Structure-property relationship of potassium titanyl (KTP) isomorphous substituted crystal

KTiOPO-4(KTP) crystal is a nonlinear optical material with superior properties. The KTP structure, point group mm2, is typified by the chemical form {K++}〔Ti 4+〕O(P 5+)O-4, where the curly brackets indicate nine or eightfold coordination, the square brackets sixfold octahedral coordination and the parentheses fourfold tetrahedral coordination. Different isovalent and aliovalent substitutions in a given structure is quite interesting. The KTP-type structure is extremely accommodating with respect to partial or complete isomorphous substitution which may be especially significant in optical devices such as waveguides. A monographic review of the structure-property relationship of KTP isomorphous substitution is briefly and precisely presented. It is shown that the properties of KTP are very sensitive to its structure. Among the composition, structure and properties of KTP-type crystal, the structure is the core because it is a link between the composition and properties.     

KTP和BBO晶体对1.06μm皮秒光脉冲的倍频效率

用５ｍｍ的ＫＴＰ（ＫＴｉＯＰＯ４）和ＢＢＯ（β－ＢａＢ２Ｏ４）非线性晶体，对皮秒的ＣＰＭ，Ｎｄ∶ＹＡＧ脉冲激光的腔外倍频效应进行研究，获得倍频能量转换效率分别为４２％和３２％，证明ＫＴＰ倍频效率高于ＢＢＯ，结果与理论分析相符．     

BTCC和KTP晶体倍频素数的测量

本文提供了一个完整的马克条纹方法测定正交晶系mm2晶类晶体倍频系数的基本理论过程,得出了马克条纹测量中二次谐波强度的基本表示式,并以BTCC 和KTP 晶体为例说明了如上理论在实际测量中的应用.     

水热法KTP晶体生长及形貌特征

晶体宏观形态和表面微形貌特征是晶体生长机制的具体反映,通过对晶体形貌特征的研究,探寻晶体生长的规律,为进一步改善晶体的质量打下基础。通过对水热法KTP晶体(磷酸钛氧钾,KT iOPO4,KTP)宏观形态和表面微形貌的研究,首次发现了KTP晶体中高指数晶面和{100}单形晶面上的螺旋生长纹,探讨发现高指数晶面和{100}单形晶面上螺旋纹的形成原因主要是溶液的过饱和度偏低以及籽晶的悬挂方式,为生长高质量的KTP晶体,提出了增大原材料溶解区与晶体生长区的温度差、改变籽晶的切向和悬挂方向等建议。     

Archimedean-like tiling on decagonal quasicrystalline surfaces

Monolayers on crystalline surfaces often form complex structures with physical and chemical properties that differ strongly from those of their bulk phases. Such hetero-epitactic overlayers are currently used in nanotechnology and understanding their growth mechanism is important for the development of new materials and devices. In comparison with crystals, quasicrystalline surfaces exhibit much larger structural and chemical complexity leading, for example, to unusual frictional, catalytical or optical properties. Deposition of thin films on such substrates can lead to structures that may have typical quasicrystalline properties. Recent experiments have indeed showed 5-fold symmetries in the diffraction pattern of metallic layers adsorbed on quasicrystals. Here we report a real-space investigation of the phase behaviour of a colloidal monolayer interacting with a quasicrystalline decagonal substrate created by interfering five laser beams. We find a pseudomorphic phase that shows both crystalline and quasicrystalline structural properties. It can be described by an archimedean-like tiling consisting of alternating rows of square and triangular tiles. The calculated diffraction pattern of this phase is in agreement with recent observations of copper adsorbed on icosahedral Al(70)Pd(21)Mn(9) surfaces. In addition to establishing a link between archimedean tilings and quasicrystals, our experiments allow us to investigate in real space how single-element monolayers can form commensurate structures on quasicrystalline surfaces.     

