常用配电变压器过流保护

通过对配电变压器采用不同方式接线运行的分析,明确当变压器发生单相短路或接地故障时的过流保护的计算,并由此制定出正确配置过流保护的基本原则.通过对不同接线方式配电变压器的分析,进行模拟现场实验,确定保持传统低压配电系统的过流保护的同时,又能使保护装置快速有效的动作,这样使事故率大大降低,提高了供电质量.     

多电源网络中过流保护间的灵敏度配合分析

在单电源辐射网中,输电线路的各过流保护之间的灵敏系数是可以做到相互配合的。但在多电源复杂电网中则不一定。本文通过对过流保护灵敏度的进一步分析,总结归纳出了多电源复杂电网中如何校验各保护间灵敏系数在任何运行方式下是否配合的方法,该方法无需计算出各种运行方式下的灵敏系数,仅考虑在保护整定计算时已求出的分支系数,同时还提出使得各过流保护间灵敏度相配合的整定原则。     

超短线路自适应电流保护的分析

传统电流速断保护的动作电流是按躲过被保护线路末端短路时的最大短路电流来整定,以适应电力系统运行方式和故障类型的变化,保证系统保护的选择性。但是,这种整定方式得出的定值,在最小运行方式或最不利的故障情况下,保护范围很小,甚至有可能是零。许多专家和学者对此提出采取自适应电流保护。     

配电线路自适应电流保护方案

分析了自适应电流保护的基本原理.通过分析可看出,自适应电流保护不受故障类型的影响,而且受系统运行方式的影响很小,因而保护范围稳定.论文还对自适应电流保护中所用到的故障类型识别算法以及系统阻抗算法进行了介绍.最后,针对配电线路,设计了一种自适应三段式电流保护方案,并给出了相应的原理框图和故障处理流程图.     

低压电动机继电保护定值整定分析

对低压三相电动机可能发生的各种故障类型进行了分析,针对各种故障类型给出了保护配置和定值计算方法。利用电动机塑壳开关的脱扣器和微机型保护装置共同实现了电动机各项故障的保护功能,使得电动机在发生各种故障时都有相应的保护动作切除故障,有效地保证了电动机的安全、稳定运行。     

风储互补微网对配电网可靠性的影响

随着分布式发电技术的不断推广和发展,大量DG(分布式发电)以微网形式接入配电网.文中以风储互补微网为对象,根据互补微网在配电网中的运行方式,采用蒙特卡洛仿真算法,从负荷点和系统两个层面上给出了配电网中常用的几项可靠性指标;在分析了随机电源特点的基础上,建立风储互补微网可靠性评估模型;根据传统配电网可靠性计算结果对风力DG进行选址,在确定储能配置后形成了计划型孤岛范围;提出由于风储微网内负荷和风力DG出力的时变性,在孤岛内有可能发生储能放电过量,从而导致微网解列的二次故障问题.对风储互补微网接入后的配电网的蒙特卡洛可靠性仿真结果表明,风储互补微网能有效提高配电系统的可靠性.     

自适应电流保护的相关研究

根据传统电流速断保护的原理,得到了不同电流保护接线方式下,传统电流速断保护的保护范围.当采用两相电流差接线方式时,保护范围与短路类型和短路相别有关.提出了根据系统运行方式、短路类型、短路相别和接线方式自动调整动作电流的方法,从而使得电流速断保护范围与短路类型、相别和接线方式无关,并举例说明了这种自适应电流速断保护的效果.针对双回线运行线路的过电流保护,提出了根据双回线路运行状态自动调整起动电流的方法,该方法提高了保护的灵敏度,且容易实现.     

计及多类型需求响应的光伏微网储能容量优化配置

储能系统接入对于分布式光伏发电具有重要意义,合理配置储能容量可以有效平抑光伏发电的波动性和间歇性,同时提高光伏消纳能力。在考虑多类型需求响应方式下,建立了以微网总成本和光伏消纳率为目标函数的储能容量优化配置模型。首先引入激励型需求响应模型和价格型需求响应模型;然后根据两类响应方式对电网稳定运行及光伏消纳的影响,建立以最大化光伏、负荷时序一致性和负荷峰谷差两种指标满意度的综合响应模型;最后基于并网型光储微网运行策略,采用双层优化算法对光伏微网模型求解。通过某一实际运行微网为算例,分析验证了模型和算法的有效性。结果表明,多类型需求响应结合方式使得用户用电方式更为合理,微网经济性得到改善。     

探讨当前电网中的同杆双回线路继电保护

由于同杆双回线路导线数目多、双回线之间距离近、运行方式多样,由此导致了复杂的故障类型和故障暂态特性,使得常规单回线的继电保护配置方案和整定计算方法难以直接应用,保护性能也受到很大影响。本文重点介绍了同杆双回线路继电保护技术的特点,同杆双回线路保护原理。对提高保护的运行水平和维护电网的安全运行都具有极强的现实意义。     

微网故障特性分析及保护方法

建立了微电网模型,分析了微网短路时故障电流的特点,结合现有成果对微电网保护方法做了综述性研究.首先,建立了逆变型微电源模型,并验证了线路发生不同故障时微电源的安全稳定性;其次,建立了微电网模型,分析了负荷侧短路时故障电流偏小的特点,指出有必要研究不依赖故障电流模值的保护策略,并能与联网运行时的保护相配合,使微网的保护尽可能统一;然后,从孤岛和并网两个方面归纳了当前微网保护的最新研究成果,对比分析各种保护技术的优劣.最后,展望微电网保护的发展方向,指出以通信为基础,控制与保护功能相结合,实现保护功能的集成化是微电网保护的发展目标.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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