电脉冲对P510L钢的影响

用不同的脉冲电流对P510L钢进行了孕育处理,研究了不同的电脉冲参数对其宏观组织和微观组织的影响.结果表明,将处理过的钢液在空气中冷却,晶粒明显得到了细化、枝晶大大减少,经过电脉冲处理后的P510L钢的珠光体形态发生了显著的变化,片层间距明显缩短.     

Abnormal austenite-ferrite transformation behavior in pure iron

The austenite → ferrite transformation is themost important reaction route in the manufacture ofFe-based materials. Here the austenite (γ) → ferrite (α)transformation of pure iron was systematically explored byhigh-resolution dilatometry. Abnormal transformation ki-netics, multi-peak discontinuous reaction, was recognized inpure iron according to the variation of the ferrite-formationrate. The occurrence the one or the other type of γ→∝ trans-formation strongly depends on the grain size: the transfor-mation type changes from abnormal to normal (single-peakcontinuous reaction) with decreasing grain size. The inherentreason for the occurrence of abnormal transformation couldbe attributed to the repeated nucleation in front of the mov-ing γ/α interface induced by the accumulation of elastic andplastic accommodation energy.     

Kinetics of bainite-to-austenite transformation during continuous reheating in low carbon microalloyed steel

A dilatometer was used to study the kinetics of bainite-to-austenite transformation in low carbon microalloyed steel with the initial microstructure of bainite during the continuous reheating process. The bainite-to-austenite transformation was observed to take place in two steps at low heating rate. The first step is the dissolution of bainite, and the second one is the remaining bainite-to-austenite transformation controlled by a dissolution process. The calculation result of the kinetics of austenite formation shows that the two steps occur by diffusion at low heating rate. However, at high heating rate the bainite-to-austenite transformation occurs in a single step, and the process is mainly dominated by shear. The growth rate of austenite reaches the maximum at about 835℃ at different heating rates and the growth rate of austenite as a function of temperature increases with the increase in heating rate.     

低碳微合金管线钢过冷奥氏体连续冷却转变

利用膨胀法和差热分析法结合金相-硬度法,在Gleeble-1500热模拟机上测定一种低碳微合金管线钢以不同速度连续冷却时的膨胀曲线,结合DSC曲线和金相组织分析,确定该钢的临界温度及相变温度,获得该钢的连续冷却转变曲线(CCT图),研究该钢连续冷却时的奥氏体转变。研究结果表明:添加0.21%Mo起到抑制铁素体和珠光体作用,促进针状铁素体组织的形成,实验钢在5.0～20.0℃/s的较宽冷却速度范围内连续冷却都能得到需要的针状铁素体组织,表明低碳Mn-Nb-Mo微合金管线钢容易得到管线钢工程所需要的组织。     

KR-BOF-LF-CC生产汽车大梁钢LG510L洁净度的研究

通过氧氮分析、金相分析、大样电解法、扫描电镜及能谱分析等,研究采用KR-BOF-LF-CC工艺生产的汽车大梁钢LG510L的洁净度。结果表明,铸坯中平均T[O]和氮含量分别为29.20×10-6和38.80×10-6;钢中显微夹杂物和大型夹杂物数量都随着各工序的不断进行大体呈递减趋势;钙处理前主要显微夹杂物为Al2O3,经过钙处理后,夹杂物发生变性,主要为CaO-Al2O3;铸坯中大型夹杂物主要是SiO2和硅铝酸盐,来源于脱氧产物及其与耐火材料或炉渣反应的产物。     

温度应力对低碳微合金钢连续冷却过程中相变塑性的影响

通过热模拟单轴载荷拉伸/压缩试验,研究了连续冷却过程中温度应力对低碳微合金钢700L相变塑性和相变动力学的影响。结果表明,在1/2奥氏体屈服强度的应力范围内,700L钢的相变塑性应变与温度应力呈线性关系,对应相变塑性参数k为1.357×10~(-4);整体而言,压应力对700L钢相变塑性的作用效果强于拉应力。连续冷却过程中,外加载荷明显降低了700L钢奥氏体向铁素体转变开始温度,延缓了铁素体相变进程,缩短了相变完成所需时间,并且拉应力作用对700L钢铁素体转变动力学的影响效果更显著。     

Influence of oxide scales on the corrosion behaviors of B510L hot-rolled steel strips

The influence of oxide scales on the corrosion behaviors of B510L hot-rolled steel strips was investigated in this study. Focused ion beams and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe the morphologies of oxide scales on the surface and cross sections of the hot-rolled steel. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction were used for the phase analysis of the oxide scales and corrosion products. The corrosion potential and impedance were measured by anodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. According to the results, oxide scales on the hot-rolled strips mainly comprise iron and iron oxides. The correlation between mass gain and test time follows a power exponential rule in the damp-heat test. The corrosion products are found to be mainly composed of γ-FeOOH, Fe₃O₄, α-FeOOH, and γ-Fe₂O₃. The contents of the corrosion products are different on the surfaces of the steels with and without oxide scales. The steel with oxide scales is found to show a higher corrosion resistance and lower corrosion rate.     

