基于社交网络的民航旅客偏好建模

从社会网络的视角,提出了一种旅客个体偏好与关系偏好相结合的建模方法.首先,从旅客的历史出行记录中,构建基于共同出行关系的旅客社会网络;然后,构建旅客个体偏好模型和旅客关系偏好模型;最后,基于旅客偏好模型给旅客推荐座位.在民航领域的一个真实的数据集上进行了实验,证明本文提出的偏好模型能够有机地将旅客个体偏好与关系偏好结合起来,较好地描述旅客对航班座位的偏好.     

基于旅客画像的航班出行选择预测方法研究与实现

根据预处理后的旅客出行数据,运用改进的K-means聚类算法进行用户分群,提取聚类特征得到旅客类型子集合,并构建用户画像.基于特征重构数据库,构建旅客类型、出行方式、出行时间段三个维度的交叉巢式Logit模型,捕捉选择方案间的相关性,预测旅客航班出行方式、出行时间段的交叉选择,并基于实际数据进行参数估值和检验.结果表明,旅客倾向于先根据个人及家庭的需求形成旅客类型,考虑选择何种出行方式,最后在旅客类型和出行方式的双重约束下选择航班的出发时间,为机场实施需求管理提供有效依据.     

基于历史出行记录扩充的公交乘客下车站点推算方法

用出行链方法推算的下车站点的记录可作为历史出行数据集,而现有的研究在对出行链断裂的记录进行下车站点推算时使用的历史数据集较小,造成可推算下车站点数据量少、准确率低的缺点.提出基于历史出行记录扩充的公交乘客下车站点推算方法 .首先,使用多源数据集成的出行链方法进行下车站点推算,将已确定下车站点的数据作为历史数据集;其次,基于个人历史相似出行的方法对于未确定下车站点的记录进行推算;最后,选择同线路同站点上车的其他乘客的IC卡记录作为每条未识别下车站点记录的群体历史出行记录,并基于相似出行行为规律进行下车站点的推算.该方法增加了可推算下车站点记录的数据量、提高了推算的准确率.以厦门市为例的实验结果表明:在历史出行记录生成时,使用多源数据可比单源数据多生成3. 48%历史出行记录,推算准确率提高1. 99%;在历史出行记录选择时,选择群体历史出行记录分析得到的历史相似出行行为规律,可对前两种方法无法确定下车站点的所有记录进行推算,占全部待推算记录的21. 81%,其中5. 37%记录的下车站点推算正确.     

基于MA模型的移动Ad Hoc网络路径长度预测

移动Ad Hoc网络中,节点之间的路径长度是构建QoS路由的一个重要参数,提出一种基于移动平均(MA)模型的网络路径长度预测方法.首先根据赤池信息量准则(AIC)确定MA模型的阶,然后对路径长度的历史和当前数据进行时间序列分析,找出之间的自相关性,从而预测未来路径长度.建立仿真实验,在AODV和DSR网络协议下,节点分别执行MHG和RPGM移动模型,通过提出的方法对各种场景下的路径长度进行预测,并根据性能指标评估预测性能.结果表明,提出的方法能够有效地预测未来路径长度.     

铁路客运需求分析与短期客流预测研究

旅客对于铁路客运的需求直接决定了铁路自身的运输生产,对历史旅客需求规律的准确分析以及对未来短期需求的准确预测对旅客运输组织的优化极为重要。为此,提出了基于Prophet模型的铁路客运量需求分析方法和基于Seq2Seq-Attention与Prophet非线性组合模型的短期客流预测方法。前者可以从长期的历史数据中分解出普适整个数据的客流时间分布特征,从而对过去的客运需求规律做出分析;后者利用神经网络进行非线性组合,以求在不同规模的数据集上充分发挥Seq2Seq-Attention网络与Prophet模型各自的优势,做出更精准的客流需求预测。通过实例验证表明,使用Prophet模型将客流历史数据分解成多种时间分布类型数据后在整个数据集上的误差仅有6.68%,同时Seq2Seq-Prophet模型在数据集上的预测效果好于组成它的单模型和其余既有方法。     

基于双参数的城际旅客出行方式动态仿真方法

基于仿真思想,利用数学模型描述交通方式特性和旅客自身特性对城际旅客出行方式选择行为的动态交互影响.综合应用生产法与收入法,根据旅客有无小轿车的属性,引入比例系数,改进了出行时间价值的计算模型;在研究等待时间参数和不能精确定量描述元素参数的分布表达函数的基础上,设计了城际旅客出行方式选择行为仿真方法;通过分析沪杭城际运输通道的调查数据,对旅客的出行方式选择行为进行了仿真,并对相关影响因素进行了灵敏度分析,论证了仿真方法的正确性和有效性.     

