基于导数荧光光谱的活体海藻识别方法研究

用特征光激发低浓度海藻。海藻发出的荧光光谱是海藻色素成分荧光发射的叠加。根据光谱分析理论，用特征激发波长激发出的荧光发射光谱取二阶导数，二阶导数极小值的位置可能与色素成分的荧光峰值相对应。对激发波长为440nm的荧光发射光谱进行二阶导数分析，得到绿藻门的扁藻、小球藻、盐藻在荧光波长674～690nm之间只有一个极小值点，硅藻门的角毛藻、小新月藻有两个极小值点，根据这个特点可以区分含叶绿素b和叶绿素c的海藻。     

水分胁迫对钝顶螺旋藻光合色素和生长的影响

用高效液相色谱和光谱研究了水分胁迫下钝顶螺旋藻的色素变化及复水后的生长状况。结果表明：藻蓝蛋白对水分胁迫最敏感．其次为叶绿索a和类胡萝卜素;水分胁迫下叶绿素a含量下降,而类胡萝卜素含量无明显变化．导致类胡萝卜素与叶绿素a的比值升高;复水后藻蓝蛋白的吸收波段随失水状况呈下降趋势,其荧光发射峰由656nm蓝移至644nm;失水率为90％以下的藻复水后均能逐渐恢复到正常的生长状态;螺旋藻的水分临界值有可能介于70％～80％．     

嗜热蓝藻鞭枝藻藻胆体的分离及其光谱特性的研究

从嗜热蓝藻鞭枝藻（Ｍａｓｔｉｇｏｃｌａｄｕｓｌａｍｉｎｏｓｕｓ）中分离出藻胆体，并对其光谱特性进行了研究．完整藻胆体的室温荧光峰位于６７３ｕｍ，７７Ｋ荧光发射光谱中只有一个峰，位于６８５ｕｍ，解离的藻胆体的７７Ｋ荧光峰位于６８３ｎｍ，并在６６６ｎｍ和６５０ｎｍ处形成小的荧光发射峰．严重解离的藻胆体室温荧光峰位于６４５ｕｍ，７７Ｋ荧光峰位于６４４ｕｍ，６８３ｕｍ荧光显著下降，成为小峰．完整藻胆体与解离的及严重解离的藻胆体的吸收光谱没有显著差别，吸收峰位于６２２ｕｍ，在５８０ｕｍ处有一吸收肩．     

Co、Ni、Cu、Zn离子对蓝藻藻胆体光谱影响研究

应用吸收光谱和荧光光谱的方法研究了Ｃｏ（Ⅱ）、Ｎｉ（Ⅱ）、Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）和Ｚｎ（Ⅱ）４种重金属离子对螺旋藻及其藻胆体—类囊体膜的作用．４种金属离子可降低藻胆体在６２４ｎｍ的特征光吸收峰，并使藻胆体—类囊体膜的发射荧光峰下降、蓝移，使Ｆｐ／Ｆｃ（藻胆与叶绿素荧光比值）升高．这些结果表明，藻胆体是重金属离子作用的重要位点这一．在四种重金属中，Ｃｕ（Ⅱ）的作用最强．     

Se(IV)与藻蓝蛋白相互作用的谱学研究

用吸收、荧光、红外等谱学方法研究了藻蓝蛋白(PC)与Se(IV)的相互作用.结果表明,SeO2-3加入后,藻蓝蛋白在620nm处的特征光吸收减弱,并随Se(IV)浓度和时间的增加而降低,而278和347nm处的光吸收增强;荧光发射和荧光激发也逐渐减弱,而599和629nm处的2个激发峰的相对强度与对照相反.PC在475和662nm处分别出现共振散射峰.Se(IV)与PC的作用后,在595nm处出现强的共振散射峰,被指认为液相纳米硒粒子与PC生成的缀合物的共振散射峰.红外光谱图中,PC的酰胺I带为1653 2cm-1,为α螺旋,而PC-Se(0)生物缀合物的酰胺I带为1647 0cm-1,属无规则卷曲.     

