评价土壤水资源过程中,要考虑气候变化和人类活动对土壤水资源的影响,采用新技术,建立和完善区域土壤水资源评价模型.今后还需要进一步对土壤水分高效利用机制及其实用技术进行研究.     

土壤对磷的吸附效果研究

以土壤作为吸磷剂,研究了其对磷的吸附特性,并探讨了土壤对磷的吸附机制.实验结果表明,供试土壤的磷吸附状况能很好地吻合Langmuir模型,运用该模型可推算出供试土壤的最大磷吸附量,其值介于312.50～1.000.00μg/g之间,大小顺序为:湖南郴州土壤广东新会土壤江苏靖江土壤江苏南京土壤湖北石首土壤.磷的最大吸附量与土壤本身的理化特性相关,黏粒、铁元素、铝元素含量越高的土壤,其对磷的吸附效果越好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-