准相位匹配PPKTP极化反转的监测

文中提出了采用电光效应实时监测判断KTiOPO_4(KTP)晶体周期性极化反转进程的实验方案,分析了在高压电场极化脉冲作用下,KTP晶体的电光效应的基本特性和极化电流所表现出来的峰值特性,以及它们与KTP晶体的铁电畴反转之间存在的依赖关系,并确定了用监控光强的变化来判断极化反转程度的基本依据,在监测系统的帮助下对熔盐法生长的KTP晶体进行了极化反转．最后对获得的PPKTP进行了化学蚀刻,结果表明,获得的PPKTP质量有了明显提高．倍频转换效率达到1．13%．     

BSO液晶光阀的设计与制作

介绍了基于紫外光敏材料硅酸铋(BSO)晶体光寻址液晶光阀(LCLV)的工作原理和设计要求。研究BSO的光电导特性,论述了BSO晶体产生光电导效应的机理,设计了BSO晶体电导特性的测试方案,测量BSO晶体的光电特性,表明BSO具有良好的紫外光电导特性,可作为光寻址LCLV的光敏层。通过实验测量得到了液晶的阻抗特性。最后制作BSO基LCLV,实验证明该光阀的可行性。     

过滤净化对铝合金组织和性能的影响

本文研究了过滤净化6063铝合金铸棒的试验应用情况。研究结果表明,过滤可提高铸棒的机械性能,减少夹杂、裂纹、缩松、羽毛晶等常见缺陷。过滤后铸棒组织中的柱状晶区缩小,中心等轴晶区扩大、晶粒度降低。分析了过滤对合金凝固行为及力学性能的影响机制。     

无序 FCC TixAl(1-x)合金的电子结构和热力学性质

应用合金系统科学(SSA)框架,确定FCC Ti-Al合金系结构参数和性质及相应特征晶体的基本信息;在FCC Ti-Al系中,通过SSA框架计算得到Ti和Al特征原子序列的电子结构和性质;确定新的Gibbs能函数与结构参数和性质能紧密关联。研究结果表明,应用特征原子排列设计可设计无序和有序合金,它们的电子结构、晶格常数、物理性质和热力学性质随成分的变化都可由此求得。     

Polyoma virus capsid structure at 22.5 A resolution

X-ray diffraction data from polyoma capsid crystals were phased by refinement of low-resolution starting models to obtain a self-consistent structural solution. The unexpected result that the hexavalent morphological unit is a pentamer shows that specificity of bonding is not conserved among the protein subunits in the icosahedrally symmetric capsid.     

新颖深紫外二阶非线性光学材料的研究进展

深紫外非线性光学晶体在光刻、微加工及高分辨光电能谱仪等领域有重要的应用．本文将深紫外非线性光学材料按其结构基元的几何特点分为π共轭体系(硼酸盐、碳酸盐和硝酸盐)和非π共轭体系(磷酸盐、硫酸盐和硅酸盐)2大类，并总结和讨论了各类材料的晶体结构、线性和二阶非线性光学性能以及设计合成策略．希望能为探索新一代深紫外非线性光学材料提供有益的帮助．      

降凝剂对胜利原油蜡晶的影响

利用X-RAY衍射、偏光显微镜和微电泳仪研究了降凝剂对原油中蜡的结晶的影响。 取得以下主要结论:从原油中分离出的蜡晶为正交晶型的晶体,晶面距为0．4156nm,结晶度 为70．5％,表现出长程有序;原油组分增大了蜡晶转化成斜方晶型的趋势,使蜡晶的晶面距 增大,蜡晶表现为短程有序,这种转化依赖于原油组分的性质和含量;降凝剂降低蜡晶体的 有序度,晶面距增大到0．4190nm,57％的蜡转化为斜方晶型;降凝剂使蜡晶带电,由于电性 排斥使蜡晶高度分散而稳定存在．     

金属氧化物纳米晶体的表面结构控制及功能调控的研究进展

晶体具有各向异性,不同晶面上的原子排布、成键方式等都不尽相同,从而导致各种晶面的物理和化学性质的差异,因此通过控制裸露晶面就可以调控晶态材料(特别是微纳米晶态材料)的相关性质.近年来,关于微纳米晶体的表面结构控制的研究已成为纳米材料的一个研究热点.在文中,首先简要回顾国际上在该领域研究的情况,然后着重介绍了在部分金属氧化物微纳米晶体的表面结构控制方面的相关研究进展.     

