The c-myc oncogene driven by immunoglobulin enhancers induces lymphoid malignancy in transgenic mice

Transgenic mice bearing the cellular myc oncogene coupled to the immunoglobulin mu or kappa enhancer frequently develop a fatal lymphoma within a few months of birth. Since the tumours represent represent both immature and mature B lymphocytes, constitutive c-myc expression appears to be highly leukaemogenic at several stages of B-cell maturation. These myc mice should aid study of lymphoma development, B-cell ontogeny and immunoglobulin regulation.     

GPS双子表面活性剂与SDBS的协同效应研究

研究了溴化1,4／1,6-双-α-烷基吡啶丁烷／己烷（GPS）双子表面活性剂与普通阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠（SDBS）之间的协同效应,考察了二者复配比例对体系表面张力和临界胶束浓度的影响．实验结果证明,GPS双子表面活性剂与SDBS之间有强的相互作用;当GPS与SDBS的比例为3：7时,二者的协调效应最强;连接基对协同效应的影响比烷基链长度对协同效应的影响更大．     

表面活性剂EQ-M与SDBS的协同效应研究

评价了阳离子型表面活性剂溴化-N-十六烷基-3-吡啶甲酸甲酯和溴化-N-十六烷基-3-吡啶甲酸乙二醇单酯(代号EQ-M)与普通阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)之间的协同效应,考察了复配比例对体系表面张力和临界胶束浓度的影响.实验结果表明:EQ-M型阳离子型表面活性剂与阴离子表面活性剂SDBS之间有强的相互作用,当EQ-M与SDBS的比例为1∶1时,二者的协调效应最强;EQ16-CH3与SDBS复配体系的cm c降低了一个数量级,EQ16-OH与SDBS复配后cm c降低了2个数量级;γcm c也有略有下降.结果还表明,头基的结构对协同效应有较大的影响,含有极性头基(羟基)的EQ16-OH与SDBS的协同效应更强,可能的原因是二者之间可以形成氢键,从而导致阴,阳离子表面活性剂之间更加紧密的排列.     

Correlation between fragmented immunoglobulin genes and heavy chain deletion mutants.

It is generally accepted that the variable (V) and constant (C) regions of immunoglobulin (Ig) chains are under separate genetic control. The notion that the different domains and interdomain regions are also under the control of independent genetic units was initially based on the clearcut results obtained by studying the primary structure of deletion mutants and received definitive support from direct analysis of cloned heavy (H) and light (L) chain genes. Here we present additional studies carried out on two selected gamma 3 deletion mutants which indicate the genetic control of human H chains may be even more complex than previously believed.     

Reciprocal chromosome translocation between c-myc and immunoglobulin gamma 2b genes

Specific chromosome translocations have been observed in transformed cell lines of both man and mouse and may be implicated in the origin or maintenance of malignancy. In mouse plasmacytomas, translocations have been identified that bring the immunoglobulin alpha heavy-chain gene (C alpha, normally located on chromosome 12) into proximity with c-myc (normally located on chromosome 15), c-myc being the mouse cellular homologue of the avian myelocytomatosis virus transforming gene (v-myc). Here we identify a DNA rearrangement in a mouse hybridoma that has brought c-myc close to C gamma 2b and show that this rearrangement occurred by reciprocal chromosome translocation, as recombinant clones were isolated from the same cell line in which a rearranged variable-region (VH) gene has been brought close to 5' c-myc sequences. The translocation has resulted in the net loss of 7 base pairs (bp) of chromosome 15 sequence as well as in the presence of an additional base of unknown provenance. This reciprocal translocation was analysed in DNA from a mouse hybridoma cell line but is shown to be characteristic of the X63Ag8 myeloma parent.     

不同启动子调控的两种半纤维素酶分泌表达的比较

为提高耐热木聚糖酶DSB和耐热甘露聚糖酶ManB在毕赤酵母GS115中分泌表达的酶活力,选择了3个调控蛋白表达能力较强的启动子P_(FLD1),P_(GAP)和P_(TEF1),以P_(AOX1)为参照,分别在毕赤酵母GS115中进行分泌表达.摇瓶发酵结果表明:P_(FLD1),P_(TEF1),P_(GAP)和P_(AOX1)能有效介导DSB和ManB的分泌,但其胞外酶活相差较大.对于DSB,使用P_(AOX1)时酶活力明显高于P_(FLD1),P_(TEF1)和P_(GAP),最高酶活达846 U/mL;对于ManB,使用P_(FLD1)时酶活力高于P_(AOX1),最高酶活达222 U/mL.故在GS115中分泌表达DSB时选用P_(AOX1),而分泌表达ManB时选用P_(FLD1).     

Correlation between immunoglobulin light chain expression and variant translocation in Burkitt's lymphoma

Burkitt's-type lymphomas-leukaemias (BL) are monoclonal proliferations of malignant B lymphocytes. Irrespective of whether they carry the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome, these tumour cells have been shown consistently to have one of the specific reciprocal chromosome translocations, t(8; 14), t(2; 8) or t(8; 22), involving the long arm of chromosome 8 (on 8q24) and chromosome 14, 2 or 22 (on 14q32, 2p12 and 22q11, respectively). The latter chromosomes have been shown recently to carry genes for immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chains, and kappa and lambda light chains, respectively. Furthermore, the localization of kappa light chains within 2pcen-2p13 encompasses the breakpoint observed in Burkitt's translocation (2p12). It was therefore considered of interest to determine whether the expression of immunoglobulin chains in BL cells is related to the type of chromosomal anomalies observed. We report here that there is a direct relationship between expression of immunoglobulin light chains and specific type of translocation: BL cells with t(8; 22) express lambda chains, whereas those with t(2; 8) express kappa chains.     

山楂抗氧化性及其协同作用的研究

采用清除DPPH.自由基法,研究了山楂提取物的抗氧化能力,以及山楂提取物分别与Vc和槲皮素协同对DPPH.的清除率.结果表明:山楂提取物具有较强的抗氧化能力.山楂提取物分别与Vc和槲皮素复配均具有一定的抗氧化协同作用,且山楂提取物与Vc的抗氧化协同作用强于山楂提取物与槲皮素.     

同系列非离子表面活性剂的复配

用正交试验考察了同系列非离子表面活性剂混合物的表面张力、浊点、润湿性、去污性等性能随碳数与环氧乙烷加合数的变化。     

碱与表面活性剂在油水界面上的协同作用

通过对比油/碱(O/A)、油/碱-表面活性剂(O/AS)体系的动态界面张力,发现加入碱降低油水界面张力(DIFT_(min)),而高碱浓度下,界面张力反而升高;加入表面活性剂后,低碱浓度时界面张力升高,而高碱浓度下体系的界面张力显著降低.通过对比相同离子浓度下NaOH与NaOH-NaCl溶液与重油的界面张力发现,OH-也对高碱浓度下界面张力的升高具有重要的影响;通过测定油碱作用后从油相扩散至水相的总碳含量(TOC)的变化,发现油相扩散至水相的组分的量增加.综合考虑上述实验结果,认为NaOH和外加表面活性剂在油水界面上的协同作用为:NaOH与重油潜在的界面活性物质作用生成原位表面活性剂,外加表面活性剂取代原位表面活性剂在油水界面上发生吸附,促进原位界面活性物质离开油水界面,从而使得原油中潜在的界面活性物质得以与原油反应,进而生成更多的原位界面活性物质从而降低油水界面张力.