基于机构动力学特笥仿真的高压断路器优化设计

基于多体动力学原理，利用多体系统仿真软件包建立了VS1型高压断路器的机构动力学模型，并通过试验测试了该型号断路器的机械特性，结果表明所建模型的输出特性跟试验结果吻合得很好，证明了模型的正确性。该模型的建立对于研究断路器的瞬态特性具有重要意义，从而为优化设计提供了良好的平台。基于所建立的模型，对断路器中的部分关键部件，如凸轮连杆机构和油缓冲器进行了优化设计。优化结果表明：对于凸轮连杆机构，若滚轮半径为12．5mm，该机构将有较好的动力传递特性；对于油缓冲器，要想得到较好的缓冲特性，阻力系数的合理范围应为0．05－0．5。     

计及电动斥力效应的低压塑壳断路器机构动力学仿真

采用基于多体动力学原理的软件包ADAMS，建立了低压塑壳断路器操作机构的动力学模型，并通过实验测试了该型号断路器的机械性能．结果表明，所建模型的输出特性与实验结果吻合很好，证明了仿真模型的正确性．该模型的建立对于研究断路器的瞬态特性具有重要意义，为研究电动斥力对断路器机械特性的影响及机构的优化设计提供了良好的平台．利用霍尔姆公式和三维有限元分析软件ANSYS，计算短路开断过程的电动斥力，分析了短路情况下电动斥力对低压断路器开断过程的影响，实现了机电耦合．由于电动斥力的作用，机构短路情况下的动作时间比手动脱扣缩短了约2ms．     

基于脱扣力的低压断路器连杆机构优化设计

在对低压断路器的连杆机构进行机构分析和受力分析的基础上,以脱扣力为优化目标,以单一变量为约束条件进行初步优化运算,根据初步优化结果选择了多变量约束条件并确立了优化模型,采用复合形法对连杆机构进行了优化设计,脱扣力比原设计有较大幅度的下降。计算结果表明,优化模型建立正确,优化方法选择适当,对于提高低压断路器的工作质量具有指导意义。     

高压断路器操动机构动力学特性联合仿真研究

基于联合仿真方法,建立了包含传动机构动力学模型与液压系统仿真模型的高压断路器操动机构联合仿真模型.以液压操动高压断路器为研究对象,搭建工程实验测试平台,并测量了液压操动断路器在分合闸操动下动触头及液压推杆的位移特性,通过与工程实验数据的对比,验证了联合仿真模型的准确性与适用性.基于所建立的联合仿真模型,分析了液压系统不同初始油压下的断路器操动机构的动力学特性.研究结果表明:当液压系统油压为44～49 MPa时,能够优化断路器操动时间和传动机构运动的平稳性.     

基于田口法的含间隙传动机构动力学特性分析优化

研究运动副间隙对机构的非线性动态特性的影响;基于间隙矢量模型,建立含间隙旋转副的"碰撞铰"模型,采用修正的非线性弹簧阻尼模型模拟碰撞过程中的法向力、修正的库仑摩擦模型描述碰撞过程中的切向力;将建立的碰撞铰模型嵌入ADAMS动力学分析软件中,研究不同的间隙、销轴半径、接触面的摩擦因数对机构动力学特性的影响。然后运用田口方法,把上述参数作为可控因子,铰接触碰撞过程中的最大接触力作为噪声因子,采用正交试验L9(3~4)进行试验设计分析。研究结果表明:间隙、半径、摩擦因数均能影响机构的动力学特性,间隙对噪声因子的影响最大。该研究方法及分析结果可为多连杆机构的优化设计与可靠性的提高提供参考。     

重型载货汽车悬架的优化设计

为了满足车辆悬架设计中平顺性与操纵稳定性相互兼顾的需要,基于车辆多体动力学及优化设计原理,在虚拟样机下建立了重型汽车独立悬架的三位数字化模型,并进行了优化设计分析,提出了一种悬架系统参数及系统刚度匹配的悬架优化设计方法.结果表明:采用该方法进行悬架的优化设计,可有效地提高车辆悬架的动态特性;较好地控制悬架刚度随车轮上跳的变化趋势.     

新型多臂开口机构动力学

本文对新型多臂开口机构进行了动力分析。作者取摆动滑块为动参考系,导出了凸轮-导杆机构的相对运动关系式,并用间接法找到该高次方程的解。对于六连杆机构的非线性方程组求得其数值解。对整套机构建立动力学方程,并得到相应的结果。     

真空断路器弹簧操动机构中凸轮机构的优化设计

改善真空断路器操动机构的传动运动特性 ,减小真空断路器的操作输出功 ,对提高真空断路器的操作使用性能及寿命都具有直接的影响 利用凸轮机构的多项式运动规律的特点 ,以凸轮多项式运动规律的多项式系数为优化变量 ,以断路器操动机构最小的输出功为目标函数 ,考虑操动机构合分闸时凸轮机构传动压力角的情况 ,建立了弹簧操动机构中凸轮机构的优化数学模型 ,并利用MATLAB语言的优化工具箱方便地实现了优化过程 ,得到了较理想的优化设计结果     

