Die Verstärkung der pressorischen Vasopressin-Reaktion durch 2-Mercaptoäthylguanidin bei der Ratte

Summary 2-mercaptoethylguanidin enhances the blood pressure responses to small doses of vasopressine in the rat. This potentiation is statistically significant. The increase of the vasopressine reaction after 2-mercaptoethylguanidin is not due to an indirect effect of vasopressine on the cardiovascular system.

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Herrn Professor Z. M.Bacq danken wir für seine wertvollen Hinweise.     

Die Reversibilität der Wirkung von Digitoxin,Strophanthidin und Strophanthidin-3-bromazetat am Papillarmuskel und einer mikrosomalen Na+-K+-aktivierbaren ATPase des Meerschweinchens

Summary The reversibility of the inhibitory action of strophanthidin, strophanthidin-3-bromoacetate, and digitoxin on the Na⁺-K⁺-ATPase activity (microsomal fraction, guinea-pig brain) was compared with the rate of decline of their positive inotropic effects (papillary muscle, guinea-pig heart) after exposure to drug-free solution. The actions of strophanthidin and digitoxin were easily reduced on both systems. Strophanthidin-3-bromoacetate, however, was found to have an irreversible blocking effect on the transport ATPase, whereas its inotropic action could be rapidly abolished.

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Teilergebnisse der Dissertation von U.Fricke, Mainz.     

Beeinflussung der Gerinnungswirkung von Heparin durch Serotonin und Tryptamin

Summary Investigations in the cofactor-fibrinogen system have shown that serotonin and tryptamine, although only in relatively high doses, reduce the antithrombin time prolonged by the action of heparin. Histamine has no such effect on the action of heparin, nor have tyramine and isoamylamine.

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Für wertvolle Ratschläge im Verlaufe der Untersuchungen sind wir den Herren Dr.R. Marbet, Dr.André Studer und PD Dr.A. Winterstein, Wissenschaftliche Laboratorien der F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co. AG. in Basel zu Dank verpflichtet.     

Die Abhängigkeit der Magnesium-‘aktivierten Inosin’ Triphosphatase-Aktivität des Aktomyosins von der Ionenstärke

Summary The ionic strength dependence of the magnesium-activated actomyosin ITPase activity (of heart and skeletal muscle) is distinctly different from that of the magnesium-activated ATPase activity. The former is inhibited by lowering the ionic strength below 0.1 , an effect which can be attributed to an ionic strength dependent inhibitory action of tropomyosin B.

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Herrn Prof. Dr.J. C. Rüegg danke ich für viele wertvolle Diskussionen und das kritische Durchlesen des Manuskriptes. Ebenso bin ich Herrn Dr.M. C. Schaub für viele hilfreiche Diskussionen und die Mitteilung unveröffentlichter Resultate zu Dank verpflichtet. FräuleinL. Mintert und meine FrauGeraldine möchte ich auf Grund der ausgezeichneten technischen Assitenz lobend hervorheben.     

Synthese und biologische Aktivität bradykininwirksamer Undeca-, Dodeca- und Tridecapeptide

Summary Several undeca-, dodeca- and tridecapeptides, analogues of the naturally occurring methionyllysyl-bradykinin, have been synthesized. The biological activities of the new compounds on the isolated rat uterus, guinea-pig ileum and rabbit blood pressure are presented.

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über Peptidsynthesen XXXIV. 7. Mitt. über Bradykinin- und Kallidin-Analoga. XXV. Mitt. über Peptidsynthesen, 6. Mitt. über Bradykinin- und Kallidin-Analoga:E. Schr?der, H.-S. Petras undE. Klieger, Liebigs Ann.679, 221 (1964).     

Zur Feinstruktur früher Veränderungen an Rattenhirngewebe nach Injektion von Methylnitrosoharnstoff

Summary Focal proliferations of adventitial cells of small blood vessels in the rat brain were found within 6 weeks after i.p. injection of methyl-nitroso-urea. The results of electron microscopic examination suggest the preneoplastic nature of the changes.

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FrauK. Wiegand danken wir für wertvolle technische Mitarbeit.     

Regulierung des Wasserhaushaltes bei der Hämodialyse (Kompensation und Überkompensation des kolloidosmotischen Druckes des Blutes durch Verwendung polyelektrolythaltiger Dialysierlösungen bei der künstlichen Niere

Summary Addition of polyelectrolytes, in particular of the sodium salt of carboxymethylcellulose, makes it possible to obtain for the use in artificial kidneys dialyzing liquids which are in thermodynamic equilibrium with blood, both with respect to salts and water, or which even permit removal of water from the blood, as well as urea and related substances (the dialyzing liquid being at will hypertonic with respect to blood), the salt content of blood remaining in all these cases unaffected. These dialyzing liquids might be particularly useful for cases combined with oedema.

