氧化石墨烯制备及其结构表征

本文以不同类型的石墨为原料,采用密闭氧化法制备了氧化石墨,并通过超声剥离得到氧化石墨烯,利用氨肼还原法将氧化石墨烯还原得到石墨烯。讨论了不同类型石墨原料对所制备氧化石墨烯微观形貌的影响,并且利用高分辨率扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和X射线衍射仪（XRD）对所制备的氧化石墨烯和石墨烯进行了结构表征,结果表明,在以不同类型石墨为原料所制备的氧化石墨烯中,50目天然鳞片制备的氧化石墨烯的微观形貌最好,呈波浪褶皱状。     

功能化石墨烯的性能与应用

石墨烯是一种具有独特二维晶体结构的新型碳纳米材料,具有优异的力学、电学、光学和热学性能,但是在溶剂中难以分散限制了其在很多领域的应用.功能化石墨烯提高了分散性,充分发挥了石墨烯的优良性能,在储能、生物医药、传感器和复合材料方面具有光明的应用前景.综述了石墨烯和功能化石墨烯的制备方法、优良性能及其各领域的应用.     

利用密度泛函理论研究苄硫醇在石墨烯表面的吸附机理

用密度泛函理论方法对C_7H_7SH在纯的、缺陷的和Hg/Pd掺杂的石墨烯表面的吸附机理进行了详细的研究.主要考虑了两种模型:情况1为C_7H_7SH平躺在各种石墨烯表面;情况2为C_7H_7SH垂直地放在各种石墨烯表面,且巯基靠近表面.结果表明,C_7H_7SH初始构型对它们之间的相互作用在某种程度上有一定的影响.情况1较情况2有较大的吸附能.此外,情况1中吸附能的结果显示C_7H_7SH可以更好地与缺陷的、Hg/Pd掺杂石墨烯表面紧密结合.这一结论同态密度、差分电荷密度的分析也是一致的.     

石墨烯量子点用于修复石墨烯结构缺陷及其薄膜导热性能研究

为解决GO制备过程中,不可避免引入的石墨烯拓扑结构缺陷对热传递性能的显著影响,研究采用石墨烯量子点(GQDs)作为外部碳源,通过在高温条件下修复石墨烯中的拓扑结构缺陷,制备出了自支撑的石墨化–氧化石墨烯/石墨烯量子点(g-GO/GQDs)散热薄膜。与原始的gGO膜相比,g-GO/GQDs薄膜的面内热导率提高了22.1%,达到739.04 W/(m·K)。通过进一步的薄膜结构分析,发现其热导率的提高可归因于石墨化过程中sp2碳晶格域的恢复和形成。石墨烯导热薄膜的散热性能研究表明,该研究结果可有效提高石墨烯薄膜的散热效果,为制备高性能散热薄膜提供了新思路。     

石墨烯/水性聚氨酯复合涂层的制备与性能改善

采用二苯胺磺酸钠(DPS)制备石墨烯水分散液,然后与水性聚氨酯乳液物理共混,干燥后制备出石墨烯/水性聚氨酯复合涂层.结果表明:DPS能够对石墨烯起到良好的分散作用;并且随着石墨烯用量的增加,复合涂层的抗静电性、力学性能、耐高温性、耐水性和耐酸碱性得到有效提高.复合胶膜与纯水性聚氨酯胶膜相比,其表面电阻率从8.64×1012Ω降低至5.54×108Ω,拉伸强度从13.71 MPa增加至17.32 MPa,吸水率由10.33%降低至3.87%,吸酸碱溶液率分别由8.68%和9.36%降低至2.93%和3.84%,硬度提高6.29%,碳化温度提高65℃.     

石墨烯/二氧化锆纳米复合材料的制备及其防腐性能研究

采用静电吸附与水热法制备一种石墨烯/二氧化锆（rGO/ZrO₂）复合材料,将所制备的rGO/ZrO₂作为填料加入环氧树脂涂料中,得到环氧复合防腐涂料。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）及红外光谱（FI-IR）分析rGO/ZrO₂的结构及微观形貌,采用电化学阻抗谱（EIS）分析rGO/ZrO₂环氧涂层的防腐性能。结果表明：ZrO₂纳米颗粒均匀分散在rGO上,平均粒径约为5~10 nm;与纯环氧涂层、rGO环氧涂层、ZrO₂环氧涂层相比,rGO/ZrO₂环氧涂层的防腐性能最好,其阻抗值为7.00 GΩ·cm²。     