A new long-acting GLP-1 derivative KTP ameliorates hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia and improves pancreas and fatty liver in db/db mice

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a polypeptide incretin hormone that glucose-dependently promotes the secretion and synthesis of insulin. However, its half-life is extremely short. To enhance its half-life, we developed a long-acting GLP-1 derivative KTP with controlled release, designed on the basis of another GLP-1 derivative GP62. The kinetics and bioactivity of KTP were evaluated in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats. Long-term treatment of KTP was performed in db/db mice. Mice were treated twice daily with subcutaneous injections of KTP (1.2 mg/kg body weight), Exendin-4 (0.1 mg/kg body weight) or vehicle (phosphate buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4) for 60 d. KTP had a longer half-life, as well as further increasing the secretion and production of insulin and reducing blood glucose concentrations, than GP62. Long-term treatment with KTP also induced anorexia, decreased water and food intake, decreased weight gain, improved blood glucose and blood lipid and ameliorated pancreatic damage and fatty liver in db/db mice.     

准周期光子晶体的传输特性

本文利用数值模拟和实验的方法研究了准晶光子晶体的传输特性和局域特性.能流和态密度的计算结果都表示十二重准晶光子晶体具有光子带隙.但是,和周期性的光子晶体不同,具有确定频率的电磁波局域在无缺陷的十二重准晶光子晶体中.理论分析表明,这种局域模是由准晶光子晶体结构中的无序性和自相似性相互竞争的结果.     

鱼抗冻多肽溶液中冰晶生长习性

分析了鱼抗冻多肽分子的结构特点和鱼抗冻多肽溶液中抗冻多肽分子（ＡＦ（Ｇ）Ｐ）与冰晶表面的相互作用机理．提出了鱼抗冻多肽溶液中的冰晶生长理论．合理地解释了冰晶生长的各向异性习性．并给出了周期性键链理论的一个定量形式．     

基于同步辐射白光形貌术和X射线迹线法的6H-SiC单晶结构缺陷研究

[目的]SiC材料结构缺陷的检测和控制是实现材料应用的关键环节,因此本文对6H-SiC单晶中的结构缺陷进行研究。[方法]采用同步辐射白光形貌术观察6H-SiC单晶中的基本螺位错和基平面弯曲,并利用X射线迹线法模拟基本螺位错的形貌和基平面弯曲后衍射斑点的形状。[结果]6H-SiC单晶中的典型结构缺陷之一为基本螺位错,它的形貌特征为白色的圆斑;由于热弹应力的存在,6H-SiC单晶在生长过程中容易发生基平面弯曲,结果导致衍射斑点的形状发生改变。[结论]同步辐射白光形貌术和X射线迹线法可以用于检测6H-SiC单晶结构缺陷;样品的基本螺位错密度为1.56×10~4/cm~2,基平面弯曲半径近似为1m。     

Assembly and Characterization of Coordination Polymer Nanostructural Materials at Interfaces

1 Results Molecular self-assembly of one-/two-dimensional (1D/2D) nanostructures has recently received great interest because the specific structures of crystals determine their unique physical and chemical properties. Coordination polymers contain two central components, connectors and linkers. Transition metal ions are often used as versatile connectors, with coordination numbers ranging from 2 to 7 dependant on the oxidation states of the metal ions. Multidentate ligands are often used as linkers, wh...     

经尿道激光治疗泌尿外科疾病

自１９９５年５月～１９９８年４月用ＫＴＰ／ＹＡＧ激光经尿道治疗前列腺增生症５６例，膀胱癌９例，尿道狭窄７例。所有病例术后均排尿通畅，前列腺增生症状明显改善，残余尿量明显减少，尿流率明显增加，无严重并发症，有效率达１００％。９例膀胱癌均采取扩大范围照射，除１例因晚期转移癌死亡外，８例至今未见复发。２例后尿道狭窄术后１年复发需长期行尿道扩张。结果表明ＫＴＰ／ＹＡＧ激光治疗泌尿外科疾病比电切具有明显的优点，安全可靠，创伤少、出血少、并发症少、禁忌症少、适应症广，尤适用于老年、体弱多病患者     

多原子晶体中极化子的光学声子平均数

研究多原子晶体中极化子光学声子平均数的性质．采用线性组合算符和幺正变换方法，分别导出多原子晶体中强、弱耦合极化子的光学声子平均数．结果表明：对于弱耦合得到光学声子平均数是由不同支声子与电子耦合产生的声子平均数之和的通常结果，对于强耦合存在一个由于不同支声子之间交叉项贡献的附加声子平均数。