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Vorgetragen am Kongress der «3^o riunioni medico chirurgiche internazionali», Turin 1957; erste Mitteilung hierüber im VortragvonW. Kuhn am Staffmeeting des Bürgerspitals Basel am 2. Februar 1955.     

Phosphatidyl-N-(2 hydroxyethyl)-alanine synthesis of distearoyl L-α-glycerylphosphoryl-N-(2 hydroxyethyl)-alanine

Zusammenfassung Die erste Synthese eines Phosphatidyl-N-(2 hydroxyethyl)-alanins wird beschrieben.

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Dedicated to Professor Dr.Erich Baer in honour of his 70th birthday.

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The nomenclature used in this communication is that used byFischer andBaer for well-nigh 4 decades. However, according to the rules of IUPAC-IUB commission this should be 1,2-distearoylsn-glycero-3-phosphoryl-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-alanine.

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The authors thank the National Institute of Health (USA) and the Medical Research Council (Canada) for making the grants available to ProfessorE. Baer, which made this work possible.

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The authors thank Dr.J. von Euw and Professor Dr.T. Reichstein of the University of Basel (Switzerland) for kindly providing the rotation. As the optical purity is a very important criterion of the activity of the phospholipids; this has been determined on the Schmid and Heansch polarimeter (visual) as well as on the Perkin Elmer polarimeter (photoelectric) with excellent agreement.     

Zur Pathogenese des Urämiesyndroms. Brenztraubensäure,Acetoin und 2,3-Butylenglykol in Blut von Patienten mit Nieren- und Leberkrankheiten

Summary Acetoin and 2, 3-butylene glycol in blood of renal and hepatic patients are raised, when consciousness is disturbed. There is no correlation between blood levels of acetoin and 2, 3-butylene glycol and the degree of impairment of consciousness. Simultaneous determinations of acetoin and 2, 3-butylene glycol in blood and cerebrospinal fluid show that alterations of the cerebral pyruvic acid metabolism are difficult to detect in circulating blood.

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Mit Unterstützung des «Schweizerischen Nationalfonds» und der Firma F. Hoffmann-La Roche & Co., AG, Basel.

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5. Mitteilung. — 1. Mitt.:H. Thölen, F. Bigler undH. Staub, Path. Microbiol.24, 262 (1961). — 2. Mitt.:F. Bigler, H. Thölen undH. Staub, Helv. physiol. Acta19, C11 (1961). — 3. Mitt.:H. Thölen, F. Bigler undH. Staub, Exper.17, 359 (1961). — 4. Mitt.:F. Bigler, H. Thölen undH. Staub, Schweiz. med. Wschr.91, 1259 (1961).     

Heilmittelchemische Studien mit Dien-Additionsprodukten V: Über die coronardilatierenden Eigenschaften einer neuen Klasse von Aminen

Summary The addition productsof 2 M N-alkyl substituted maleinimides with 1M asymmetric diphenylethylen and some of its substitution products were reduced with LiAlH₄ to give amines of the structure V. These substances produce coronary dilation on the isolated guinea-pig heart perfused according to the method of Langendorff, a few of them being more active than papaverin. On the barbiturate anaesthetized dog, however, the activity was much less than that of papaverin after intraarterial injection and was entirely absent on intravenous application. High doses caused lowering of the blood pressure. The limited value of the Langendorff heart preparation for screening coronary dilators is emphasized.

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IV. Mitteilung: I.Molnar, Helv. Chim Acta49, 586 (1966).     

Evolution du métabolisme des lécithines dans la membrane érythrocytaire au cours de la conservation du sang

Summary Incorporation of linoleic acid¹⁴C by human erythrocyte membranes at different stades of blood conservation was studied for evaluating the metabolic state of these membranes. The incorporation was found to increase during the first two weeks of conservation for female and male blood, with important individual variation. However, this increase was more important for male blood. Then the incorporation decreased until the end of experimentation, after 6 weeks of conservation.

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Chercheur du Centre de Transfusion Sanguine de Lyon, Service du DrA. Jouvenceaux.     

Etude histochimique de l'action de l'acide acétylsalicylique sur les pseudo-cholinestérases du cerveau du rat

Summary Using an injectable solution of acetyl salicylate lysine salt it was shown that aspirine has an action on the pseudocholinesterases in the brain vessels of the rat. This could help to explain the activity of aspirine in case of platelets aggregation.

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Nous désirons exprimer notre gratitude à Monsieur et MadameJ. P. Rousseau, de l'Institut National de Recherche agronomique qui ont bien voulu nous faire profiter de leur expérience de la technique deKoelle etFriedenwald ³ pour la mise en évidence des cholinestérases.     

Der qualitative und quantitative Nachweis der «fixen Luft» (1756), ein Wendepunkt in der Geschichte der Chemie und Biologie

Summary Reference is made to a treatise published in 1756 byJoseph Black (1728–1799), which was the first work to contain conclusive evidence of a gas bound to solid bodies; and in this connection the historical significance of the earliest studies on carbon dioxide is emphasised. Attention is drawn in particular to a subject about which little has hitherto been known,i.e., the use whichBlack and his contemporaries (notablyDavid Macbride) made of this discovery by applying it to animal and human physiology.

