Design and experimental study of a C-band traveling-wave accelerating structure

Research and design of a C-band (5712 MHz) high-gradient traveling-wave accelerating structure is being carried out at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The structure consists of 53 regular disk-loaded cells and two waveguide couplers, and its length is about 1 m. This paper presents a design method for the accelerating structure, an experimental model and the preliminary results of an RF cold test of the model structure.     

Design of a compact C-band high brightness photoinjector for an ultra-fast electron diffraction

A compact C-band high brightness photoinjector for ultra-fast electron diffraction （UED） is under development at Tsinghua Uni- versity. The C-band photoinjector, operating at 5.172 GHz, uses a 1.45-cell C-band RF gun as the electron source. The design of the RF gun has addressed the physics, beam dynamics and mechanical aspects, and based on these design studies, a prototype has been fabricated. In order to obtain optimized performance for the UED, beam dynamics simulation has been carried out using the particle tracking code Astra for the photoinjector consisting of an alternative multi-cell RF gun design and a C-band compressor downstream. The beam dynamics parameters that are optimized include the bunch length, peak current, horizontal emittance, and position of the minimum bunch length.     

一种超宽带掺铒光纤放大器的实验研究

分别优化C和L两个波段掺铒光纤放大器,利用并联方式实现了C L-波段超宽带光纤放大器．研制出了一台结构简单、高增益低噪声、增益平坦的超宽带掺铒光纤放大器,实现了从1 524 nm-1 602 nm超过 70 nm带宽内平均增益,其中C-波段在1 524nm-1 564 nm之间平均增益超过30 dB,L-波段从1 572 nm到 1 602 nm增益起伏小于2 dB．     

国际直线对撞机（ILC）高梯度射频超导加速腔研制

射频超导（sRF）加速技术已广泛应用于基于加速器的大科学装置．在国际直线对撞机和其他相关项目的推动下,近年来国际上多个射频超导实验室开展了高梯度射频超导加速腔的研制．在不断改进精密加工、电磁场调平、表面处理和电子束焊接等工艺流程的基础上,北京大学近期研制成功一只高质量9-cell超导加速腔,其加速梯度为32．6MV／m,品质因数大于1．0×10^10,性能指标全面达到国际直线对撞机（ILC）的要求．这表明我国已经掌握了高水平超导加速腔的研制技术,为未来参加ILC国际合作以及建设其他采用射频超导加速技术的大科学装置打下了良好基础．     

宽带单层开孔式双波段双极化SAR天线的设计

提出一种新型共用口径L/C双波段双极化单层开孔式结构的合成孔径雷达(synthetic aperture radar,SAR)天线,这种新型结构旨在提高L/C双波段双极化共口径SAR天线中L波段的天线带宽.对天线进行仿真、加工和测试.测试结果表明,L波段的反射系数不大于-10 dB的相对带宽达到13.7%,C波段相对带宽达到17.0%.实验结果验证了新型结构的有效性.     

电子枪加速极对空间电场影响的解析研究

 
推导了电子枪中各电极之间的类平行板电容公式,根据电场叠加原理和点电荷场强公式推导了加入加速极前后电子枪的电场分布解析式,并针对轴上关键区域的电场用Matlab进行了仿真分析,结果显示对于阴极半径0.5mm,阳极内半径5mm、外半径30mm,两极间距110mm的结构,在无加速极时只会在阴极表面1.9mm范围内产生大于1V/mm的强电场,其他位置几乎都为零;加入加速极后轴上电场会急剧增大到原来的几百倍,且加速极数目越多,轴上电场越大,并且加入3个电极时可以形成相对最均匀的电场,说明了电子枪设计加速极的原因和必要性,为电子枪结构的设计提供了一定理论依据.
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不对称膜片对SFRFQ结构的研究

对光阑型SFRFQ加速结构进行了优化。经过计算作者提出了βλ/4弱膜片加薄膜片的不对称膜片对的SFRFQ优化结构,并在模拟计算中获得了较好的加速和聚焦效果。     

Precursory influence of the Antarctic Oscillation on the onset of Asian summer monsoon