广珠城轨站市内接驳交通方式的调查分析——以江门东站为例

本文在分析广珠城轨站市内接驳交通现状和旅客出行选择偏好的基础上,研究旅客的市内接驳交通方式选择行为.在江门东站进行了意愿和行为相结合的调查,基于调查数据对旅客的个人属性和出行选择属性进行聚类分析和相关性分析发现,公交车和出租车是旅客的主要接驳交通方式,收入越高的群体选择出租车作为接驳交通方式的比例越高;人群类别、出行目的、出行地区、公费出行、出行费用、安全性和舒适性为影响旅客出行选择行为的7项关键因素.基于此,建立了广珠城轨站旅客市内接驳交通方式选择行为的多项Logit模型,借助SPSS22.0软件,通过最大似然法标定模型参数.本模型的拟合程度较好,基于调查数据随机测试发现,模型对旅客出行选择行为的预测正确率为85.67%,说明本文方法具有一定的可行性.     

基于时空LSTM的OD客运需求预测

客运需求预测是打造智能交通系统中的重要一环,精准的预测模型有助于预分配交通资源,改善用户出行体验.然而客运需求的动态时空特性导致准确预测客运需求具有很大的挑战.本文提出了一种基于时空长短期记忆网络(LSTM)的出发地—目的地(OD)客运需求预测模型(STLSTM-PDP),显式地建模了客运需求时间序列内部的时间依赖关系和序列之间的空间依赖关系,预测未来一段时间所有OD的客运需求量.在全国民航重点航线客运需求量数据集及某城市区域间出租车客运量数据集上进行了实验,结果表明:STLSTM-PDP模型优于其他现有的预测方法,其MAE比其他方法降低了4.4%～41.4%,RMSE降低了4.3%～49.1%.     

基于信息融合的网络安全态势感知模型

在分析已有的安全态势评估和预测方法的基础上,提出了基于信息融合的网络安全态势感知模型.该模型采用D-S证据理论对多源网络安全数据进行融合,计算漏洞、服务、主机、网络的安全态势值.同时根据历史安全态势评估结果,利用支持向量回归理论对未来态势进行预测.相比已有的安全态势评估和预测方法,该模型的结构更加完整,结果更为准确有效.     

考虑需求强度与群体差异的公路旅客出行行为异质性研究

基于联网售票数据,提出公路旅客群体识别方法,建立了基于K-means聚类及决策树CHAID算法的公路旅客群体识别嵌套模型,提取了平峰与高峰时期旅客群体的细分规则及群体细分特征,并利用结构方程模型获取了需求强度对公路旅客出行行为异质性的影响机理.研究结果表明:平峰时期,购票方式、出行时刻及提前取票时间是划分旅客群体的主要因素.高峰时期,旅客出行计划性更强,提前16h以上取票的旅客占比相对平峰时期高约2％;将需求强度等级由高至低划分为1至4级;需求强度提升将导致常规出行型旅客更倾向于人工购票,计划出行型旅客更倾向于网络购票;常规出行型旅客受票价的影响程度高于计划出行型旅客0.113％,揭示了常规出行型旅客对票价提高不敏感;计划出行型旅客的出行时刻选择几乎不受需求强度变化影响.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

An Index mechanism for multi-scale view in spatial databases

There are numerous geometric objects stored in the spatial databases. An importance function in a spatial database is that users can browse the geometric objects as a map efficiently. Thus the spatial database should display the geometric objects users concern about swiftly onto the display window. This process includes two operations:retrieve data from database and then draw them onto screen. Accordingly, to improve the efficiency, we should try to reduce time of both retrieving object and displaying them. The former can be achieved with the aid of spatial index such as R-tree, the latter require to simplify the objects. Simplification means that objects are shown with sufficient but not with unnecessary detail which depend on the scale of browse. So the major problem is how to retrieve data at different detail level efficiently. This paper introduces the implementation of a multi-scale index in the spatial database SISP (Spatial Information Shared Platform) which is generalized from R-tree. The difference between the generalization and the R-tree lies on two facets: One is that every node and geometric object in the generalization is assigned with a importance value which denote the importance of them, and every vertex in the objects are assigned with a importance value,too. The importance value can be use to decide which data should be retrieve from disk in a query. The other difference is that geometric objects in the generalization are divided into one or more sub-blocks, and vertexes are total ordered by their importance value. With the help of the generalized R-tree, one can easily retrieve data at different detail levels.Some experiments are performed on real-life data to evaluate the performance of solutions that separately use normal spatial index and multi-scale spatial index. The results show that the solution using multi-scale index in SISP is satisfying.     

Jane Eyre——A Feminist In The 19th Century

In the 19th century the society was controlled by men, and women were just appendants of them, they had not any rights and freedom. But Jane was an exception, she showed some characteristics of early feminist. Jane showed her characteristics of feminism in three aspects: rebellion, equality, and independence. These characteristics were helpful to her success, and feminism is the only way out for women of that time.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-