Energy conservation and supertasks

The most recent results in the dynamics of infinite systems of particles have shown there is no necessary connection between the performance of a deterministic supertask and the non-conservation of energy. Much more difficult to prove is the non-existence of any necessary connection between the performance of an indeterministic supertask and the non-conservation of energy; however, this paper does just that. So the requirement that energy be conserved does not mean we can exclude as “non-physical” either of the two major types of supertask considered to date. The paper also proposes, in this context, a “hidden variables method” to prove general results of compatibility in dynamics.     

绿色能源的现状及展望

本文综述了燃料电池、太阳能、风能、生物质能、自然冷能、水能等绿色能源的现状，并对其发展前景作了展望。     

Relationship between chlorophyll a content and protein content of invertebrate symbioses with algae or chloroplasts

Summary The chlorophyll a and protein contents of invertebrates containing autotrophic symbionts are indices of symbiont and host biomass, respectively, and the chlorophyll a content per unit protein is a good measure of symbiont: host ratio. For three different associations, the chlorophyll a content per unit protein is 0.01–0.02 g g^–1.The hydra andE. viridis were provided by M. H. Christopher and J. R. Turner. I thank Professor D. C. Smith, Dr J. B. Searle and Dr T. A. V. Rees for the valuable comments on drafts of this paper. This work was supported by research grants from S.E.R.C.     

能源、环境和纳米技术

本文讨论了有关能源供应的短途径和无环境污染的能源技术的未来发展，提出了利用太阳能和氢燃料所驱动的“氢经济”模式，论述了纳米科学与技术的历史背景和现状，指出了发展纳米技术是历史和未来赋予我们的机遇和挑战，讨论了能源和环境领域的纳米技术，并提出了培养“纳人才”的概念和的迫切性。     

Animal deception and the content of signals

In cases of animal mimicry, the receiver of the signal learns the truth that he is either dealing with the real thing or with a mimic. Thus, despite being a prototypical example of animal deception, mimicry does not seem to qualify as deception on the traditional definition, since the receiver is not actually misled. We offer a new account of propositional content in sender-receiver games that explains how the receiver is misled (and deceived) by mimicry. We show that previous accounts of deception, and of propositional content, give incorrect results about whether certain signals are deceptive.     

能源工程的发展与展望

本文内容主要包括阐述能源科学对国民经济发展的重要性，论述能源科学今后的发展方向，提高煤炭、石油、天然气利用效率，采用洁净煤技术，开发利用清洁能源与可再生能源，同时展望未来应采取有力措施研究能源新技术，为人类创造优美、洁净、和谐的生态环境，为我国经济可持续发展建立重要的物质基础。     

Pteridine content of some methane- and methanol-oxidizing bacteria

Zusammenfassung Der Pteridin-Gehalt einiger Methan-oder Methanol-oxydierender Bakterien scheint nicht mit der Anwesenheit einer spezifischen Methanoldehydrogenase zusammenzuhängen. Pteridine einerPseudomonas Sp. (pink organism) wurden identifiziert.

---

---

Deceased, May, 1971.     

5-hydroxytryptamine content of glioma

Résumé La teneur en 5-HT de tumeurs intra-crâniennes humaines, déterminée par une méthode biologique, est en général plus faible que celle du cortex cérébral adjacent. Cette observation n'est pas en faveur de l'hypothése que la 5-HT est localisée dans les cellules névroglies.     

Information content of DSGE forecasts

This paper examines the question whether information is contained in forecasts from dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) models beyond that contained in lagged values, which are extensively used in the models. Four sets of forecasts are examined. The results are encouraging for DSGE forecasts of real GDP. The results suggest that there is information in the DSGE forecasts not contained in forecasts based only on lagged values, and that there is no information in the lagged‐value forecasts not contained in the DSGE forecasts. The opposite is true for forecasts of the GDP deflator.     

太阳能开发利用的现状及发展趋势

太阳能以其独具的优势,其开发利用是最终解决常规能源特别是化石能源带来的能源短缺,环境污染和温室效应等问题的有效途径,是人类理想的替代能源。在综合分析了世界太阳能热利用,光电技术发展现状的基础上,对太阳能开发利用的发展趋势进行了概括。     

Carbohydrate and nitrogen content of a virus-diseased tobacco plant

Zusammenfassung Der Tabakmosaikvirus vermehrte den Gehalt an Protein- und Peptidstickstoff in den befallenen Tabakblättern, wirkte aber weder auf die totalen Kohlehydrate noch auf die Kohlehydratfraktionen. Hingegen wurde eine gewisse Beschleunigung der Glukosanbildung nachgewiesen, ein Phänomen, das von einer gleichzeitigen Abnahme der Galaktosanbildung begleitet war.     

Protein and lysozyme content of adult human nucleus pulposus

Summary A radiologically normal human nucleus pulposus was extracted with 4 M guanidinium chloride and the non-collagenous proteins separated from the proteoglycans by dissociative density gradient centrifugation. Lysozyme was identified as a matrix constituent of the normal, mature human nucleus pulposus.Supported by Public Health Service Training Grant ES-07088.     

Protein and lysozyme content of adult human nucleus pulposus

A radiologically normal human nucleus pulposus was extracted with 4 M guanidinium chloride and the non-collagenous proteins separated from the proteoglycans by dissociative density gradient centrifugation. Lysozyme was identified as a matrix constituent of the normal, mature human nucleus pulposus.     

Energy metabolism and transduction in smooth muscle

Early investigations into the nature of the coupling between energy transduction and metabolism in smooth muscle, particularly from the laboratories of Bülbring and Lundholm, suggested that specific metabolic pathways could independently supply energy for ion transport and actin-myosin interactions. Subsequent work has solidified the concept that oxidative phosphorylation is specifically coupled to tension generation and maintenance, whereas, aerobic glycolysis is not only a vital characteristic of smooth muscle metabolism, but also is likely to be independently coupled to Na-K transport at the plasmalemma. The independence of oxidative and glycolytic metabolism is reflected as a compartmentation of carbohydrate metabolism in the porcine carotid artery. The coupling of these independent metabolic pathways with specific energy utilizing processes, indicates a means by which energy production and transduction can be closely and efficiently regulated. The coupling of glycogenolysis to mitochondrial respiration may have evolved as a direct response to the energetic needs of VSM. That is, the large glycogenolytic response in the initial minutes of stimulation may be necessary to maximize the cellular production of ATP during the presteady state. Likewise, the coupling between aerobic glycolysis and Na-K transport indicates a sensitive and efficient means of coordinating energy metabolism with ion transport at the membrane level. Additionally, the regulation of substrate supply, i.e. glucose transport, also may be closely coordinated with changes in ion transport. One may speculate that alterations in the microenvironment of each compartment can independently regulate intermediary metabolism and therefore allow the cell to quickly and efficiently respond to localized stimuli. Thus, stimulation of Na-K transport could effectively regulate energy production at the membrane level without mobilizing or competing with the energy transduction of other cellular processes. This compartmentation of energy utilization may be highly advantageous, since oxidative metabolism is closely coordinated with mechanical activity and therefore regulation of blood flow. Future investigations will attempt to elucidate which intracellular signals which are responsible for the regulation of these functionally independent compartments of energy metabolism and transduction in VSM. In more general terms, our findings provide a basis from which future questions concerning the regulation of cellular metabolism must be directed. The cellular cytoplasm can no longer be envisioned as a homogeneous compartment, but rather a complex array of functional subcompartments which may be individual