单层边缘功能化石墨烯的制备和表征

为探讨石墨烯的氧化过程,以浓硫酸、高锰酸钾和双氧水作为氧化剂,通过部分边缘氧化剥离石墨得到了单层边缘氧化石墨烯(SLMGO),用定量硼氢化钠还原得到了单层边缘功能化石墨烯(SLMFG).使用FT-IR、SEM、TEM、XRD和XPS等手段表征了SLMGO和SLMFG结构和形貌.结果表明:边缘功能化的单层石墨烯较深度氧化的多层石墨烯,能更好地保持层状平面结构.基于好的共轭程度,边缘功能化的石墨烯光电性能将更好.     

石墨烯透明导电薄膜的研究进展

石墨烯是目前发现的唯一存在的二维原子晶体,在薄膜制备中具有很多优点,如高化学和机械稳定性、高透光率、良好的导电性、优异的柔韧性以及原料廉价等,因而被认为是制备透明导电薄膜最有前途的材料之一.文中主要针对单层石墨烯的制备以及石墨烯基透明导电薄膜的研究进展进行综述,并对其发展前景进行展望.     

氧化石墨烯和石墨烯对离子型染料不同吸附性能研究

采用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯,将其采用水合肼还原获得石墨烯,以氧化石墨烯和石墨烯为吸附剂,分别采用透射电镜（TEM）,傅里叶变换红外光谱（FT-IR）,拉曼光谱（RS）和X射线衍射光谱（XPS）对阴阳离子的不同吸附性能进行了分析表征.结果表明：两吸附剂对罗丹明B的吸附能力较甲基橙强,最大吸附容量分别为551.2 mg/g和476.2 mg/g,各吸附体系中的吸附行为都符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和二级动力学反应特征.     

氧化石墨烯和石墨烯对离子型染料不同吸附性能研究

采用改进的Hummers法制备了氧化石墨烯,将其采用水合肼还原获得石墨烯,以氧化石墨烯和石墨烯为吸附剂,分别采用透射电镜(TEM),傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR),拉曼光谱(RS)和X射线衍射光谱(XPS)对阴阳离子的不同吸附性能进行了分析表征.结果表明:两吸附剂对罗丹明B的吸附能力较甲基橙强,最大吸附容量分别为551.2 mg/g和476.2 mg/g,各吸附体系中的吸附行为都符合Langmuir等温吸附模型和二级动力学反应特征.     

Porous graphene: Properties, preparation, and potential applications

Graphene has recently emerged as an important and exciting material.Inspired by its outstanding properties,many researchers have extensively studied graphene-related materials both experimentally and theoretically.Porous graphene is a collection of graphene-related materials with nanopores in the plane.Porous graphene exhibits properties distinct from those of graphene,and it has widespread potential applications in various fields such as gas separation,hydrogen storage,DNA sequencing,and supercapacitors.In this review,we summarize recent progress in studies of the properties,preparation,and potential applications of porous graphene,and show that porous graphene is a promising material with great potential for future development.     

Nonlinear optical properties of graphene-based materials

Graphene,a two-dimensional carbon atom sheet,has attracted tremendous attention and research interest because of its exceptional physical properties.Graphene has high mobility and optical transparency,in addition to flexibility,robustness and environmental stability.The main focus so far has been on fundamental physics and electronic devices.However,because the linear dispersion of the Dirac electrons enables ultrawideband tunability,we believe its true potential lies in photonics and optoelectronics.In this review,we introduce recent advances in the nonlinear optical properties of graphene-based materials.The rise of graphene in nonlinear optics is shown by several recent results,ranging from saturable absorbers and the four-wave mixing effect to giant two-photon absorption,reverse saturable absorption and optical limiting.The relevant forms of the graphene-based materials include pure graphene,graphene oxide and graphene hybrids.     

