次正规嵌入子群与有限群的p-幂零性

在P是群G的Sylow p-子群,其中p是| G |的一个素因子的条件下,证明G为p-幂零群当且仅当NG(P)为p-幂零群且下列条件之一成立:P的每个极大子群都在G中次正规嵌入;P的每个2-极大子群都在G中次正规嵌入.     

有限群为Bp群的两个充分条件

设G为有限群,π为某素数集合。G的子群H称为G的π—S—拟正规子群,如果对每个P∈π,H与G的每个Sylow P—子群可换。G称为Bp群,如果NG(P)为P-幂零群蕴含G为P-幂零群,其中P∈SylpG。本文证明了G为Pp群,如果G满足下列条件之一:(1)G的Sylow P—子群P的每个极大子群为G的p—S—拟正规子群;(2)G的Sylow P—子群P的每个二次极大子群为G的p—S—拟正规子群。     

关于正规p-补的一个定理

本文削弱了《内-外-∑群与极小非∑群》(陈重穆)一文中定理10.10A:条件而得到相同的结果,即定理 设G是有限群,p是|G|的素因子,且对|G|的任一素因子q有p(?)q-1 ),P是G的p-Sylow子群.若对于P的任一非平凡循环子群P,N_G(P)与C_G(P)都有正规p-补,则G为p-幂零群.     

Sylow子群的正规化子和子群的弱s-置换性

利用Sylow子群的极大子群在其所在的Sylow子群正规化子中的弱s-置换性得到有限群的p-幂零性的一些刻画.证明了:设G为有限群,p为|G|的素因子,且(|G|,p-1)=1,P∈Sylp(G);若P的每个极大子群在NG(P)中弱s-置换且P′在G中s-置换,则G为p-幂零群.同时得到几个有关群系的结论.     

有限群的弱c-正规

群G的一个子群H称为在G中弱c-正规，如果存在G的一个次正规子群K，使得G＝HK且H∩K≤HG，其中HG＝∩↑x∈GH^x是包含在H中的G的最大正规子群。该文利用子群弱c-正规性给出一个群为可解群、p－幂零群的一些条件，主要定理有：1）设G是一个有限群，则G可解当且仅当G的每个在Fc中的极大子群M在G中弱c-正规。2）设G是有限群，P是G的Sylow p-子群，这里p为素数，p||G|且（|G|,p-1)=1。假设存在P的一个极大子群P1使得P1在G中弱c-正规且Op(G)≤P1，则G／Op（G）是p-幂零的。     

有限群的π-拟正规嵌入子群

设G是有限群,称G的子群H在G中π-拟正规嵌入,如果对于|H|的每个素因子p,H的Sylowp-子群也是G的某个π-拟正规子群的Sylow p-子群.利用子群的π-拟正规嵌入性,得到了有限群G为p-幂零群的一些充分条件:设G是有限群,P是G的一个Sylow p-子群,其中p是|G|的一个素因子且使得(|G|,p-1)=1.若P的所有极大子群皆在NG(P)中π-拟正规嵌入且NG(P)’也在G中π-拟正规嵌入,则G为p-幂零群.推广并加深了一些已知结果.     

F-z-可补子群对p-幂零群的影响

设H是有限群G的一个子群,称H在G中是F-z-可补的,如果存在G的一个子群K,使得G=HK且H∩K≤Z∞(G),其中,是一个群系.首先利用p阶和p2阶子群的Np-z-可补性,得到如下结论:1)令G是与A4无关的有限群,p是|G|的最小的素因数,P是GNp(群G的Np-剩余类)的Sylow p-子群.如果P的每个p或4阶循环子群均在G中Np-z-可补,那么G是p-幂零群.2)令G有限群,p是|G|满足(|G|,p2-1)=1的素因数.令H是G的正规子群使得G/H是p-幂零的.若H的每个阶为p2的子群均在G中Np-z-可补,则G是p-幂零的.其次探讨Sylow p-子群的2-极大子群的U-z-可补性对p-幂零群结构的影响,得到如下结论:3)令p的|G|最小的素因数.若G与A4无关且Gp每个2-极大子群均在G中U-z-可补,则G是p-幂零的.     

有限群子群的局部S-拟正规性

该文主要得到:设H是有限群G的正规子群使得G/H为p-幂零群,其中p是|G|的一个素因子且(|G|,p-1)=1.如果存在H的Sylow p-子群P,使得P的每个极大子群皆在N中s-拟正规,并且N′或P′在G中s-拟正规,那么G是p-幂零群,这里N=NG(P).     

关于有限群的s-半正规子群Ⅱ

有限群G的一个子群H称为在G中s-半正规,如果H同G的所有阶与1H1互素的Sylow子群相乘可换．研究了s-半正规子群的一些基本性质和它们是如何影响群结构的．主要结果如下：(1)假设N是有限群G的一个正规子群使得G／N是p-幂零群,其中P为|G|的素因数并且(|G|,p-1)=1.如果N的一个Sylow p-子群Np的所有极大子群都在G中s-半正规,则G是p-幂零群．(2)假设N是有限群G的一个正规子群使得G／N是超可解群．如果N的每个Sylow子群的全体极大子群都在G中s-半正规,则G是超可解群．     

可解NPM-群

讨论了阶被|G|的最小素因子p整除的所有非正规循环子群的正规化子皆极大的可解群(文中称满足条件的群为NPM-群)。得到了下面结果:(1)G为可解NPM-群且G的Sylow p-子群P为G的极大子群时给出了G的结构;(2)若G为可解NPM-群且P不是G的极大子群,则G或者为p-闭群,或者为p-幂零群。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

An affordable accurate evaluation of the binding conformations predicted by molecular docking studies in bio-system

Franck-Condon factors bridge the gap between theoretical modeling and experimental observations for molecular electronic spectroscopy and electron transfer.Under the displaced harmonic oscillator approximation,multidimensional Franck-Condon factors are decomposed into a product of many one-dimensional(1D)Franck-Condon(FC)factors,and each 1D-FC factor is associated with one Huang-Rhys factor that determines the leading contribution of     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with