The Asian summer monsoon(ASM) begins firstly over the Indo-China Peninsula in early May and over the South China Sea(SCS) in mid-May.The different monsoon onset dates can exert distinct effects on the summer rainfall in Asia.Statistical results indicate that the Antarctic Oscillation(AAO) in the boreal winter has a significant precursory influence on the ASM onset dates.In stronger AAO years,both the Mascarene high and the Australia high in March are stronger owing to the "see-saw" structure of atmospheric circulation over the subtropics and higher latitudes in the Southern Hemisphere,and the tropical intertropical convergence zone(ITCZ) is deeper.Thus,the pressure gradient between the subtropical and tropical regions increases in spring.As a result,the Somalia cross-equatorial flow(SCEF) occurs earlier,strengthens,and enhances the westerlies over the tropical Indian Ocean.The enhanced westerlies impel an eastward withdrawal of the western Pacific subtropical high and intensify the convergence and rising motion at the lower troposphere,accelerating the burst of ASM.Differently,weaker AAO weakens the pressure gradient between the tropical and subtropical regions and delays the establishment of SCEF,resulting in a delayed onset of ASM.This study extends the leading time of seasonal forecast of ASM onset from the previous spring to winter and provides useful information about precursory signals in climate prediction operation.     

自控式同步电动机高性能控制方式的实现

分析了恒换流剩余角和恒气隙磁通控制相结合的高性能控制方式。提出了基于端电压相位检测的恒换流剩余角控制方法，讨论了端电压相位检测的低速运行问题。得出了计及气隙磁场饱和效应时恒气隙磁通控制的励磁调节规律，给出了一种无刷励磁结构及馈电主回路。采用８０８６微机与８０３１单片机构成的全数字控制系统实现了恒换流剩余角和恒气隙磁通控制。实验结果表明采用此控制方式的自控式同步电动机可获得最优性能指标。     

渐变截面型入料口夹角对旋流器流场及压降的影响

利用RSM雷诺应力模型和VOF多相流模型,通过数值试验方法考察了渐变截面型入料口夹角对Φ50 mm水力旋流器流场及压降的影响.结果表明,增大入料口夹角,切向速度增加,致使分离效率提高;与此同时,轴向速度和溢流管底端的最大径向速度也随之相应增加,导致沉砂分流比略有降低、短路流量增加,但对湍流结构影响不明显;空气柱直径同样随着夹角的增加而增大,从而有效分选空间减小.旋流器内部的压力损失主要包括主分离区域的损失和入料口区域的损失;增大入料口夹角,总压降增加,导流能力增强,当夹角为20°时,导流性能最优,但能量利用率降低.     

一种基于kd树的实时大规模地形可视化算法

大地形实时可视化在GIS、虚拟现实、仿真、游戏等领域有大量应用.对已有算法进行综合和改进,提出了一种简单、快速的实时大规模三维地形绘制算法.该算法主要包括:对所有数据进行空间分块(tile);块内采用改进后的kd树进行进一步空间剖分;方便三维数据交互显示操作的“静态池”和“动态池”数据结构;针对海量数据的外部存储(out-of-core)技术;加速OpenGL的优化方法等.算法运行良好,在微机上达到较高的帧率和较好的显示效果.     

一种可用于卫星通信的微带天线阵元

通过计算机仿真对微带贴片天线的阻抗和辐射性能进行了仔细的研究，找出了一些微带贴片几何尺寸与天线特性参数之间的关系，在此基础上提出了一种可用于VSAT站基本上满足C波段卫星通信对频率、带宽、极化、隔离等要求的微带天线阵元的结构。     

一种双隐层RBF神经网络的算法研究

针对RBF神经网络的结构和学习算法的缺点,提出了一种双隐层RBF神经网络(DRBF)模型,并结合网络结构的动态更新策略对网络结构进行实时更新,以梯度下降法对网络参数进行修正,即确保了网络结构的最简化,提高了网络的逼近精度和泛化能力,同时也加快了网络的训练速度.将本算法和传统RBF神经网络算法应用于非线性逼近和电信企业客户流失分类进行性能比较,实验仿真结果证明了本算法的有效性和高效性.     

