超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆串联质谱法检测全血中常见安眠镇静类药物

建立了超高效液相色谱-三重四极杆复合线性离子阱质谱快速筛查确证全血中49种安眠镇静类药物.样品前处理采用固相支撑液液萃取法.色谱条件：色谱柱为Waters C18(2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.7μm),以5 mmol/L乙酸铵-(体积分数为0.1%)甲酸水溶液(A),甲醇(B)为流动相,进行梯度洗脱.在0.1～200.0 ng/mL内,49种常见药物展现出良好的线性关系(R²>0.99),最高检出限为0.1 ng/mL;最高定量限为0.5 ng/mL;全血基质中50、100、200 ng/mL 3个加标水平下回收率为65.9%～109.0%,日内精密度为2.0%～17.6%、日间精密度为2.0%～16.3%.该方法可应用于生物检材中49种常见安眠镇静物质的检测.     

RP-HPLC法测定兔血浆中熊去氧胆酸的浓度及其药动学研究

建立RP-HPLC测定兔血浆中熊去氧胆酸方法并研究其在家兔体内的药代动力学过程.兔血浆样品用1 mol/L的盐酸和乙腈混合萃取,色谱柱为Hypersi1 C18柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm);流动相为乙腈∶水∶冰醋酸(40∶59∶1),流速0.8 mL/min;检测波长210 nm.结果表明熊去氧胆酸与血浆中其他成分能很好分离,其线性范围0.6~19.2 mg/L,最低检测浓度16μg/L(S/N>3).样品平均回收率在86.75%以上,日内、日间精密度RSD均小于10%.此方法可用于熊去氧胆酸血药浓度分析及药代动力学研究.     

亲水作用色谱法测定左卡尼汀注射液含量及杂质A

通过考察流动相中有机相的比例、缓冲液浓度、pH值、柱温以及流速等因素的影响,建立亲水作用色谱法测定左卡尼汀注射液含量及杂质A的方法.最终确定的色谱条件为采用XBridgeAmide色谱柱(4.6mm×250mm,3.5μm),以缓冲液(10mmol/L乙酸铵,用冰醋酸调节pH值5.0)-乙腈(20∶80)为流动相,柱温40℃,检测波长205nm.经方法学验证,左卡尼汀与杂质A分离度良好(R>1.5),左卡尼汀与杂质A浓度分别在0.530~3.21mg/mL、2.06~82.4μg/mL范围内线性关系良好,平均回收率(n=9)分别为100.4%和101.2%.杂质A检测限(S/N=3)为29.0ng/mL、定量限(S/N=10)为68.7ng/mL.结果表明该法可用于左卡尼汀注射液质量的控制.     

HPLC测定奥贝胆酸片含量

为建立HPLC-UV测定奥贝胆酸片含量的方法,采用高效液相色谱法及紫外检测器,色谱柱为Agilent HC-C_(18)(250mm×4.6mm,5μm),流动相为乙腈(含0.02%(体积分数)甲酸)-水(含0.02%(体积分数)甲酸),二者体积比为60∶40,以1.0mL/min的流速进行洗脱,检测波长为195nm,柱温为30℃,进样量为100μL。结果表明:奥贝胆酸质量浓度在0.200 26~1.001 30mg/mL范围内与峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r=0.999 9;中间精密度、稳定性、重复性试验的RSD值不超过1.0%;平均回收率为99.64%,RSD值为0.58%(n=9)。该方法简便、专属性好、精密度高、耐用性良好,可用于奥贝胆酸片含量的测定。     

UHPLC-MS/MS法测定大鼠不同脑区乙酰胆碱的含量

建立一种快速、简便、准确的液-质联用法以检测大鼠4个脑区中内源性神经递质乙酰胆碱的含量.采用Waters Acquity UPLC HSS PFP柱(2.1 mm×100 mm,1.8μm),以0.1%甲酸水-0.1%甲酸乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,流速为0.3 m L/min,柱温为35℃,离子源为电喷雾离子源,采用正离子多反应监测扫描方式检测.健康大鼠麻醉后,快速于冰上取脑分区,样品称重,与5倍0.1%甲酸水匀浆,再与4倍0.1%甲酸乙腈(含内标)沉淀蛋白,离心取上清进行LC-MS/MS检测.在本研究所建立的实验条件下,乙酰胆碱的方法学验证结果符合相关规定,其浓度在0.5~200 ng/mL范围内线性关系良好(r0.99),定量下限为0.5 ng/m L,基质效应和回收率均大于80%,日内、日间精密度均在15%范围内,可准确、精密地检测大鼠脑区中乙酰胆碱的含量.由结果可知,乙酰胆碱在纹状体中含量显著高于其他3个脑区(P≤0.01,n=10).全面检测不同脑区乙酰胆碱的含量,能够根据其脑内含量的变化解析神经相关疾病的发病机制,有利于疾病的诊断和治疗.     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定实验水体中甲哌鎓含量

