ERDAS平台遥感专题信息提取及专题图制作

对遥感数据进行专题信息提取和制作专题图是遥感图像处理的一个重要的内容。本文基于ERDAS IMAGINE操作平台,介绍对遥感专题信息的提取过程和专题图的制作流程。     

遥感图像土地覆被专题信息提取方法综述

土地覆被是全球变化研究的重要内容,而专题信息获取是其研究的前提和基础,如何有效地利用丰富的遥感数据源获取高精度的土地覆被专题信息,对于实时动态监测具有重要的意义.在综合分析当前主要的遥感信息提取方法基础上,将土地覆被专题信息提取方法归纳为目视解译、基于统计分析的图像分类、多源信息复合和基于对象的专题信息提取四大类,并综述了各种方法的优缺点、适用领域和应用情况,最后对其研究方向和发展趋势进行了展望,指出地学专家知识、人工智能、非线性理论以及“面向地块”的信息提取方法是其发展方向.     

基于ArcScan的遥感影像中水域信息快速提取方法

将遥感信息的动态性和地理信息系统的分析功能相结合,可以快速、准确地分析水域动态变化。作者在总结前人研究的基础上,提出了基于ArcScan自动矢量化水体边界、快速提取水域信息的方法,文章主要介绍了ArcScan模块、研究流程与具体的方法,并以安徽巢湖2个时期的水域信息提取为例,取得了很好的效果;实践表明,在遥感图像分类的基础上,基于ArcScan自动提取水域信息的方法获得底图要素,可以大大提高专题制图的质量、效率和灵活性。     

基于混合特征空间MRF(Markov Random Filed)模型的高分辨率遥感影像水体提取

水体信息提取是遥感图像在水资源调查与利用、水生态监测等应用中的关键技术之一.针对现有的水体指数法或影像分类法在水体边界处理效果不够精确、易产生误提取和漏提取等问题,提出一种基于混合特征空间与MRF模型图像分割算法的水体提取新算法.结合遥感图像颜色特征与归一化差异水体指数NDWI创建混合特征空间,将遥感图像中的像素作为MRF模型中的随机变量,构建基于混合特征的能量函数,使用迭代的图割算法(Graph Cut)最小化能量函数确定水体边界,然后根据已提取的水体主体的水体指数及颜色特征等信息对水体边界进行自适应精细化处理.对石梁河水库水体提取的实验表明,该方法能够自动对周边环境复杂的水库水体信息进行提取,并且水体边界的提取效果良好,达到较高的水体提取精度.     

基于空间形态特征遥感边缘信息的提取方法

边缘信息是地物间波谱差异的反映.仅仅考虑灰度差异并不能满足专题信息-地物边缘提取的需要.加入地物的空间形态特征依据,可以使边缘信息提取更准确.在灰值形态学梯度算法和多方位形态结构元素形态学理论分析基础上,提出了提取遥感图像边缘信息的新方法.叙述了结构元素的设计和边缘提取过程,给出了应用实例并得到良好的视觉效果.     

TM遥感图像中居民点的自动提取

介绍了一种TM遥感图像中居民点目标自动提取的方法.针对TM遥感图像的光谱特征,提出一种基于多波段信息的图像分割模型,提取出居民点、道路及河滩地等光谱相近的地物.然后依据居民点的形态特征分离道路,并利用空间关系知识分离出河滩地.试验结果表明该方法能快速准确地识别提取TM遥感图像中的大部分居民点.     

基于LinkNet卷积神经网络的高分辨率遥感影像水体信息提取

针对高空间分辨率(简称高分辨率)遥感影像在水体信息提取时准确度不高的问题,采用LinkNet卷积神经网络模型对高分辨率遥感影像进行水体信息提取,验证该网络模型对于水体信息提取的可行性及有效性.首先选取包含水体的影像数据作为训练数据,然后构建LinkNet卷积神经网络模型,并利用构建好的网络模型训练得到水体信息的先验模型,最后采用该模型对真实高分辨率遥感影像进行水体信息提取,并与经典算法比较.实验结果表明:LinkNet卷积神经网络模型能够实现高分辨率遥感影像水体信息的高精度提取,且优于经典算法.     

辐射沙脊群地貌因子自动提取模型

使用常规遥感图像处理方法提取江苏沿海辐射沙脊群地貌因子,需要大量的人工解译工作,费时费力效率较低。研究使用Model Builder建模工具构建沙脊群地貌因子的自动提取模型,实现了地貌信息的一站式实时提取,避免多次重复工作,能够快速有效地得到较为准确的地貌因子。依据辐射沙脊群水边线、沙脊中心线自动化提取算法,在模型中集成了遥感图像处理和GIS的数据转换与空间分析功能。使用三期Landsat TM影像进行了提取试验;并将结果与原影像、传统目视解译方法获得的地貌特征数据进行了比较验证。结果表明,该方法有较高的实用意义,在水边线、沙脊中心线信息提取速度快、精度较高。     

海战场的目标检测与识别

针对海战场图像信息的目标检测与识别,提出了一种适于海战场区域特征的遥感图像目标检测与识别方法．研究采用线性滤波器将图像划分为若干个空间尺度,并对不同空间尺度的图像,根据生物视觉生理特性的原理,提取图像中目标的视觉显著性特征,此特征包含目标不同于其周围区域的程度和空间分布状态．根据分析提取的目标空间特征信息,使用支持向量机对视觉显著性特征图像进行分类,实现目标信息提取,并通过Dempster-Shafer证据理论的分析方法判断目标的相关信息及其置信度,达到识别目标的目的．实验结果表明：此方法能以高可靠性和高精确度检测出海战场图像信息中的目标,获取目标相关信息．     

基于卫星遥感的水体信息提取研究进展与展望

水体时空分布特征对于水资源监测与应用具有重要意义,而包括水体分布在内的地物覆盖类型分类和变化分析是遥感技术最常见的应用。对大区域的水体参数提取,尤其是高山无人区的水体的定量分析,利用卫星遥感数据进行水体位置、面积、形状和河宽等水体参数提取,不仅节省人力、保障安全,还提高了工作效率,已经成为一种快速获取水体参数的有效方法和手段。该文从4个方面对卫星遥感在水体信息提取上的应用现状进行综述:水体在电磁波波谱各波谱段的反射特性; 1980年以来国内外基于雷达和光学遥感数据提取水体信息的研究状况和具体应用方向;各种水体信息提取方法的工作原理和优缺点;应用卫星遥感技术提取水体信息面临的挑战和尚待解决的关键问题,利用遥感技术提取水体遥感信息的发展趋势展望。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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Brief Introduction to “Journal of Jilin University( Science Edition) ”

<正>"Journal of Jilin University(Science Edition)"is a comprehensive academic journal in the fields of science sponsored by Jilin University and administrated by the Ministry of Education of the Peoples Republic of China.The journal started publication in 1955.The original name at starting publication was"Journal of Natural Science of Northeast People University",which was changed into"Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Jilinensis"in 1958 owing to the name change of the university.The present journal name has