催化氧化法处理对氯硝基苯(PCNB)废水的研究

以活性炭为催化剂，H2O2作氧化剂催化氧化降解对氯硝基苯(PCNB)，结果表明，在H2O2／CODcr=1．2，活性炭／H2O2=0．4，pH=3．0的条件下，反应可在180min结束，PCNB的去除率高于99％，CODcr去除率可达80％，与Fenton试剂法相比较，CODcr去除率提高1．78倍，并对降解机理作了初步讨论。     

气相色谱法测定黄芪甘草中有机氯农药残留量

[目的]建立黄芪甘草中分析有机氯农药六六六（BHC）,滴滴涕（DDT）,五氯硝基苯（PCNB）残留量的一种毛细柱气相色谱的分析方法．[方法]样品以丙酮提取,在氯化钠存在下,以二氯甲烷进行液液分配,用浓硫酸磺化,采用弹性石英毛细管柱Rtx-225（30m＊0．32mm＊0．10um）及电子捕获检测器（ECD）,外标法计算含量．[结果]加样回收率在90．43%-104．58％,RSD％为0．05％-4．28％样品中检出的有机氯农药残留量总六六六（BHC）小于200ng／g,总滴滴涕（DDT）小于200ng／g,五氯硝基苯（PCNB）小于100ng／g,均符合国家标准．[结论]该法适用于测定黄芪甘草中的有机氯农药残留量．     

丹参片等四种中成药中有机氯农药残留量分析

用毛细管气相色谱法一次分析丹参片等四种中成药中六六六(α、β、γ、δ—BHC)、DDT(P，P’-DDE、P，P’-DDD、O，P’-DDT、P，P’-DDT)、五氯硝基苯(PCNB)和艾氏剂(Aldrin)，方法灵敏度高，最低检测浓度为1．0～3．8ng／g，精密度1．70％—6．89％(RSD)，加样回收率82．9％～98．6％，实验结果表明，四种中成药的有机氯农药残留量较低，均符合我国对植物药和制剂的进出口行业标准。     

RuCl3/TPPTS催化CO选择还原间氯硝基苯反应

将水溶性膦／钌配合物用于以CO为还原剂的水／有机两相间氯硝基苯选择还原为间氯苯胺的反应．考察了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)与氢氧化钠(NaOH)浓度、反应温度、CO压力以及膦／钌比例等因素对反应结果的影响．研究结果表明，当反应条件为135℃、CO压力3MPa、NaOH浓度2mol／L时，反应8h，问氯硝基苯的转化率为97％，间氨苯胺的选择性可达到99％以上．通过简单的相分离操作就能将水相中的催化剂循环使用，循环使用3次后，间氯硝基苯的转化率和间氨苯胺的收率仍可达到89％以上．     

邻氯硝基苯降解菌Pseudomonas putida OCNB-1的分离、鉴定与降解质粒研究

摘要：以邻氯硝基苯为唯一碳源、氮源和能源从某化工厂废水处理站分离出一株细菌, 经微生物自动测定仪WSVTK-R07.02和16SrRNA扩增测序鉴定为Pseudomonas putida;在 培养基pH为8.0,培养温度32 ℃,摇床转速120 rpm 条件下考察了该菌株降解邻氯硝基苯的能力, 菌株42 h内将起始浓度为1.07 mM的对邻氯硝基苯降解近80%;经质粒检测,在菌株OCNB-1中发现一条质粒条带,选用7种内切酶对质粒pOCNB-1进行单酶切,得出质粒大小约为32 Kb;抗生素抗性实验表明菌株对红霉素、氨苄青霉素、青霉素钠的抗性与质粒无关,对利福平、氯霉素的抗性与质粒有关;通过细菌接合,质粒转移到无降解邻氯硝基苯能力的Pseudomonas.stutzeri受体菌中,接合子Pseudomonas.stutzeri能利用邻氯硝基苯为唯一碳源、氮源和能源,证明质粒为降解质粒。     

邻氯硝基苯降解菌OCNB-1的分离鉴定与降解质粒

以邻氯硝基苯为唯一碳源、氮源和能源,从某化工厂废水处理站活性污泥中分离出一株细菌OCNB-1, 经微生物自动测定仪WSVTK-R07.02和16S rDNA扩增测序初步鉴定为Pseudomonas putida;在培养基pH值为8.0、培养温度为32 ℃、摇床转速为120 r/min的条件下,考察了该菌株降解邻氯硝基苯的能力,发现菌株42 h内将起始浓度为1.07 mmol/L的该化合物降解了约80%;经质粒检测,在OCNB-1菌株中发现一条质粒条带,选用7种内切酶对质粒pOCNB-1进行单酶切,得出质粒大小约为32 kbp;抗生素抗性实验表明菌株对红霉素、氨苄青霉素、青霉素钠的抗性与质粒无关,对利福平、氯霉素的抗性与质粒有关;通过细菌接合,质粒转移到无降解邻氯硝基苯能力的Pseudomonas.stutzeri受体菌中,接合子Pseudomonas.stutzeri能利用邻氯硝基苯为唯一碳源、氮源和能源,证明质粒为降解质粒.     