为高效、准确测定水体中甲哌鎓含量,采用超高效液相色谱#串联质谱,以5 mmol/L乙酸铵+0.1%甲酸水#乙腈为流动相,采用电喷雾(ESI+)模式测定,多离子反应监测(MRM)模式扫描测定水体中甲哌鎓含量。结果表明,在0.001~0.5 mg/L的范围内具有良好的线性关系,平均回收率为84.67%~91.38%,变异系数为3.10%~5.18%,去离子水中甲哌鎓的最低检出浓度为3×10~(-4)mg/L,该方法可用于甲哌鎓的痕量分析检测。     

离子色谱法同时测定环境样品中有机酸的研究

建立了一种离子色谱法同时测定水中的甲酸、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸相对含量的检测方法。采用抑制型电导检测器,检测器温度35℃;Ion Pac AS11-HC型分离柱(250 mm×4 mm),Ion Pac AG11-HC型保护柱(50 mm×4 mm),柱温30℃;KOH淋洗液梯度洗脱,KOH浓度0~17.0 min时1.0 mmol/L,17.1~25.0 min时30.0 mmol/L,25.1~30.0 min时1.0 mmol/L;流速为1.2 m L/min时,甲酸、乙酸、丙酸和丁酸能够达到分离要求,其检出限分别为0.004、0.005、0.004、0.005 mg/L。4种有机酸在0.2~3.0 mg/L范围具有较好的线性相关性,其相关系数在0.999 1~0.999 5范围内。将0.2、1.0 mg/L的标准溶液重复进样11次,甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸的相对标准偏差均小于2%,精密度较好。对水样进行加标回收实验,结果显示甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸的回收率均在95.3%~98.7%之间。     

HPLC-ELSD法测定清开灵滴丸中胆酸和猪去氧胆酸的含量

建立了高效液相色谱-蒸发光散射检测法(HPLC-ELSD)测定清开灵滴丸中胆酸和猪去氧胆酸含量的方法.采用汉邦C18色谱柱(200 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),流动相为0.1%甲酸-甲醇-乙腈溶液(25∶60∶15),柱温30℃,漂移管温度为105℃,空气流速2.2 L/min.胆酸和猪去氧胆酸的进样浓度分别在0.598¹.596 mg/mL(r=0.9992)和0.6001.596 mg/mL(r=0.9992)和0.600⁰.1.600 mg/mL(r=0.9995)范围内其线性关系良好,胆酸和猪去氧胆酸平均回收率分别为99.74%和99.21%.该方法准确,简便,分离度高,重现性好,可用于清开灵滴丸中胆酸和猪去氧胆酸含量的测定.     

人体尿液中阿昔洛韦和更昔洛韦的反相高效液相色谱法同时测定

研究简单的流动相甲醇-水体系,可同时对人体尿液中阿昔洛韦(ACV)和更昔洛韦(GCV)两种抗病毒药物的最优化分离,建立了通过UV检测药物的新方法。实验结果表明,流动相为甲醇-水(10/90,v/v),流速为0.5mL/min,柱温为室温,紫外检测波长254nm,使用Diamoncil C18柱对两种药物分离最好。两种药物的回收率在98.7%～101.4%之间,ACV和GCV的定量下限分别为0.08μg/mL和0.2μg/mL,信噪比为3时,最低检出限分别为0.02μg/mL和0.06μg/mL,日内、日间精密度(RSD)均小于4.8%,准确度(RE)在±5.6%之内。本方法可对样品进行灵敏、准确的定性及定量分析。     

农田灌溉水中阴离子的色谱分析

为了高效、快速检测农田灌溉水中阴离子,建立利用离子色谱并结合固相萃取技术测定F-、Cl-、3NO-、24SO-4种离子的方法.讨论淋洗液浓度和流量对离子保留时间和分离度的影响,并优化出最佳色谱条件.结果表明:针对此类样品,选择淋洗液浓度4.5,mmol/L Na2,CO3/0.8,mmol/L NaHCO3,流量为1,mL/min作为最优分离条件.4种离子的检出限为0.002~0.048,mg/L,精密度小于2%,回收率为93.79%~104.30%.该方法简单、可靠,适用于农田灌溉水中多种阴离子的同时测定.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that