基于瑞利熵的多无源传感器数据关联

多维分配模型在构造关联代价函数时,直接利用极大似然估计值代替目标的真实位置信息,未考虑极大似然估计所引入的随机误差。针对此问题,提出一种基于瑞利熵的多无源传感器数据关联算法。该算法利用瑞利熵度量量测后验概率密度函数与伪量测概率密度函数之间的差异,构造关联代价函数。仿真实验结果表明:该算法有效地提高了关联正确率,具有较好的关联性能。     

一种雷达网络偏差估计补偿方法

为了提高雷达目标跟踪精度,针对雷达网络跟踪系统的时变配准偏差补偿问题,该文提出了一种通用的估计补偿方法.该方法根据雷达提供的测量信息,引入伪测量方程和等价偏差的概念,结合卡尔曼滤波方法估计出雷达的量测偏差和位置,用于补偿和修正量测信息.该方法使雷达的跟踪精度比补偿前明显提高.统计意义下的仿真结果显示了该方法的有效性.     

天基无源方式空间目标定位跟踪算法的实现

针对空间目标定位跟踪会因受到天气、地域和时间等因素的影响而导致跟踪精度下降、滤波不稳定的问题,采用天基无源方式对空间目标进行观测、定位和跟踪;依靠光电传感器的被动测角和针对无线电信号的侦察截获;通过天基观测站获取角度量测信息,建立仅测角无源跟踪状态方程和量测方程,再分别通过EKF、UKF和SCKF三种卡尔曼滤波算法对角度量测信息进行滤波估计从而实现对空间目标的实时跟踪。仿真结果表明,天基无源方式空间目标定位跟踪算法具有精度高、滤波稳定的优点,EKF、UKF、SCKF三种滤波算法均能实现对空间目标的实时跟踪,其中以SCKF效果最佳,验证了天基无源方式空间目标定位跟踪算法的有效可行性,对军事应用具有极大意义。     

有色量测噪声情况下的多传感器目标跟踪融合算法

目前已有的目标跟踪融合估计算法都是基于Kalman滤波的,而卡尔曼滤波估计算法要求系统过程噪声和量测噪声均为白色噪声,而实际的跟踪系统中量测噪声往往是有色噪声。针对上述问题,本文利用线性组合当前量测与下一时刻量测的量测扩增法,研究了有色量测噪声情况下的集中式、分布式多传感器目标跟踪融合算法。并对新的融合算法进行仿真分析,仿真结果表明新的融合算法具有良好的跟踪性能。     

一种基于Unscented卡尔曼滤波的多平台多传感器配准算法

首先给出传感器偏差配准模型,然后将目标的运动模型和传感器偏差组合在同一个状态方程中,利用Unscented卡尔曼滤波（UKF）方法进行状态和偏差联合估计,最后理论分析了配准偏差对状态估计的影响。Monte-Carlo仿真表明,该方法能同时有效地估计目标状态和传感器配准偏差。     

基于距离和信息的单目标精确跟踪

对仅有“距离和”测量信息的多传感器系统提出了一种对量测方程预处理的快速卡尔曼跟踪算法．该卡尔曼跟踪算法通过对量测方程预处理得到目标位置与“距离和”测量量成线性关系的观测方程；状态变量只选目标的空间坐标，而速度矢量仅作为确定性输入量加入状态方程，速度矢量通过引入速度“伪测量值”滤波得到．并同以前的跟踪算法仿真比较表明，该方法计算量小，收敛速度快，精度高，具有一定的实用价值．     

多传感器组网系统空间配准算法

传统的偏差配;住技术多基于球极投影,当传感器距离较远时,给配准结果引入一定的偏差,使用地心地固（ECEF）坐标系,以一个传感器为融合中心,提出了多传感器动态偏差的估计模型,能较好地解决了远距离偏差估计问题,由于的最小二乘法和广义最小二乘法不能满足实时动态系统配准,提出利用序惯卡尔曼滤波算法实现动态系统偏差估计,通过仿真试验说明该模型和算法能有效地进行传感器动态偏差估计．     

基于联邦滤波的抗欺骗干扰目标跟踪

基于联邦滤波思想将机载数据链、光电传感器和雷达的探测信息进行融合以解决跟踪过程中雷达易受欺骗干扰的问题。针对不同的欺骗干扰方式,对雷达受欺骗干扰时的量测特性进行了分析;提出了多传感器融合干扰检测算法;结合多模型交互、时间配准、信息等价转换、信息分配,提出了了机载多传感器联邦滤波抗欺骗干扰融合算法的具体实现方法。仿真结果表明本算法能够检测并应对雷达的欺骗干扰,确保对真实目标的有效跟踪。     

带有量测数据丢失的虚观测鲁棒卡尔曼滤波算法

针对传感器量测数据丢失的卡尔曼(Kalman)滤波问题进行了研究,提出了一种基于虚观测值的鲁棒卡尔曼滤波算法,针对伯努利(Bernoulli)分布描述的量测数据丢失的模型,充分利用当前时刻的先验信息,应用趋势移动平均法来预估构造丢失数据时刻的虚观测值,建立了等效的传感器量测模型.利用鲁棒卡尔曼滤波方法来消除预测偏差较大的虚观测值对目标跟踪的影响,从而达到对目标的稳健跟踪.仿真实例说明了该算法能在量测数据丢失的情况下对目标进行有效的跟踪,跟踪精度高于跳变线性系统的卡尔曼滤波算法.     

拓展目标量测集合分割算法

针对拓展目标概率假设密度滤波器采用的量测集合所有可能分割方式在实际中几乎不能够实现的问题,提出了一种采用有限混合模型的量测集合近似分割算法,对所有可能分割方式进行近似处理。算法利用有限混合模型拟合量测集合以实现对量测集合的分割,首先利用期望极大化算法极大似然估计混合参数,然后利用量测来源的条件概率分割量测集合,最后以二维场景为例进行了仿真实验。仿真结果表明:新算法在所有时刻上的最优子模式分配和混合分量数目均小于现有的典型量测集合分割算法;在拓展目标跟踪性能上,新算法具有更好的多拓展目标跟踪性能。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that