高技术产业研发创新效率差异性的随机前沿分析

以我国17类高技术产业行业2005—2011年的面板数据为基础,运用随机前沿分析方法对高技术产业各行业间的研发创新效率差异性作了相关分析,并就行业间差异性的深层原因进行了揭示.研究发现:高技术产业研发创新活动整体表现出规模报酬递减特征;高技术产业研发创新效率虽缓慢增长但水平依然较低,且行业间差距明显;高效行业增速较慢,而低效行业增速较快,研发创新效率存在显著收敛性;市场集中度和政府行为对研发创新效率有明显负面影响,而行业外向化程度和产业利润则存在显著正向作用;行业间受行业外向化等因素影响差异性较大,电子通讯类行业最为明显.基于实证分析,提出提高我国高技术产业研发创新效率的措施.     

国际合作研发对企业创新绩效的影响机理 ——研发能力和海外人才资源的调节作用

经济全球化,国际合作研发是企业能否提升创新绩效的关键.以2014年—2019年高新技术产业的203家A股上市公司为研究样本,通过构建泊松面板固定效应模型来研究高新技术企业国际合作研发与企业创新绩效的关系以及研发能力、企业海外人才资源对两者的调节作用.结果表明:高新技术企业的国际合作研发和创新绩效之间有正向关系,还有倒"U"型关系;研发能力正向调节企业国际合作研发与创新绩效;海外人才资源正向调节企业国际合作研发与创新绩效.     

高新技术产业中信息技术企业创新效率评价研究

信息技术企业是我国高新技术产业中的重要组成部分，其创新效率可以有效反映当前高新技术产业的创新活力与创新水平。但目前我国的创新效率较低，创新评价体系不够完善。传统的创新评价方法受到环境变量的影响，对效率的测度仅停留在在产业及区域层面，创新效率评价不全面。本文运用DEA与SFA技术相结合的“三阶段DEA”分析法对我国上市公司中35 家信息技术企业的创新效率进行测度评价。研究表明，一阶段我国信息技术企业普遍处于创新无效率状态，在剔除宏观及微观环境变量的影响后，信息技术企业的创新效率显著提升，发展前景可观。环境因素方面，政府补助、主营业务收入及资产总计与创新资源的投入冗余成正相关，资产利润率及资产负债率与创新资源的投入冗余呈负相关。     

R&D投入与创新产出关系的实证研究——以高新技术产业为例

以我国高新技术产业为例,展开了RD投入和创新产出的关系研究.实证分析过程中,选取了国家财政投入、企业经费投入、银行贷款投入、研发人员投入作为RD(Research and Development)投入的表征变量,选取了新产品销售收入作为创新产出的表征变量.通过生产函数在创新投入产出领域的改进,得出实证分析模型,并结合了面板数据的分析方法.实证结论表明,国家财政投入、企业经费投入是我国高新技术产业创新产出的重要因素,无论是东部地区、中部地区、西部地区都表现出一致的结果.     

中国高技术产业自主创新效率评价——基于DEA的Malmquist指数方法

本文利用DEA的Malmquist指数方法中技术进步反映原始创新效率,利用DEA的Malmquist指数方法中技术效率进步反映二次创新效率.实证分析结果表明:我国高技术产业自主创新效率水平已经得到较大提高,但这种提高主要受益于二次创新效率的提高,高技术产业原始创新效率水平却是在下降的,这在一定程度上抵消了高技术产业自主创新效率的提高,原始创新与二次创新能力没有同步提高.     

基于技术研发和技术转化双视角下的我国高技术产业创新绩效分析

依据2012—2017年《中国高技术产业统计年鉴》的相关数据,把技术创新过程分为技术研发和技术转化两个阶段.在建立衡量技术创新绩效评价指标体系的基础上,采用DEA中的BCC模型对我国27个地区高技术产业的技术创新绩效水平进行分析.结果表明,我国不同地区的高技术产业技术创新绩效存在很大的差异.部分地区如广东、北京、重庆等的技术研发与转化效率处于较高的水平,上海、四川、浙江、河南等地区的技术研发与技术转化效率水平存在较大差异,有些地区如江西、广西、黑龙江等的技术研发与转化水平均处于较低的水平.这27个地区中一部分地区如北京、上海、安徽等对技术研发阶段的创新较为重视,另一部分地区如吉林、江苏、河南等对技术转化阶段的创新较为重视.     

面向可持续发展的高新区健康评价理念

针对我国高新技术产业开发区创新投入和创新资源配置效率低下、创新功能不能正常发挥、创新活动和经济发展存在着波动等现象,基于生态学的视角,提出了高新技术产业开发区健康性概念及其必要性,并阐述了可持续发展的高新技术产业开发区健康性评价理念。     

基于DEA的中国装备制造业R&D效率测度——以上市公司为例

装备制造业是为各行业生产提供技术装备的战略性产业,是我国经济未来持续健康发展的基石,其研发效率的高低尤为重要。基于此,文中以装备制造业上市公司为研究对象,运用数据包络分析方法,从RD综合效率、纯技术效率、规模效率、研发效率与企业规模的关系以及投入产出冗余等方面进行研发效率的测度与分析,发现我国装备制造业上市公司研发效率的整体水平偏低,纯技术效率和规模效率普遍较低导致了研发综合效率处于较低的阶段;规模大的企业研发效率较高;大部分企业研发活动的管理水平较为落后,造成企业投入过量但产出不足的状态。因此,文中提出鼓励不同规模企业选择多元化创新模式、改善研发创新管理机制、加强研发合作等建议,以提高装备制造业上市公司的研发效率。     

高技术产业知识产权运营绩效研究

知识产权运营分为知识产权研发与知识产权运用两个层面。采用链式网络DEA模型对我国29个省市的高技术产业知识产权运营绩效进行评价,评价结果表明我国省市的知识产权运营绩效区域分布不均衡,且我国省市高新技术产业知识产权运营绩效普遍偏低,区域知识产权运营效率与地区经济水平没有表现出绝对的正比关系。应加强不同省份间的知识资源联动、协同机制的构建;加强建立知识产权项目审核机制和知识产权运用激励机制,提高知识产权研发阶段的效率;构建完善的高技术产业知识产权战略。     

省际R&D溢出如何促进本地产业结构升级?——基于2阶段创新价值链的中介分析

该文选取以创新为主导的高新技术产业为研究对象,将其创新过程划分为基础研发和技术转化2个子阶段,分别建立基于2阶段创新水平的中介作用结构方程模型,探究各省份获得的R&D溢出对产业结构升级的作用路径.结果表明:R&D溢出对产业结构升级有显著的正向影响,且在此过程中,基础研发水平发挥部分中介效应,而技术转化水平发挥遮掩效应.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that