企业集团税后利润的优化问题

研究一个既有内部关联交易又有外部交易的企业集团如何对税后利润总额进行优化的问题·以转移价格、运输费用分配率、内部交易次数、外部交易次数及交易量为决策变量,建立了企业集团税后利润优化模型·并且考虑了库存占用资金受约束条件下的经济订货批量,将对转移价格的研究与对库存管理的研究做了结合·最后应用进化规划算法做了仿真计算,结果表明企业集团的税后利润可以通过有关变量的调整来优化·     

关于资金成本计算公式之我见

关于资金成本计算公式目前有3种意见。本文从通过计算资金成本选择筹资方式出发,分别考察了考虑和不考虑资金时间价值情况下3种公式的计算结果,说明在相同条件下发行股票这种筹资方式优于发行债券,更优于长期借款。这一结论与人们选择筹资方式的实际行为相吻合。证明在使用资金成本公式时宜采用以下公式:资金成本率=[占用费用/(筹资总额-筹资费用)]×100%     

商业银行在贴现消费优化下的行业投资策略

就考虑贴现效用偏好的情况下如何实现一段投资计划期末最大贴现消费效用,提供了一种行业投资分配策略模型·运用此模型,针对相应的行业投资最优控制问题进行了分析,利用极大值原理结合实际经济过程导出了上述问题的最优控制形式,可以对投资资金进行最优控制决策,达到最佳期望投资效果·     

概率资源约束下多品种库存系统的优化

为了有效利用库存资源,同时降低大型仓储配送中心的运行成本,需要对随机需求下的多品种库存问题进行深入研究。在原有单周期线性资源约束下的多品种订货策略的基础上,通过将一种概率形式的库存资源约束应用于多品种(Q,R)策略,实现对仓库面积和运营资金更为科学的管理和控制。同时还提出了一种有效的多项式启发式算法,为物流企业在实际库存管理中应用这一模型提供了解决方案。相对于已有的方法,在不增加资源使用量的情况下,该方法可以节约平均库存成本30%以上。     

需求不确定的分销系统最小成本模型

提出一种分销系统的最小成本模型,这里的产品为单一产品,产品的需求和到达的提前期都是不确定的,且允许缺货·运用该模型研究两个制造商两个分销商组成的分销网络成本优化问题,把分销商满足市场需求时的服务水平作为优化问题的约束条件·综合考虑库存成本、订货成本、运输成本和缺货成本,给出了求解满足约束的最优订货量的算法,最后给出案例     

再制造系统的库存控制研究

分析了再制造系统库存控制的特点，提出了两个简单有效的库存控制策略：PUSH策略和PULL策略，比较了不同参数条件下传统制造过程和混合系统中库存控制分别采用PUSH策略和PULL策略情况下系统的平均生产费用，结果对于生产实践具有一定的指导意义．     

反向物流库存模型控制策略

为了研究带回收物流的库存问题,建立了一个两级最优库存策略模型、一个回收源、一个订货补充点,包括固定单位订货成本、固定维修成本、库存成本和缺货成本的反向物流库存模型;在不考虑Leadtime的情况下,首先对单周期决策问题进行了分析,得出了两级最优库存策略的求法;对于固定维修成本很小可以不计的情况,证明了(Sy)(sm,Sm)两级策略的最优性,分析了有限多周期的库存策略;最后,给出了无限周期的近似策略并进行了数值实验分析.     

供应商管理库存的利润模型及其优化策略

研究了供应链管理环境下新的库存策略·对有确定需求、有初始库存和库存短缺的一种畅销商品,建立了供应商管理库存的供应链模型·通过对此模型的进一步分析,证明了在供应商管理库存短期激励下,供应商管理库存将减少整个供应链的总的库存相关成本·但是这会增加供应商的库存相关成本,所以在实施供应商管理库存的起始阶段,应该首先考虑供应商和买方库存系统之间严重不匹配的商品·结果为双方企业合并其库存提供了有力的理论基础·     

考虑库存分配的多年度二级分销网络优化模型

提出多年度二级分销网络最优化模型·模型考虑多工厂、多城市的情况,并且各工厂产量、各城市需求量随年度变化·二级分销网络问题属于一类选址-分配问题,但不同于以往的非确定位置选址问题·模型主要特点是考虑多年度生产分销,是在一个较长时间范围内的动态规划问题·模型同时考虑在城市建立仓库的库存管理情况·给出了数值例子进行仿真     

基于连续时间马尔可夫过程的证券投资策略

在假设股票价格所处状态间的转移概率连续变化情况下,得到了股票价格转移概率的常微分方程组;考虑股票在不同状态之间转移所获得报酬及股票在状态发生转移之前单位时间所获得的报酬的情况下,给出了股票在不同状态之间发生转移的总期望报酬模型·通过对总期望报酬模型进行变换得到了策略改进算法·同时得到了转移系数矩阵一般表达式,给出了针对具体股票状态转移时间间隔的指数分布并对其进行了估计·     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the