棱线强化薄壁方管轴向压溃力学特性

基于Wierzbicki和Abramowicz提出的方管理想化折叠机构和能量耗散模式,引入棱线与平板的屈服强度比,修正了棱线强化薄壁方管在准静态轴向压溃作用下的能量平衡方程,并推导出了平均压溃力理论预测公式.CAE(computer aided engineering)数值仿真完整再现了稳定压溃阶段棱线强化方管形成一个新折叠单元的塑性变形过程.仿真与理论结果对照表明,理论预测公式可以较准确地预测棱线强化薄壁方管准静态轴向压溃过程的平均压溃力,且最大偏差不超过4.3%;其次,对于截面长、宽、高分别为56,56,1.0 mm的方管,仅占整个截面周长9.09%的4根强化棱线可使其平均压溃力提升53.8%.     

小型客车车架前纵梁碰撞性能的模拟仿真

为了改进小型客车正碰撞性能,建立了小型客车车架前纵梁碰撞的有限元模型.利用ABAQUS软件中显示积分算法模块对小型客车做了正面碰撞刚性墙的碰撞仿真试验.得出了对所设计的前纵梁在不同截面形状、不同材料以及不同厚度等设计方案,在不同车速下前纵梁碰撞变形和吸能效果的仿真实验结果,最后从中选出好的设计方案.前纵梁碰撞性能模拟仿真试验表明,运用该软件模拟汽车零部件碰撞,优化设计方案是可行的.     

某车体结构正面碰撞建模仿真与方案选择

为了得出具有较好碰撞潜能的目标车体结构,提出了两个不同的纵梁设计方案,基于有限元理论重点提出了仿真建模中运用比较普遍的对称罚函数法.按照整车变形量、车体减速度、乘员舱侵入量三个评价指标分别评价方案一和方案二,两个方案的整体变形都符合要求;方案二由于设置了诱导槽,在碰撞中吸能盒到纵梁从前至后依次溃缩变形,方案二的减速度曲线更加符合"前高后低"原则及其平均通过力更为平缓;方案二乘员舱侵入量更少.仿真表明设计出的纵梁要有适当的变形引导,纵梁应实现稳定的轴向溃缩模式.因此选择具有更好的碰撞性能的方案二右边车体减速度曲线作为乘员约束系统优化的输入值.     

考虑冲压成形历史的轿车前纵梁总成碰撞仿真

以轿车前纵梁总成为对象,将冲压成形引起的板料厚度减薄、残余应力和等效塑性应变映射到碰撞仿真模型中,详细分析这些因素对零件碰撞过程中能量吸收和碰撞力的影响规律,并从兼顾计算精度和计算效率的角度对影响仿真精度的主要因素进行了分析.结果表明:与忽略冲压成形历史的碰撞仿真结果相比,引入冲压成形历史的碰撞仿真所得内能增大,碰撞力峰值增大及峰值出现时间延后;厚度变化对零件的吸能特性影响显著,残余应力和塑性应变对碰撞力的影响显著.     

高轴压比下内置闭合钢管的钢骨砼桥墩曲率延性系数

为提高震区桥梁抗震延性,选择内置闭合钢管的钢骨混凝土矩形桥墩进行延性设计.考虑到近场罕遇地震下桥墩可能承受较大轴力,根据平截面假定、力的平衡和材料本构关系,分别推导了高轴压比下截面屈服曲率和极限曲率关于截面设计参数的解析公式,并通过数值方法验证了解析公式的正确性.将截面极限曲率和屈服曲率之比定义为曲率延性系数,实现已知截面设计参数定量计算桥墩延性的目的,并以曲率延性系数为指标比较了钢骨混凝土桥墩和箍筋约束混凝土桥墩的抗震延性.研究结果表明:高轴压比下,利用截面设计参数计算曲率延性系数的解析方法是可行的;当耗材相同时,高轴压比下钢骨混凝土桥墩较箍筋约束混凝土桥墩具有更好的抗震延性.     

基于改进拉-压杆模型的预应力混凝土深受弯构件受剪承载力预测

以集中荷载下有粘结预应力混凝土简支深受弯构件为对象,建立了显式考虑有效预压力Fpe的改进拉-压杆模型,依据Kupfer-Gerstle双向拉压应力关系考虑了混凝土软化效应并推导了受剪承载力公式.该式也可用于分析无粘结预应力及钢筋混凝土构件.3种主要破坏模式压杆劈裂破坏、压杆或结点区压溃和拉杆屈服在公式中得到了体现.通过对4根和已有文献中39根试验梁的分析,得到试验值与预测结果的平均比值为1.15,变异系数为0.120,表明该公式预测结果精确、连续且偏于安全.     

铝合金型材的冲击压溃载荷特性研究

为了确定Riera公式中的压溃载荷,基于材料实验机和霍普金森压杆实验系统,对铝合金型材在轴向准静态和不同速度冲击加载作用下的静、动态压溃行为进行了研究,得到了多种尺寸和形状规格型材在静、动态压溃过程的载荷时间曲线,以及峰值压溃载荷和平均压溃载荷随冲击速度的变化规律.分析结果表明,Riera公式中的压溃载荷采用平均压溃力是较好的选择,铝合金型的动、静态压溃力的差异来自结构的横向惯性效应.通过量纲分析,在进一步整理实验数据的基础上得到了适用于准静态和冲击加载作用的铝合金型材统一的平均压溃力经验公式.     

在受弯压力作用下柱截面设计问题的探讨

本文简要论述了钢筋混凝土柱截面设计的基本思路、方法及相关的假定.重点介绍了矩形截面柱在弯压作用下的受力状态及变形过程,并对此进行了相关的公式推导,并结合算例进行具体阐述,体现现行规范具有广泛的适用性.     

低速碰撞时汽车前纵梁的数值仿真与优化设计

采用HyperMesh和LS-DYNA对薄壁直梁的正面撞击过程进行了数值仿真模拟,其分析的结果可以用于前纵梁的优化设计,有利于进一步改进车辆结构,使车辆由于碰撞事故所造成的损失降到最低.通过对不同截面的汽车前纵梁的碰撞过程的数值模拟,设计出最合理的前纵梁,为进行汽车碰撞的进一步研究提供一定的参考.     

基于统一理论的带拉杆方、矩形CFT轴压承载力

在钢管混凝土统一理论基础上,结合配置约束拉杆的方形和矩形钢管混凝土短柱轴压试验结果,通过研究带拉杆方形钢管混凝土的拉杆约束系数与轴压承载力之间的关系,修正统一理论轴压承载力公式,得出带拉杆方形钢管混凝土轴压承载力计算公式.对于带单向拉杆矩形钢管混凝土,提出将矩形截面以拉杆为界线划分为几个子区域,并将拉杆视为等效钢板,采用统一理论计算公式计算每个子区域的轴压承载力,叠加后得出带拉杆矩形钢管混凝土轴压承载力计算公式.以上两个修正公式均考虑了拉杆的影响,拓宽了统一理论计算公式的适用性,分别用其计算的带拉杆的方形和矩形钢管混凝土轴压承载力与试验结果吻合良好.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that