一种含转动副间隙多连杆机构非线性动力学行为分析方法（英文）

给出一种通过对欠驱动机构的分析来预测含转动副间隙多连杆机构动态特性的方法,利用该方法对含转动副间隙平面多连杆机构的非线性动态特性进行分析。以含转动副间隙的二自由度九连杆机构为研究对象,首先通过将转动副间隙看作虚拟无质量连杆,据此可把含转动副间隙九连杆机构变为欠驱动的十连杆机构;然后利用拉格朗日方程建立欠驱动十连杆机构的非线性动力学模型,采用龙格-库塔法对动力学模型进行数值求解,分析机构中滑块的位置、速度和加速度等运动输出、曲柄的驱动力矩等动力学响应,通过相图和庞加莱映射图对含转动副间隙的二自由度九连杆机构中存在混沌现象进行辨识;最后研究不同间隙值和不同驱动速度对九连杆机构混沌的影响,并绘制分岔图。该研究对于进一步研究含多间隙复杂连杆机构的非线性动力学研究具有重要价值。     

高速递纸机构能耗最优的动力学设计

为满足印刷机械对递纸机构高速平稳运行的要求,采用共轭凸轮和摇杆滑块构成递纸机构,本文以高速递纸机构为对象,研究能耗最优的动力学优化设计.首先,根据递纸作业要求选定凸轮从动件运动规律,建立机构运动学模型,通过计算确定共轭凸轮轮廓.在此基础上,利用牛顿欧拉法建立机构的动力学模型,求出驱动力矩、驱动功率以及运动周期内的能耗.最后,以能耗最小为目标,采用粒子群优化算法对递纸机构进行动力学优化设计.实例证明,优化后的递纸机构节能效果明显.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Characterization of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs, southeastern Saskatchewan, Canada

The discovery of the prolific Ordovician Red River reservoirs in 1995 in southeastern Saskatchewan was the catalyst for extensive exploration activity which resulted in the discovery of more than 15 new Red River pools. The best yields of Red River production to date have been from dolomite reservoirs. Understanding the processes of dolomitization is, therefore, crucial for the prediction of the connectivity, spatial distribution and heterogeneity of dolomite reservoirs.The Red River reservoirs in the Midale area consist of 3～4 thin dolomitized zones, with a total thickness of about 20 m, which occur at the top of the Yeoman Formation. Two types of replacement dolomite were recognized in the Red River reservoir: dolomitized burrow infills and dolomitized host matrix. The spatial distribution of dolomite suggests that burrowing organisms played an important role in facilitating the fluid flow in the backfilled sediments. This resulted in penecontemporaneous dolomitization of burrow infills by normal seawater. The dolomite in the host matrix is interpreted as having occurred at shallow burial by evaporitic seawater during precipitation of Lake Almar anhydrite that immediately overlies the Yeoman Formation. However, the low δ18O values of dolomited burrow infills (-5.9‰～ -7.8‰, PDB) and matrix dolomites (-6.6‰～ -8.1‰, avg. -7.4‰ PDB) compared to the estimated values for the late Ordovician marine dolomite could be attributed to modification and alteration of dolomite at higher temperatures during deeper burial, which could also be responsible for its 87Sr/86Sr ratios (0.7084～0.7088) that are higher than suggested for the late Ordovician seawaters (0.7078～0.7080). The trace amounts of saddle dolomite cement in the Red River carbonates are probably related to "cannibalization" of earlier replacement dolomite during the chemical compaction.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

橡胶颗粒沥青混合料低温抗裂性试验研究

以AC-13级配为基础,将橡胶颗粒代替部分集料掺入混合料中,以低温弯曲试验为评价方法对不同橡胶颗粒掺量下沥青混合料的低温抗裂性进行研究,并引入应变能密度值对混合料的低温抗裂性进行综合评价.试验结果表明:橡胶颗粒沥青混合料试件的破坏微应变均超过2 300,满足冬寒区的技术指标;无论是否掺加橡胶颗粒,随着温度的下降,沥青混合料破坏时的最大弯拉强度增大,弯拉应变降低,劲度模量增大;弯曲应变能密度在胶粒掺量为1%左右时具有较大的弯曲应变能密度值,此时橡胶颗粒沥青混合料具有较好的低温抗裂性.     

A computer generator for randomly layered structures

AcomputergeneratorforrandomlylayeredstructuresYUJia shun1,2,HEZhen hua2(1.TheInstituteofGeologicalandNuclearSciences,NewZealand;2.StateKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasReservoirGeologyandExploitation,ChengduUniversityofTechnology,China)Abstract:Analgorithmisintrod…     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

Quantitative trait loci （QTLs） for quality traits related to protein and starch in wheat

Quality traits in wheat （Triticum aestirum L.） were studied by quantitative trait locus （QTL） analysis in a recombinant inbred line （RIL） population, a set of 131 lines derived from Chuan 35050 × Shannong 483 cross （ChSh）. Grains from RILs were assayed for 21 quality traits related to protein and starch. A total of 35 putative QTLs for 19 traits with a single QTL explaining 7.99-40.52% of phenotypic variations were detected on 10 chromosomes, 1D, 2A, 2D, 3B, 3D, 5A, 6A, 6B, 6D, and 7B. The additive effects of 30 QTLs were positive, contributed by Chuan 35050, the remaining 5 QTLs were negative with the additive effect contributed by Shannong 483. For protein traits, 15 QTLs were obtained and most of them were located on chromosomes 1 D, 3B and 6D, while 20 QTLs for starch traits were detected and most of them were located on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B. Only 7 QTLs for protein and starch traits were co-located in three regions on chromosomes 1D, 2A and 2D. These protein and starch trait QTLs showed a distinct distribution pattern in certain regions and chromosomes. Twenty-two QTLs were clustered in 6 regions of 5 chromosomes. Two QTL clusters for protein traits were located on chromosomes 1D and 3B, respectively, three clusters for starch traits on chromosomes 3D, 6B and 7B, and one cluster including protein and starch traits on chromosome 1D.