槲皮素对运动训练大鼠肝组织自由基代谢及运动能力影响实验研究

通过对大鼠在安静状态、非力竭运动状态及力竭运动状态下肝组织中总超氧化物歧化酶(T—SOD)、铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(CuZn—SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及丙二醛(MDA)含量的测定，分析了槲皮素对运动训练大鼠肝组织自由基代谢及运动能力的影响．结果表明，槲皮素对运动训练大鼠肝组织产生的自由基具有清除效果和保护作用，可减少运动后因脂质过氧化产生的内源性自由基对机体的损伤，保护细胞膜的完整性，从而增强抗氧化酶活力．提高大鼠运动能力．     

芦荟对小鼠胃粘膜的保护作用

通过建立芦荟提取液小鼠的力竭游泳训练实验模型，测定了小鼠胃粘膜中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性、丙二醛（MDA）的水平。结果表明：灌服芦荟提取液后，小鼠游泳运动力明显提高，胃粘膜中SOD活性显高于各自对照组，MDA含量显低于各自对照组，说明芦荟具有一定的抗自由基损伤和抗脂质过氧化损伤的作用，对胃粘膜具有一定的保护作用。     

蜂胶对小鼠运动能力及心肌自由基代谢的影响

目的:通过给昆明(KM)小鼠灌服蜂胶液四周并于最后一次游泳训练至力竭实验,观察训练后小鼠心肌脂质过氧化损伤程度,探讨蜂胶抗氧化、保护心肌组织、提高机体抗疲劳能力的作用.方法:KM小鼠随机分为安静对照组(A)、运动对照组(B)、运动给药组(C).记录小鼠游泳至力竭时间,并测定心肌细胞MDA含量、SOD、GSH-Px、Ca2+ -ATPase的活性.结果显示:1)C组小鼠游泳至力竭时间明显长于B组(P <0.05).2) 4周递增负荷游泳训练并于最后一次力竭后,B组小鼠运动能力下降,心肌MDA含量显著增高(P<0.05),SOD、GSH-Px、Ca2+-ATPase活性均显著下降(P<0.05).3)C组小鼠力竭运动后心肌细胞MDA含量低于B组(P<0.05),SOD 、GSH-Px 、Ca2+-ATPase活性显著高于B组(P<0.05).结论: 1)4周递增负荷训练,小鼠呈疲劳状态,心肌脂质过氧化程度明显升高.2)蜂胶可通过提高抗氧化酶活性、减少自由基的生成而降低心肌脂质过氧化损伤,具有抗氧化的作用.3)蜂胶能明显延长小鼠游泳至力竭时间,具有提高机体耐力运动能力、延缓疲劳的作用.     

槐米水提液对训练小鼠运动能力影响的机制研究

把ICR小鼠随机分为三组（安静组、运动对照组和运动加药组），服用药物为槐米水提液，建立实验模型、三周后测定各组小鼠血清、肝和股四头肌的超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、丙二醛（MDA）、血红蛋白（Hb）、肝糖原和肌糖原等指标．结果表明，运动加药组小鼠血清、肝和股四头肌的SOD活性、肝糖原、肌糖原、血红蛋白含量较运动对照组显著提高，MDA含量明显低于运动对照组．说明槐米水提液可提高运动训练小鼠的抗氧化能力．     

大豆黄酮对衰老小鼠脑组织抗氧化能力的影响

用大豆黄酮(daidzein)灌喂脑老化模型小鼠．5周后分别测定各组小鼠脑组织的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活性、总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和丙二醛(MDA)含量．结果显示：大豆黄酮能够使脑老化模型小鼠的SoD的活力和T-AOC显增加，LDH的活力和MDA的含量极显下降，其中T-AOC和MDA超过了生理盐水对照组，暗示大豆黄酮除了通过提高SOD的活性来增加机体抗氧化能力外，还存在通过其他的途径来提高机体的抗氧化能力，并且大豆黄酮在抗氧化水平上还有一定的剂量效应．     

灌服蜂胶对训练小鼠骨骼肌自由基代谢的影响

通过建立灌服蜂胶小鼠的渐进负荷游泳训练实验模型,测定了小鼠骨骼肌中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的活性和丙二醛(MDA)的含量,以了解蜂胶对运动小鼠骨骼肌自由基代谢的影响.实验结果:灌服蜂胶以后药物组小鼠运动后骨骼肌组织SOD活性显著高于运动组(P<0.05);安静组SOD活性显著高于运动组和药物组(P<0.05);药物组MDA含量显著低于运动组(P<0.05),安静组MDA含量显著低于运动组(P<0.05).但安静组和药物组MDA含量并无显著差异(P>0.05).结论:蜂胶具有较强的抗自由基氧化损伤的能力和作用.服用蜂胶能有效减轻运动所产生的内源性自由基对小鼠骨骼肌组织的破坏,有利于增强小鼠的运动能力和延缓疲劳的发生.     