对硝基苯磺酰基乙酸酯类化合物与α-氯丙酸酯的反应

在固—液相转移催化（Ｋ２ＣＯ３／ＣＨ３ＣＮ／ＴＥＢＡ）条件下，对硝基苯磺酰基乙酸酯类化合物与α－氯丙酸酯在６０～８０℃反应没有生成正常的烷基化产物，而得到了２－（４－硝基苯磺酰基）丙酸酯，产率３０％～７０％．反应机理可能是：对硝基苯磺酰基乙酸酯与α－氯丙酸酯反应时相继发生了烷基化和消除反应，消除反应生成的对硝基苯亚磺酸钾与α－氯丙酸酯反应而得到最终产物．     

水溶性钌络合物催化卤代芳香硝基化合物选择性加氢的研究

研究了水／有机两相催化体系中，水溶性钌络合物催化剂AC—1催化卤代芳香硝基化合物中硝基的选择性加氢反应．以对—氯硝基苯为底物，考察了表面活性剂种类及浓度、反应温度、氢压、催化剂浓度和反应时间等对反应转化率和选择性的影响．实验结果表明，阳离子表面活性剂对反应有明显的影响，其中以添加十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)效果最好．当反应条件为90℃，氢压4．0MPa时，反应5h，对-氯硝基苯转化率可达100％，生成对—氯苯胺的选择性可达99．9％．该催化体系对其它卤代芳香硝基化合物的选择性加氢也具有很高的活性和选择性。     

不同温度下红球菌降解氯代苯甲酸及共代谢作用

自某农药厂污水处理系统的活性污泥中分离纯化一株高效降解3-氯代苯甲酸的菌株S-7，形态学、生理生化特性及16S rRNA基因序列的结果表明S-7为红平红球菌（Rhodococcus erythropolis）．研究了在不同温度条件下，R．erythropolis S-7对3-氟代苯甲酸的降解能力．实验表明该菌在20℃和30℃时，于60h内将底物全部分解．并且分析了该菌在30℃时的反应动力学．在10℃的低温条件下，能以3-氯代苯甲酸为唯一碳源和能源生长，并在5d内完全降解底物．该菌的耐冷性能对于低温地区生物修复有重要意义，在低温地域有广泛的应用前景．研究了在以葡萄糖为生长基质的条件下，菌株S-7对2-氯代苯甲酸和4-氟代苯甲酸的降解能力．S-7可共代谢2-氯代苯甲酸．但是不能共代谢降解4-氯代苯甲酸，质粒提取实验表明．降解3-氯代苯甲酸的基因位于染色体上．     

黔产5种中药材有机氯农药残留安全限量研究

目的:对5种黔产中药材中总六六六(α-BHC、β-BHC、γ-BHC、δ-BHC)、总滴滴涕(p,p'-DDE、p,p'-DDD、o,p'-DDT、p,p'-DDT)和五氯硝基苯(PCNB)的9种有机氯农药残留量进行测定,为控制中药材安全限量提供实验数据,为开发利用药材资源提供安全性保障。方法:样品经丙酮,二氯甲烷与石油醚混合有机溶剂超声提取,选用气相色谱-电子捕获检测(GC-ECD) Rtx-1701弹性石英毛细管柱(0. 25 mm×30 mm×0. 25μm),以不分流方式进样,进样口温度230℃,检测器温度300℃;程序升温,初始温度100℃,先以10℃/min升至220℃,再以8℃/min升至250℃保持10 min,外标法计算含量,应用SPSS 22. 0软件对数据结果进行统计学分析。结果:9种有机氯的线性关系良好,相关系数均大于0. 995;最低检出限为0. 00012μg/g～0. 00057μg/g;检测仪器精密度良好,RSD均小于5%;检测方法重现性好,RSD均小于8%;回收率范围在94. 91～105. 09%。参考《中国药典》和《药用植物及制剂外经贸绿色行业标准》收载的品种项下"农药残留量"部分检查限度,50批中药材检出含有机氯农药检出率占74%,但含量均较低,其中总六六、总滴滴涕和五氯硝基苯超标率分别为16%、12%和4%,50批中药材整体合格率达68%,整体符合要求。结论:气相色谱检测法简便快捷、分离效果好,能广泛用于中药材有机氯农药残留的检测。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with