石墨烯冷涂锌防腐涂料的制备及性能

 采用硅烷偶联剂对氧化石墨烯进行改性后制备了表面功能化石墨烯,并以此功能化石墨烯制备了稳定分散的石墨烯浆料。将此浆料与溶解好的树脂液、预分散好的锌粉浆料混合,制备了石墨烯冷涂锌涂料。通过盐雾试验、接触角试验及电化学测试,确定了石墨烯在涂料体系中的最佳添加量。对石墨烯冷涂锌涂料的性能进行了全面测试,结果显示,涂层耐盐雾时间达到2500 h,是相同厚度热浸锌涂层的2倍以上。     

三氯化铁基少层石墨烯插层化合物的拉曼光谱

 利用拉曼光谱技术,研究了三氯化铁插层掺杂的少层石墨烯薄片。通过G 带拉曼成像可判明样品不同的插层掺杂部分及其掺杂程度。G 带拉曼峰在双层石墨烯和四层石墨烯中分别为单峰和双峰的不同结构。在石墨烯边缘处,G 带拉曼峰会比其内部多出1 个本征的G₀峰,说明石墨烯边缘仍然存在未经插层掺杂的石墨烯。经过插层的双层石墨烯2D 带拉曼峰仍可拟合出4个洛伦兹峰。     

Preparation of three-dimensional graphene foam for high performance supercapacitors

Supercapacitor is a new type of energy-storage device, and has been attracted widely attentions. As a two dimensional (2D) nanomaterials, graphene is considered to be a promising material of supercapacitor because of its excellent properties involving high electrical conductivity and large surface area. In this paper, the large-scale graphene is successfully fabricated via environmental-friendly electrochemical exfoliation of graphite, and then, the three dimensional (3D) graphene foam is prepared by using nickel foam as template and FeCl3/HCl solution as etchant. Compared with the regular 2D graphene paper, the 3D graphene foam electrode shows better electrochemical performance, and exhibits the largest specific capacitance of approximately 128 F/g at the current density of 1 A/g in 6 M KOH electrolyte. It is expected that the 3D graphene foam will have a potential application in the supercapacitors.     

Synthesis of graphene on a Ni film by radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition

Large-area single-or multilayer graphene of high quality is synthesized on Ni films by radio-frequency plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (RF-PECVD) at a relatively low temperature (650℃).In the deposition process,a trace amount of CH4 gas (2-8 sccm (sccm denotes standard cubic centimeter per minute at STP)) is introduced into the PECVD chamber and only a short deposition time (30-60 s) is used.Single-or multilayer graphene is obtained because carbon atoms from the discharging CH4 diffuse into the Ni film and then segregate out at its surface.The layer number of the obtained graphene increases when the deposition time or CH4 gas flow rate is increased.This investigation shows that PECVD is a simple,low-cost,and effective technique to synthesize large-area single-or multilayer graphene,which has potential for application as electronic devices.     

石墨烯的制备方法及表征研究

石墨烯是一种新型二维碳纳米材料,具有许多独特的理化性质。本文重点综述了目前石墨烯制备的主要方法,分析了各种制备方法的特点,对石墨烯表征手段进行了概述,并展望了其发展前景。     

Carbon-nitrogen/graphene composite as metal-free electrocatalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction

Sheet-like carbon-nitrogen (CNx)/graphene composites with a high content of nitrogen (x≤0.15) was prepared by the carbonization of polypyrrole (PPy)/reduced-graphene-oxide (rGO) composite at 600-800°C. We used rGO instead of graphene oxide (GO) sheets as a template and a substrate to immobilize PPy since the PPy/GO composite agglomerates easily because of the dehydration of excess oxygen-containing groups on the GO sheets during the drying process. The dried PPy/rGO intermediate and its derived CNx/graphene products retain their high dispersion and loose-powder features. The as-prepared CNx/graphene composites have a total nitrogen content of about 10 at% and their nitrogen state is mainly of pyridinic and graphitic type. CNx/graphene composites exhibit excellent performance for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in terms of electrocatalytic activity, stability and immunity towards methanol crossover and CO poisoning, suggesting their potential as metal-free electrocatalysts for the ORR.     

点杂质和Anderson无序对于具有S波配对势的石墨烯性质的影响

基于BCS理论,在紧束缚近似下,通过求解Bogoliubov- de Gennes (BdG)方程,自洽地计算了石墨烯晶格中S波超导配对势对化学势的依赖关系.并分别讨论了点杂质和Anderson无序对体系S波超导配对势的影响.     

石墨烯/ZnSe纳米复合物的制备及电化学发光性质

将还原的氧化石墨烯加入合成的ZnSe纳米粒子溶液中,在超声作用下形成石墨烯/ZnSe纳米复合物.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)等分析测试手段对所得产物的形貌、晶型进行了表征,测试了所得产物的紫外吸收光谱和电化学发光行为,研究了影响复合物电化学发光性质的因素,探讨了复合物分析应用的可行性.