补充白藜芦醇对小鼠抗氧化能力的影响

观察补充白藜芦醇(resveratrol,Res)对小鼠骨骼肌、心肌、肝脏、脑组织及血清中抗氧化指标的影响.24只雄性昆明种小鼠随机分为安静对照组(C)、运动对照组(M)、运动+白藜芦醇组(R),每组8只.R组每天给予Res10 mg/kg灌胃,连续进行2周;2周后M和R组进行一次坡度为0°、速度为18 m/min、持续时间120 min的跑台运动,跑台运动后24 h测定小鼠血清、腓肠肌、心肌、肝脏及脑中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)含量.结果显示:与C组相比,M组除脑组织外,血清、腓肠肌、心肌、肝脏组织中MDA含量均明显升高(P＜0.01),SOD活性明显降低(P＜0.01);与M组相比,R组除脑组织外,其他各组织中MDA含量明显降低(P＜0.05),SOD活性明显升高(P＜0.01).由此可知,白藜芦醇可提高小鼠各组织中SOD活性,抑制脂质过氧化,增强机体的抗氧化能力,延缓机体疲劳的发生.     

葛根素对运动大鼠血清自由基代谢及运动能力的影响

通过建立竭力游泳训练模型,测试大鼠血清SOD、GSH-Px、GSH、T-AOC、MDA含量,探讨葛根素对运动训练大鼠血清自由基代谢及运动能力的影响.研究结果表明,安静时葛根素组大鼠血清SOD、T-AOC高于对照组,而MDA含量低于对照组(P<0.05);运动后即刻和恢复24 h葛根素组大鼠血清SOD、GSH-Px活性、T-AOC显著高于相应对照组(P<0.05),而MDA含量明显低于相应对照组(P<0.05);且葛根素组游泳时间较对照组有显著延长(P<0.05).葛根素可显著提高运动大鼠抗自由基氧化的功能,使小鼠运动能力有了明显提高.     

几丁聚糖对力竭游泳小鼠红细胞自由基代谢水平的影响

昆明(KM)小鼠灌服几丁聚糖6周后,观察力竭游泳小鼠红细胞自由基代谢水平变化,探讨几丁聚糖保护红细胞、提高机体抗疲劳能力的作用.把KM小鼠随机分为安静组、力竭组、药物组.安静组正常饲养,药物组按0 .33 g(/kg.d)灌服几丁聚糖,6周后力竭组和药物组进行力竭游泳实验,记录游泳至力竭的时间,并测定红细胞丙二醛( MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶( GPH-Px)的活性.实验结果表明:补充几丁聚糖可延长小鼠游泳至力竭的时间;小鼠力竭游泳后红细胞MDA含量显著升高,SOD酶活性均显著下降,GPH-Px酶活性有下降趋势但没有统计学意义;药物组力竭运动后红细胞MDA含量显著低于力竭组,SOD活性显著高于力竭组,GSH-Px活性与力竭组相比有升高趋势但没有统计学意义.实验结果提示,几丁聚糖具有阻止红细胞脂质过氧化、提高红细胞抗氧化酶活性的作用,并能明显延长小鼠游泳至力竭的时间,具有提高机体抗疲劳能力的作用.     

槐米与维生素C对运动训练小鼠协同抗氧化作用的研究

通过建立实验模型，研究了槐米与维生素C对运动训练小鼠的协同抗氧化作用．把ICR小鼠随机分为4组，即运动对照组、运动槐米组、运动维生素C组和运动槐米与维生素C组．三组加药组分别每日灌服相同剂量的槐米提取液、维生素C液、槐米与维生素C混合液，3周后测定各组小鼠血清、肝和股四头肌的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)、血红蛋白(Hb)、肝糖原和肌糖原等指标．结果表明，各加药组小鼠血清、肝和股四头肌的SOD活性、Hb、肝糖原、肌糖原含量较运动对照组显著提高，MDA含量明显低于运动对照组．运动槐米与维生素C组较其它3组的结果有更显著的变化趋势，说明槐米与维生素C液对运动训练小鼠的抗氧化能力有良好的协同性。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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