城市供水管网物理模型构建方法

依据水力相似原理,提出了构建与实际压力供水管网等效的变态物理模型的理论方法．在物理模型与管网原型变态几何相似的前提下,结合欧拉变态相似准则和管段水头损失公式,得到压力供水管网与其变态模型的主要物理指标之间的关系．同时进行管段实验,考察了管段原型与变态模型的运行工况,理论与实验结果间的平均相对误差为9．8％．运用管网模拟软件EPANET建立了华北某区域实际管网的变态物理模型,结果表明,管网原型与物理模型的对应管道流速和对应节点水头的平均相对误差分别为3．05％及0．053％,证明了物理模型构建理论的正确性和可行性．     

鲍幼虫变态分子机制的研究进展

综述了鲍幼虫变态及其分子机制的研究进展.鲍因其幼虫营卵黄营养,且同昆虫和蛙类相比,鲍幼虫变态速度快、存在提早发育(‘anticipatory’developmental program)现象,是研究贝类乃至海洋无脊椎动物变态现象的理想模式.早期研究采用药理学和电生理学方法发现了GABA等能够诱导鲍变态的物质,并且提出了变态过程信号通路,但调节幼虫变态的分子机制仍然所知甚少.研究人员采用差异显示PCR和基因芯片等手段获得了一些变态前后差异表达的基因.但是变态是由众多的基因和信号分子共同决定和影响的.传统获得差异基因的方法效率低、获得基因数量少、受公布的EST(表达序列标签)限制大,所以调控变态的分子网络和机制还尚未建立,缺乏对调控这一细胞过程的整体认识.转录组学分析获得大量变态差异基因,并且有助于建立差异基因相互作用网络,是研究变态分子机制的新方向.此外,变态差异基因的功能验证和注释是鲍变态分子机制研究的另一问题,基因干扰可能是解决方向之一.     

植物的变态茎及识别

介绍了植物茎的基本知识和变态类型;说明植物茎的变态实质上是植物为适应环境变化而产生的一种特殊的功能,这种变态具有稳定的遗传性;指出识别地下变态茎与地下根的关键在于茎上有节、节间、芽,叶痕,而根没有;识别地上变态茎与变态叶的关键则在于变态部位的来源和位置。     

非洲爪蟾蜍变态期变态异常个体的性腺发育

作者对16只变态期变态异常的非洲爪蟾幼体的性腺进行了解剖及细胞学的观察.实验结果表明,变态异常个体的性腺发育与同龄正常发育者完全一致,而与其身体的外形,即个体的大小及完全变态与否没有密切关系.     

生物变态小议

本文介绍了生物在漫长的进化发展过程中,遵循物竞天择的原则所形成的种种变态现象及意义所在.     

论变态心理、精神病与违法犯罪

近年来，有关“变态犯罪”的恶性刑事案件时有发生，这类案件的犯罪分子作案动机异常，作案方法隐秘，作案手段残酷，给社会造成了极大的危害。如何看待变态型犯罪，成为社会公众关注的话题。通过对变态型犯罪和精神病犯罪的分析，力求廓清两之间的内在差异与联系，明确它们与违法犯罪的关系，提出了有关变态犯罪的思考。     

花背蟾蜍变态前后眼各部位Con A受体的荧光显微镜观察

本文以花背蟾蜍变态前后的眼为材料,运用 Con A-FITC 在荧光显微镜下观察了眼变态前后 Con A 受体的变化.结果表明:变态前內处角膜愈合处的 Con A 受体较多;晶体上皮的外表面比内表面 Con A 受体多;视网膜各层扬构的 Con A 受体分布差异较大.变态后角膜上皮的细胞膜,角膜基质和角膜内皮中均有 Con A 受体分布;晶状体仅晶体上皮有 Con A受体分布;视网膜中内界膜,内网层,外网层,外界膜,视杆视锥细胞层和色素上皮层的内外表面 Con A 受体较多:节细胞层,内核层和外核层仅细胞表面有少量的 Con A 受体分布.推测眼在变态前后 Con A 受体数量和分布上的变化与眼各部位细胞的分化,结构的组建和视觉功能的完善有关.     

热带雨林乔木的变态根

介绍了根的基本知识和形态类型;说明了西双版纳热带雨林中的板根、地面根、气生根和支柱根均是热带雨林植物特有的变态根,也正是这些形态各异的变态根构成了独树成林、植物绞杀等独特的热带雨林景观;指出热带雨林乔木的变态根,实质上是植物为了适应环境、争夺空间所采取的生存法则。     

对定床变态河工模型相似性的几点研究

本文通过同一工程的正态和变态两种模型的对比分析，认为试验平原地区宽浅式河道平面上水力和热力特性或工程布置方案，变态模型可以满足相似要求。但是对研究地形条件复杂的河段或只研究河段局部地区及建筑物的水力热力特性，建议采用正态模型。     

海洋底栖动物浮游幼体附着和变态的研究

海洋底栖动物浮游幼体附着和变态的研究具重要的理论和应用价值．我校海洋系在国内较早开展该领域的研究，近10年来，取得了系列研究成果，促进了我国在海洋底栖动物幼体附着和变态研究领域的发展．所研究的海洋底栖动物有翡翠贻贝（Vegna viridis）、僧帽牡蛎（Saccostrea cucullata）、盘鲍（Haliotis discus discus）、杂色鲍（Haliotis diversicolor）、华贵栉孔扇贝（Chlamys nobilis）、台湾东风螺（Babylonia formosae）、方斑东风螺（B．areolata）、冠瘤海鞘（Styela canopus）和白脊藤壶（Balanus albicostatas）．研究内容包括幼体附着和变态过程中的幼体行为学和形态学观察、幼体附着和变态的影响因子、机制及应用研究．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that