硫化铜矿物电子结构的第一性原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的平面波赝势方法,计算黄铜矿、辉铜矿、铜蓝、斑铜矿的电子结构性质,并讨论硫化铜矿物电子结构与其可浮性之间的关系.利用费米能级讨论不同硫化铜矿物参与化学反应的活性位置及其与黄药作用生成不同产物的原因.计算结果表明:黄铜矿禁带宽度为0.99 eV,属于直接带隙p型半导体,而辉铜矿、铜蓝、斑铜矿则为导体.前线轨道计算结果能够很好地解释4种硫化铜矿物氧化性差异.为进一步认清硫化铜矿物可浮性的差异及硫化铜矿物新药剂开发提供理论参考.     

细菌作用下斑铜矿表面物理化学性质变化

采用相同培养基培养的嗜热硫氧化硫杆菌(Sulfobacillus thermosulfidooxidans,S.t菌)和氧化亚铁钩端螺旋菌(Leptospirillum ferrooxidans,L.f菌)浸出斑铜矿,通过接触角和Zeta电位测定,分析其吸附之后斑铜矿表面物理化学性质的变化,主要包括表面润湿性和表面电性的变化,并对比分析2种细菌对斑铜矿表面物理化学性质改变的异同。研究结果表明:单独9K培养基对于斑铜矿表面润湿性无明显影响,在2种细菌作用下,由于在浸出过程中斑铜矿表面亲水铜硫化合物和硫酸盐的产生导致斑铜矿表面接触角持续减小;斑铜矿和细菌的Zeta电位随溶液p H的升高而逐渐下降,斑铜矿Zeta电位和等电点分别朝细菌的Zeta电位和等电点方向偏移,表面细菌在斑铜矿表面发生了特性吸附;混合菌作用下斑铜矿Zeta电位和等电点正好介于2种细菌的动电位和等电点之间,说明2种细菌均能同时有效吸附于斑铜矿表面。     

紫金山铜矿浸出过程黄铁矿的氧化行为

针对紫金山铜矿堆浸过程中,在辉铜矿和铜蓝等有用矿物浸出的同时,有黄铁矿被大量浸出,造成浸出液中Fe3 浓度过高的现状,研究了细菌浸出黄铁矿的氧化行为和机理,重点考察了Fe3 的化学氧化以及细菌浸出黄铁矿过程的影响因素.研究结果表明,在有菌条件下,pH值为1.6时,混合矿浸出初期,黄铁矿的浸出率仅为5%～8%;随着浸出时间的增加,氧化还原电位升高,浸出15d后,氧化还原电位上升到500mV以上时,黄铁矿的浸出率可达25%.说明氧化还原电位是细菌浸出黄铁矿过程的重要影响因素.机理研究表明,细菌浸出黄铁矿是以间接反应为主,细菌在黄铁矿表面的吸附对黄铁矿的浸出具有协同作用.     

硫化铜矿石的无捕收剂浮选(英文)

在本研究中硫化铜矿石无捕收剂浮选取得了与加捕收剂浮选相同的选别指标,含铜1.88%的浸染铜矿无捕收剂浮选小型闭路试验,获得品位26.15%,回收率95.3%的铜精矿。研究结果表明,无捕收剂浮选中,黄铜矿的浮选速率比黄铁矿高,对铜-硫矿石的优先浮选有利;氧化还原电位较高的矿浆中容易实现硫化铜矿石的无捕收剂浮选;黄铜矿在酸性或碱性矿浆中的可浮性都比在自然pH状态下好;用石灰调浆能获得硫化铜矿浮选所需的pH值和稳定、适宜的氧化还原电位,对黄铁矿又有较好的抑制作用;加入硫化钠时,矿浆的氧化还原电位相应降低,但当充空气浮选时,随即上升为较高的氧化还原电位,适合于无捕收剂浮选,本研究不用硫化钠处理,也能实现硫化铜矿石无捕收剂浮选。     

含钴矿石摇瓶生物浸出比较试验的研究

对含钴矿石进行了工艺矿物学研究,明确了该含钴矿石的主要化学成分、粒度分布、矿物组成与嵌布特征.研究表明,硫化矿物主要为硫铜钴矿、黄铜矿、斑铜矿、辉铜矿、铜蓝、黄铁矿等.硫铜钴矿大多数以单体形式赋存,还有一部分为连生体.该含钴矿石含钴163%,铜105%,铁124%,硫1500%.用实验室驯化培养的具有良好抗钴性能的ZY101菌种对此含钴矿石进行摇瓶浸出实验研究,浸出结果表明:利用优良菌种浸出,钴浸出率达8571%.对比生物法与非生物的高铁溶液浸出,生物法钴浸出率提高6326%,耐钴ZY101浸矿菌浸钴效果显著.     