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Eine ausführlichere Würdigung dieses geschichtlichen Sachverhalts erscheint in Gesnerus (Schweiz)1956, Heft 3/4.     

Sur l'inversion de l'action hypertensive de la prostaglandine F2α, chez le rat

Summary In normal rats, prostaglandin F₂ is a potent vasoconstrictor. The corresponding systemic hypertension is progressively attenuated by tachyphylaxis, revealing a longlasting fall of blood pressure. Tachyphylaxis is accelerated by previous injection of arachidonic acid and bradykinin. The vasodepressive activity of PGF₂ is inhibited by indomethacin.

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Nous remercions vivement le docteurPike (Upjohn, Kalamazoo) qui nous a fourni gracieusement ces prostaglandines.     

Einfluss von Dichlorisoproterenol (DCI) auf die Infusionstoxizität einiger Herzglykoside

Summary In experiments of infusion made on guineapigs, Dichlorisoproterenol was injected after the appearance of the first symptoms of toxicity in the ECG. It reduced the toxicity of convallatoxol, g-strophanthin and lanatosid C, but it was not quite effective against digoxin and digitoxin.

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Über einen Teil der Befunde wurde auf dem 2. Internationalen Pharmakologenkongress in Prag berichtet (Förster undSziegoleit).     

Voacanga-Alkaloide IV. Struktur von Voacryptin und Voacristin

Summary Voacryptine is demonstrated to be 20-oxovoacangine. On reduction, it furnishes voacristine (20-hydroxyvoacangine) and 20-epi-voacristine.

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3. Mitt.U. Renner undD. A. Prins, Exper.15, 456 (1959).     

Antibody against purified viper neurotoxin

Résumé L'anticorps contre la neurotoxine du venin deVipera palestinae est obtenu chez des lapins par immunisation de la neurotoxine purifiée liée à la cellulose carbométhylique.

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This work is part of a thesis submitted byN. Shaham to the

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This work is part of a thesis submitted byN. Shaham to the

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This work is part of a thesis submitted byN. Shaham to the

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This work is part of a thesis submitted byN. Shaham to the

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This work is part of a thesis submitted byN. Shaham to the     

Das Na-Transportsystem während der Erregungsprozesse am Ranvier-Knoten isolierter markhaltiger Nervenfasern

Summary (1) An attempt is made to interpret the action potential of medullated nerve fibres of the frog in terms of permeability changes to Na ions.(2) In keeping with a suggestion byHodgkin andHuxley, the following assumptions are made: (a) a carrier system is responsible for transporting Na ions across the nodal membrane; (b) in a resting fibre (high membrane potential) its transport capacity is small; (c) depolarization has a dual effect on the transport system, namely activation of carrier groups as a quick reaction and inactivation of the whole system as a slower reaction.(3) The following experimental observations are interpreted on the ground of these assumptions: threshold for depolarization, threshold for repolarization, absolute and relative refractory period, alteration of the action potential on application of a hypertonic (5%) NaCl solution.

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Eine vorläufige Mitteilung erfolgte auf der Tagung des Schweiz. Vereins für Physiologie usw. in Fribourg 1956. Helv. physiol. Acta14, C35–36 (1956).     

Rates of ethiodide formation and the stereochemistry of ajmaline at C-21

Résumé Les auteurs ont mesuré les vitesses de réaction entre l'ajmaline plus dérivés et l'iodure d'éthyle. Les conclusions stéréochimiques deTaylor au C-21 en ont été confirmées.

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For previous papers on rates of quaternary iodide formation of alkaloids see (a)M. Shamma and J. B. Moss, J. Amer. chem. Soc.83, 5038 (1961) and (b)M. Shamma andE. F. Walker Jr., Chem. & Ind.1962, 1866.

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Acknowledgments. The authors wish to thank Dr.W. I. Taylor of CIBA Pharmaceutical Company for the generous gift of the compounds used in this study, and the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. GM-10608-01) for financial assistance.     

Etude comparée de la composition en oses et en amino-acides de la transferrine et de la lactotransferrine humaines

Summary A comparative study of human lactotransferrin and transferrin has been made with respect to sugar and amino acid composition. The authors conclude that there are significant differences between both types of glycoproteids, which confirm the specificity of lactotransferrin previously demonstrated by physico-chemical and immunological analysis.

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Ce travail a été réalisé grace à une subvention de la Délégation Générale à la Recherche Scientifique et Technique (Contrat 61-FR-170) à laquelle nous adressons nos plus vifs remerciements.

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Avec la collaboration technique de MM.F. Decamps etG. Decroix.

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Avec la collaboration technique de MadameM. P. Louchez et de MesdemoisellesR. Carpentier etM. T. Picque.