由CVT和L-C构成的He-Ne激光器电源

由CVT稳压、L-C恒流的He-Ne激光电源,结构简单,工作可靠,电流稳定度高,使用和维修也很方便。     

Improvement of orbit determination for geostationary satellites with VLBI tracking

China’s COMPASS satellite navigation system consists of five or more geostationary (GEO) satellites.The roles of GEO satellites are to improve the regional user’s positioning accuracy and provide the continuous Radio Determination Satellite Service.The motion of GEO satellites relative to a ground tracking station is almost fixed,and regular orbit maneuvers are necessary to maintain the satellites’ allocated positions above the equator.These features present difficulties in precise orbit determination (POD).C-band ranging via onboard transponders and the L-band pseudo-ranging technique have been used in the COMPASS system.This paper introduces VLBI tracking,which has been successfully employed in the Chinese lunar exploration programs Chang’E-1 and Chang’E-2,to the POD of GEO satellites.In contrast to ranging,which measures distances between a GEO satellite and an observer,VLBI is an angular measurement technique that constrains the satellite’s position errors perpendicular to the satellite-to-observer direction.As a demonstration,the Chinese VLBI Network organized a tracking and orbit-determination experiment for a GEO navigation satellite lasting 24 h.This paper uses the VLBI delay and delay-rate data,in combination with C-band ranging data,to determine the GEO satellite’s orbit.The accuracies of the VLBI delay and delay rate data are about 3.6 ns and 0.4 ps/s,respectively.Data analysis shows that the VLBI data are able to calibrate systematic errors of the C-band ranging data,and the combination of the two observations improves orbit prediction accuracy with short-arc data,which is important for orbital recovery after maneuvers of GEO satellites.With the implementation of VLBI2010,it is possible for VLBI to be applied in the COMPASS satellite navigation system.     

加速器中水流量对加速管温度分布及其瞬态响应的影响

加速器中水流量通过影响加速管壁温的分布与变化而对加速器的使用性能产生影响．而水流量又是使用中最容易控制的参量，因此，为使加速器得到较好的使用性能，水流量的合理选择是应该考虑的．为此，探讨水流量对加速管温度的影响就成为必要．本文详细讨论了水流量（及加速器的某些结构参量）对加速管温度的有关参量的影响并归结为某些简单的拟合公式以便实用中大致估算．文中并就不同冷却模式作了对比．     

BeS弹性常数和ZB结构相变的第一原理计算

在密度泛函理论的局域密度近似下,利用CASTEP程序研究了BeS从闪锌矿结构到NiAs结构的相变.通过焓相等得到相变压强为53.3 GPa,与通过高压下弹性常数值判断的结果相符.     

2.5MeV质子静电加速器加速电子束的改制

描述了2.5MeV质子静电加速器改出电子束的一种改进方法.其聚焦系统由电子枪、浸没式短磁透镜和加速管组成;加速电子束用稳定加速器高压的装置被安装,高压稳定度为±1％;扫描窗宽度为400或600mm.电子束能量2.0—2.1MeV,电子束流强150μA.运行时间已超过3000小时.     

具有双陷波特性的类Sierpinski分形超宽带天线的设计

为避免窄带通信系统对超宽带(ultra-wideband,UWB)系统的干扰冲突,提出一款具有双陷波特性的新型类Sierpinski分形超宽带天线的设计方法.天线采用由2个正六边形与圆形嵌套迭代而成的3阶类Sierpinski分形结构作为辐射贴片,并采用截短矩形两侧去切角且中间去矩形的缺陷地结构作为天线的接地板,实现了...     

山谷型藏山羊染色体核型及带型的研究

采用外周血淋巴细胞短斯培养方法，结合Ｇ、Ｃ、Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ显带技术，对山谷型藏山羊的染色体核型、Ｇ带、Ｃ带、Ａｇ－ＮＯＲｓ进行了研究，绘制了Ｇ带模式图，并对山谷型藏山羊的各种显带核型及山谷型藏山羊与藏绵羊的染色体同源性进行了探讨。为科学地评价和利用山谷型藏山羊的遗传资源提供细胞遗传学依据。