细菌-矿物接触/非接触模式下黄铜矿浸出溶解行为

研究细菌-矿物接触模式及利用透析袋将细菌和矿物隔离的非接触模式下嗜酸氧化亚铁硫杆菌对黄铜矿浸出溶解的影响,并对黄铜矿浸出过程表面钝化的原因进行分析。研究结果表明:在细菌-矿物接触模式下,黄铜矿的浸出行为包括细菌对黄铜矿表面硫的催化氧化及细菌氧化Fe2+生成的Fe3+对黄铜矿在于氧化溶解;在细菌-矿物非接触模式下,黄铜矿主要通过细菌氧化Fe2+生成的Fe3+氧化浸出;浸出体系电位是影响黄铜矿浸出速率的主要因素,且较高的电位更有利于黄铜矿的浸出。比较细菌-矿物接触模式和细菌-矿物非接触模式,细菌-矿物接触模式比非接触模式更有利于提高浸出体系电位及氧化消除黄铜矿表面生成的硫膜,因而促进了黄铜矿的浸出;易于在较高电位下生成的黄钾铁矾沉淀是导致这2种模式下黄铜矿表面钝化的主要原因。     

氧化亚铁硫杆菌对黄铜矿表面性质及其浸出的影响

通过测定吸附量、Zeta电位和接触角,并通过对原子力显微镜表面进行表征及摇瓶浸出试验考察不同能源(Fe2+、单质硫和黄铜矿)培养的氧化亚铁硫杆菌A.ferrooxidans对黄铜矿表面性质的影响及其与黄铜矿浸出的关系。研究结果表明:不同能源培养的A.ferrooxidans菌对黄铜矿表面性质的影响规律相似;A.ferrooxidans菌均能快速吸附在黄铜矿表面,而矿驯化的A.ferrooxidans菌在矿表面的附着能力更强;细菌的吸附使黄铜矿的等电点朝细菌的等电点方向偏移,且由于在黄铜矿表面生成了硫膜和不稳定铜硫化物使得黄铜矿表面接触角增大,疏水性增强;在浸矿初期,细菌与黄铜矿作用以直接作用机理为主。     

中等嗜热菌浸出黄铜矿及其表面钝化的研究

针对近年来原生硫化铜矿的生物浸出存在浸出周期长、铜浸出率低、还未得到工业应用等问题,对菌种进行分离,应用分子生物学方法并结合扫描电镜,研究中等嗜热菌生物浸出黄铜矿纯矿物,对细菌的形态、生理生化特征进行描述,并分析细菌与黄铜矿的作用机理,讨论黄铜矿生物浸出过程中钝化膜形成的主要类型,分析表面钝化的有效解决途径,归纳黄铜矿生物浸出技术的几类研究热点,并提出生物浸出技术的重点研究问题。研究结果表明:中等嗜热菌是解决黄铜矿生物浸出难题的有效途径之一。     

福建某低品位铜钼矿工艺矿物学研究

采用化学分析、扫描电镜、MLA分析仪等方法对福建某铜钼矿进行工艺矿物学性质研究. 结果表明：该矿石中铜含量为0.20%,钼含量为0.0296%,二者主要以硫化物形式存在,属于低品位铜钼硫化矿;矿石中铜矿物主要以黄铜矿形式存在,钼矿物主要以辉钼矿的形式存在,二者的嵌布粒度较细,且与脉石矿物共生密切.     

从江地虎铜多金属矿床矿物特征初步研究

通过矿相学、岩石学、矿物学等方法对地虎铜多金属矿床的主要矿石矿物特征、黄铜矿与黝铜矿典型剖面产出特征等进行探讨。得出地虎铜多金属矿床矿石矿物主要为黄铜矿、黝铜矿、方铅矿、闪锌矿等,脉石矿物主要为石英、绿泥石、绢云母、白云母、黄铁矿、方解石、磁铁矿、褐铁矿等。     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

On the Thermodynamic Limit for Responses to Static Electromagnetic Fields

For molecular systems,the quantum-mechanical treatment of their responses to static electromagnetic fields usually employs a scalar-potential treatment of the electric field and a vector-potential treatment of the magnetic field.Although the potential for each field separately is associated with the choice of an(unphysical)origin,the precise choice of the origin for the electrostatic field has little consequences for the results.This is different for the     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with     

Journal of Donghua University ( English Edition) Contents of Volume 31

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