数学形态学的细化算法

对目标图象进行细化处理,提取其骨架,在目标检测、图象编码以及光学字符识别等计算机视觉、图象处理与模式识别领域都有着广泛的应用．在定义了数学形态学图象轮廓和骨架的基础上,提出了基于两组结构元素模板的数学形态学细化新算法,这两组结构元素模板分别用来去掉目标的西北、东北、东南、西南方向四个角上的点和北、东、南、西四个方向上的点．用该算法对实际的字符进行细化,获得了令人满意的结果．     

Fourier描述符的印鉴识别方法

基于手刻或机刻两枚具有相同字符内容的印鉴其字符骨架线的空间分布不可能完全相同,介绍了用匹配字符轮廓线的测度方法,并选用字符的包络线作为匹配的骨架线．提出了基于Ｆｏｕｒｉｅｒ描述符的轮廓匹配的印鉴识别方法,其主要优点是可以在很少约束条件下获取印鉴图象．     

一种文字类图象预处理的快速运算过程

在数字图象分析的过程中，首先要求对图象进行预处理，在预处理过程中，要求算法结构简单，性能可靠，应用普遍，以及实施速度快，并能准确地找出图象的骨架，保留图象的重要部分，失真度小．本文对图象的预处理分别提出了确定二值图阈值和提取图象骨架的快速算法。实验表明，该算法的连续过程满足上述要求，是一种较理想的图象预处理的方法。     

用于字符数控加工的图像细化算法

提出了一种针对字符加工的图像细化算法。该算法满足了新的字符加工方法因为要使用字符骨架生成刀位轨迹而对细化算法的要求。根据新的加工方法的思路，通过对传统细化算法进行分析，并且结合opta算法，新算法弥被了通过传统算法获得的骨架偏离图像中心，有毛刺等缺点，新算法能准确地得到骨架上每一点的宽度，并计算出相应的深度，使新的字符加工方法能够加工出传统字符加工无法表现的雕刻效果，通过新算法得到了居中并且光滑的骨架，取得了很好的加工效果。     

一种新的文本预处理方法研究

文本预处理是整个字符识别系统的重要组成部分．它的性能的优劣，对整个字符识别系统的识别率和识别速度至关重要．由于汉字印刷文稿版面的复杂性，其文本预处理远比西文困难．本文提出了一种新的文本预处理方法．实现了含有文字字符，图形，图片和表格的、版面结构复杂的数字图象的分割．整个算法分为两个阶段完成：首先，从图形的连通原则出发，定义了扩展连通域的概念，对整个文本图象逐行扫描，搜索出所有的扩展连通域，进而通过集合的交、并操作，将属于一个字符或图象、图片和表格的若干个扩展连通域合并．这时扩展连通域已标记文本图象中的字符尺寸大小和位置．然后，基于同一行字符的间距的知识，将扩展连通域合并为逻辑字符行（横，竖）；由字符行的高（宽）度的一致性及间距的知识，将逻辑字符行合并为逻辑块：按照印刷文稿的排版规律完成版面的结构识别、并将标记字符位置和大小的扩展连通域的顺序按版面结构信息重新组合，最后把字符规范为一定尺寸的点阵图象输出到字符识别器．本文提出的文本预处理方法已经实现．经实际运行测试表明，系统对于复杂版面的文件，书刊和报纸的文本图象的分割，具有较好的效果．     

一种公开数字图象块相关自适应随机水印算法

提出了一种新颖的公开数字图象块相关自适应随机水印算法，该算法以一幅彩色图象作为水印信息使得隐藏的水印信息量大，优于通常把文本、字符作为水印的方法；在水印嵌入时根据原始图象自身的特性，自适应地调节嵌入深度来保证水印的不可见性；分块随机嵌入提高了水印嵌入的顽健性；利用块相关技术使得水印提取过程不需要使用原始图象和其他参数，实现了有真正实用价值的公开水印图象算法．通过实验验证，效果良好。     

基于车辆牌照识别系统字符的特征提取方法研究

对车辆牌照识别系统中分割下来的牌照字符特征提取环节涉及的新算法、新技术进行了深入探讨,主要研究用提取图象变换系数、图象统计矩和方向特征量的方法提取字符的分类特征,针对实验结果进行了分析。以上工作为车辆牌照识别系统的整体设计打下了一定的基础。     

一种各向同性细化和连通中轴变换的并行算法

从保证准确重建性出发．给出一个基于“局部最大标号”的各向同性细化 （ＩＴ）和连通中轴变换（ＣＭＡＴ）算法。其骨架点判别全部由几个简单３×３旋转模 式匹配完成，因而比现有的ＩＴ和 ＣＭＡＴ算法更简单直观。产生的骨架多余点也比 其它类似的算法更少，并能通过重建算法准确重建原图象．     

基于改进差分边缘检测法的车牌字符二值化算法

针对车牌字符光照和污损的复杂特征,对车牌图象的二值化算法进行了深入的分析和研究,提出了一种基于差分边缘检测算法的改进图象二值化算法.实验结果表明,改进算法能够有效地将字符清晰地从背景中分割出来,分割速度快并且有助于提高字符识别的正确率.     

一种基于字符骨架的汉字细化算法

字符细化可极大地消除冗余信息,提高字符特征提取的速度和准确率,文中提出一种直接提取字符中心骨架的细化算法,基于字符八方向长特征和线段内切圆心连线提取字符中心轴线,同时得到笔划的类型信息。实验表明,该算法具有很好的鲁棒性,可以稳定有效的细化字符。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with