极大螺旋藻藻蓝蛋白性质的研究

用凝胶电泳、吸收光谱、荧光光谱、示差扫描量热计（ＤＳＣ）和循环伏安法研究了极大螺旋藻（Ｓｐｉｒｕｌｉｎａｍａｘｉｍａ）藻蓝蛋白的性质，结果表明：该蛋白由大小两个亚基组成，分子量分别为１９ＫＤ和１７ＫＤ。吸收光谱显示，该蛋白在３４８ｎｍ和６２０ｎｍ有吸收峰。其荧光发射峰位于６４６ｎｍ。该蛋白的热变性温度范围在４０℃～５４℃附近。该蛋白的循环伏安扫描曲线显示，当扫描速度为０．１Ｖ／ｓｅｃ时，有一个明显的氧化峰。当扫描速度大于０．２Ｖ／ｓｅｃ时，呈现两个氧化和两个还原峰     

发菜中红色蛋白的研究

研究发菜中一种红色蛋白(Rx)的分离纯化及其光谱学性质.采用超声法破碎发菜细胞,盐析法初步纯化藻胆蛋白,利用DEAE-DE52交换介质得到藻胆蛋白纯品;测定室温和低温(液氮)下的荧光激发光谱和发射光谱.Rx的吸收峰在520 nm,室温与低温下的荧光发射峰分别在625和630 nm,室温与低温下的荧光激发峰分别在615和610 nm,室温下,Rx在藻胆体中的荧光上升时间和荧光寿命分别为495和2 200 ps.结果表明,Rx既可以把它吸收的光能传递给藻蓝蛋白(PC),再经由PC传递给别藻蓝蛋白(APC),又可以直接将能量传递给APC.     

Se(Ⅳ)与藻蓝蛋白相互作用的谱学研究

用吸收、荧光、红外等谱学方法研究了藻蓝蛋白（PC）与Se（Ⅳ）的相互作用．结果表明,SeO3^2-加入后,藻蓝蛋白在620nm处的特征光吸收减弱,并随Se（Ⅳ）浓度和时间的增加而降低,而278和347nm处的光吸收增强;荧光发射和荧光激发也逐渐减弱,而599和629nm处的2个激发峰的相对强度与对照相反．PC在475和662nm处分别出现共振散射峰．Se（Ⅳ）与PC的作用后,在595nm处出现强的共振散射峰,被指认为液相纳米硒粒子与PC生成的缀合物的共振散射峰．红外光谱图中,PC的酰胺Ⅰ带为1653．2cm^-1,为α螺旋,而PC—Se（0）生物缀合物的酰胺Ⅰ带为1647．0cm^-1,属无规则卷曲。     

WLED用铕激活正硅酸锶荧光体的光谱性质与晶相的关系

采用喷雾热解两步法、高温固相法分别制备了纯相的α’-Sr2SiO4:Eu2 和β-Sr2SiO4:Eu2 荧光体.利用高斯函数拟合,首次确定了每个物相荧光发射谱的具体峰位,即α’-Sr2SiO4:Eu2 的发射峰为489.1 nm/555.1 nm,β-Sr2SiO4:Eu2 的发射峰位为468.8 nm/539.7 nm/593.2 nm.发现β-Sr2SiO4:Eu2 中存在两个反常的发射峰,一个峰位随激发波长的变化而在局部出现振荡,另一个对于β-Sr2SiO4:Eu2 晶格而言是一个额外的发射峰.对于前者我们提出了一个简化的能级图来说明,后者我们确定其为磷光.解析物相与荧光光谱的对应关系,对于荧光体的改进和发光学理论研究都具有重要意义.     

几种芴基衍生物荧光性质的初步研究

以芴为原料合成了芴酮,芴醇,2,7-二溴基芴,2,7-二溴基芴酮,2,7-二溴基芴醇,二茂铁甲酸芴酯等芴基衍生物.测定了所合成芴基衍生物的荧光光谱,并讨论了结构对荧光光谱的影响.结果表明,共轭结构对荧光光谱的峰形影响很大;溴代略微影响光谱峰形,同时使特征峰轻微红移,强度略有下降,而不同发射波长峰的强度则发生无规律性变化,表明其他基团(如羟基)与溴代基团对化合物荧光光谱产生协同效应.     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the