根癌农杆菌介导的向日葵遗传转化的研究

以向日葵无菌苗的子叶节为外植体,通过农杆菌介导法,对其遗传转化条件进行了研究,建立了向日葵子叶节农杆菌介导的遗传转化体系.结果表明:在农杆菌浸染前(浸染浓度为OD600=0.6)进行2 d的预培养、浸染8 min的外植体在MS+1.2 mg/L 6-BA+0.03 mg/L IAA的培养基上转化效率较高.PCR检测初步证明,LycB基因已整合到向日葵再生植株中.     

超声波辅助的发根农杆菌对黄瓜的遗传转化

由于超声波处理可在外植体上产生许多微小伤口,从而提高农杆菌与外植体之间的接触面积,提高农杆菌对外植体的转化频率。用野生型发根农杆菌（Agrobacterium rhizogenes)A4菌株感染黄瓜（Cucumis sativus L.) 无菌苗的子叶和下胚轴,建立了黄瓜的发根遗传转化体系。同时,对超声波处理时间、外植体放置方向、预培养时间、外植体类型、乙酰丁香酮的添加与否等影响因素进行了研究。结果表明,采用外植体在添加0．5mg/L NAA和2mg/L 6-BA的MS培养基上预培养4d,超声波处理2s,共培养3d,在预培养共培养期间子叶上表皮向下可以取得最佳的转化效果,发根诱导率为94．7％。乙酰丁香酮对发根诱导频率影响不明显。冠瘿碱检测表明,发根确定能合成农杆碱。     

根癌农杆菌介导的骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化体系的研究

采用农杆菌介导法,对骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化体系进行研究.结果表明：进行遗传转化的合适条件为：愈伤诱导培养基MS＋6-BA 0.4 mg/L＋2,4-D 1.2 mg/L;浸染之前对愈伤组织进行6d的避光培养可提高愈伤组织在共培养过程中的成活率;愈伤组织在OD600=0.4～0.6的农杆菌菌液中浸染10 min,农杆菌LBA4404的生长情况最好;在28℃黑暗条件下共培养放置16 d对转化最适宜;头孢霉素的抑菌浓度为250 mg/L;卡那霉素的筛选浓度为125 mg/L.经PCR检测,初步证明外源目的基因已整合到骏枣基因组中,初步实现了农杆菌介导的骏枣愈伤组织遗传转化,与以骏枣茎叶外植体建立的遗传转化体系相比,以骏枣愈伤组织为外植体共培养时间长,有利于转化.     

影响农杆菌介导的辣椒基因转化因素的研究

试验设置农杆菌类型、辣椒基因型、外植体、vir基因活化培养基、方法5个因素，研究了利用根癌农杆菌介导法辣椒遗传转化的效果。以获得Km抗性芽外植体频率为指标，发现农杆菌菌株类型和辣椒基因型对转化效率都有较大影响，直接影响着转化效率。采用预培养2d的子叶外植体，用农杆菌侵染5～7min，可获得最高的转化效率。     

油菜农杆菌介导转化体系的建立

研究了抗生素浓度、菌液浓度、侵染时间以及共培养时间对转基因油菜中油821外植体分化的影响,并分别进行了分析,建立了高效的农杆菌介导的油菜遗传转化体系.实验结果表明：使用5 d苗龄的带柄子叶作为转化受体,转化率高;卡那霉素的筛选浓度对转化影响较大,最终确定11 mg/L为该实验筛选的临界浓度;侵染时间为5 min,菌液浓度OD600为0.4时,其外植体转化率最高;共培养时间为48 h时效果最好,不仅有利于外源基因的整合,也不会造成农杆菌的过度增殖;在培养基中分别加入200μmol/L乙酰丁香酮（AS）和5～10 mg/L的硝酸银,可明显提高转化率.     

农杆菌介导转化豆科牧草百脉根影响因子

对农杆菌介导转化豆科牧草百脉根的相关影响因子进行了实验研究,结果表明:在百脉根农杆菌转化体系中,以农杆菌AGL1菌株、子叶转化受体、3 d共培养时间以及25 mg/L卡那霉素筛选质量浓度为最佳转化条件.研究还发现,头孢霉素对农杆菌AGL1菌株的抑制作用要强于羧苄霉素.     

农杆菌介导大豆未成熟子叶节的遗传转化

以冀豆7号未成熟子叶节为转化受体,研究外植体取材时间、低温预处理、共培养温度及光照时间对农杆菌介导大豆转化抗性芽的影响。结果表明,以开花后60～66 d进行外植体取材的子叶节产生的抗性芽数量较多;共培养温度26℃,光照时间24 h/d有利于抗性芽产生,而外植体4℃低温预处理不利于抗性芽产生。分析不同品种抗性芽诱导率发现,不同基因型未成熟子叶节抗性芽发生率不同,其中以豫豆22,冀豆7号和品系12的抗性芽诱导率较高。     

抗盐基因Gm01g04890大豆子叶节遗传转化研究

利用根癌农杆菌介导的大豆子叶节转化方法,将转录因子HD-Zip家族基因Gm01g04890分别导入测序品种Willimas 82(W82)和小粒豆品种东农50(DN50)两种大豆品种的子叶节中.探讨了种子萌发时间、农杆菌菌液浓度、侵染条件、共培养时间和乙酰丁香酮(AS)浓度等因素对大豆子叶节形成不定芽的影响,优化了大豆子叶节遗传转化体系.T0代再生植株经草铵膦筛选以及RT-PCR检测,Gm01g04890基因已成功转入并整合于大豆基因组,获得了转Gm01g04890基因的DN50大豆抗性植株.     

农杆菌介导的棉花遗传转化过程中诸因素对出愈率的影响

研究了农杆菌介导的棉花遗传转化过程中影响外植体出愈率的一些相关因素.结果表明:卡那霉素(Kan)的浓度以50 mg/L或75 mg/L为最好,农杆菌菌株EHA105的浸染能力较强,7 d苗龄的棉花无菌苗下胚轴为最佳的遗传转化外植体材料,下胚轴外植体经预培养后再经农杆菌菌液浸染更有利于胚性愈伤组织的形成,同时农杆菌菌液浸染时间以3 min为最佳.     

农杆菌介导川芎遗传转化体系的初步研究

本文优化了农杆菌介导的影响川芎遗传转化的相关因素较优的转化条件为: 以叶柄作为转化材料, 菌液浓度OD600为0.3, 侵染时间为15 min, 乙酰丁香酮(AS)的浓度为50μmol/L及共培养时间为2d, 并可得到最大瞬时表达率为76.7%.将共培养后的叶柄用含头孢霉素300mg/L的无菌水洗三次, 每次10min, 再将外植体转移至含Kan 50mg/L, Cef 300mg/L的筛选培养基上诱导愈伤组织, 可得到最大阳性愈伤诱导率为26.7%.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that