Nb-V复合弹簧钢60Si2CrVAT过冷奥氏体连续冷却转变

利用DIL 805A淬火变形膨胀仪测定了提速列车用Nb-V复合微合金化弹簧钢60Si2CrVAT过冷奥氏体的连续冷却转变曲线,并结合金相-硬度法探讨了不同冷速下实验钢组织的变化,分析了Nb含量对60Si2CrVAT过冷奥氏体的连续冷却转变的影响.结果表明：Nb含量的增加,促进了高温、中温转变,且珠光体转变区间随之变宽,马氏体转变点由284.2℃降低到258.3℃;铁素体消失的冷速由0.3℃.s-1提高到0.5℃.s-1,珠光体消失的冷速由2℃.s-1提高到3℃.s-1,贝氏体消失的冷速也相应地由3℃.s-1提高到5℃.s-1,贝氏体开始出现的冷速由0.4℃.s-1提高到0.6℃.s-1,马氏体出现的冷速同为1℃.s-1.     

控轧控冷工艺参数对B510L钢性能的影响

基于热轧轧机HSMM模型建立了与某钢厂实际热轧生产线相一致的虚拟生产线. 以B510L钢为研究对象,分析了不同加热温度、终轧温度和卷取温度下所能获得的铁素体晶粒尺寸及相应的力学性能,并在此基础上为该钢厂提出了生产6.4mm厚B510L带钢的最佳工艺参数.     

含铌微合金钢的再结晶组织演化模拟

建立了热轧时流变应力、回复、再结晶及析出的物理冶金模型,用于计算轧制时位错密度变化、再结晶形核、再结晶晶粒长大以及粒子析出等. 结果表明,模型对含铌微合金钢在不同的热轧形变条件下模拟结果与实验值符合较好,可以有效预测在不同热轧形变条件下的再结晶体积分数与再结晶晶粒大小. 模型包含基本冶金现象的描述,原则上通过调整材料基本参数,可以运用于不同的钢种.     

含钒汽车大梁钢P510L连续冷却时的组织转变

用MMS-200热力模拟试验机研究了含钒汽车大梁钢P510L在连续冷却条件下的组织演变规律,采用热膨胀法结合金相法建立了P510L的静态CCT曲线和动态CCT曲线,分析了变形条件、冷却速度对P510L显微组织的影响.结果表明:奥氏体低温区的变形促进了铁素体相变和珠光体相变,抑制了贝氏体相变;并且随着冷却速度的增大,铁素体的量减少,贝氏体的量增多.     

CSP微合金高强度钢研究

在热模拟实验机上进行不同变形工艺的试验,研究了不同变形工艺参数对CSP生产线生产的一种微合金高强度钢组织和性能的影响.结果表明,通过优化道次变形量、变形速度、变形温度和冷却速率等工艺参数,可获得微合金高强度钢产品.     

正火过程中V--N微合金化钢的第二相行为

采用物理化学相分析、高分辨透射电镜等手段研究V-N微合金化钢在正火过程中第二相行为,并进行相应的理论计算,讨论该行为对材料性能产生的影响.正火加热保温过程中,V-N钢有约32.9%的V( C,N)未溶解,阻止奥氏体晶粒长大.在正火冷却过程中,未溶解的V( C,N)诱导晶内铁素体形核,细化铁素体晶粒,而溶解的V( C,N)重新析出,起到析出强化作用. V( C,N)析出相行为的变化导致材料力学性能的改变.与热轧态V-N钢相比,正火态V-N钢细晶强化贡献值增加31 MPa,而析出强化贡献值减少45 MPa.     

Ultrafine microstructure in microalloyed steel by a new thermomechnical process

Low carbon microalloyed steel containing 0.062% C, 2.34% Mn,0.044% Nb, 0.029% Ti, 0.032% V in mass fraction and small amount of B was prepared in laboratory. Slabs of the steel were rolled into plates of 6mm in thickness followed by accelerated cooling. The plates possess very high yield strength and reasonable ductility, and the yield ratio is about 0.8. Ultra-fine ferrite structure with micrometer dimension was observed in the surface layer of the plates. Moreover, the effect of the finishing rolling temperature on the final microstructure and formation mechanism of ultra-fine ferrite as well as the γ→α transformation behavior of the steel was discussed.     

预变形方式对微合金钢中贝氏体热稳定性的影响

采用光学金相、硬度测量结合透射电镜观察,研究了经过弯曲或扭转变形的含铌微合金钢在等温受热时的组织稳定性问题. 研究发现:弯曲与扭转变形都可以大幅度提高微合金钢的硬度;在随后的550℃等温受热过程中,弯曲变形区的硬度迅速下降,同时伴随贝氏体向平衡组织的演变;而扭转区在等温过程中的硬度始终高于未变形区,同时钢中贝氏体组织基本得以保持. 扭转应变量越大,硬化效果越强,并且在随后的等温受热过程中能保持这种硬度上的优势. 弯曲与扭转变形均导致贝氏体板条内位错密度显著增加. 弯曲变形区的位错分布不均匀,其中的低位错密度区易于在随后的等温受热过程中演变为平衡组织多边形铁素体的形核核心;而扭转变形区内位错分布均匀,并且在随后的等温受热过程中位错分布不发生显著改变. 这些结果表明,不同的冷变形方式对微合金钢中贝氏体热稳定性的影响存在显著差异.     

Effect of acicular ferrite on banded structures in low-carbon microalloyed steel

The effect of acicular ferrite (AF) on banded structures in low-carbon microalloyed steel with Mn segregation during both isothermal transformation and continuous cooling processes was studied by dilatometry and microscopic observation. With respect to the isothermal transformation process, the specimen isothermed at 550°C consisted of AF in Mn-poor bands and martensite in Mn-rich bands, whereas the specimen isothermed at 450°C exhibited two different morphologies of AF that appeared as bands. At a continuous cooling rate in the range of 4 to 50°C/s, a mixture of AF and martensite formed in both segregated bands, and the volume fraction of martensite in Mn-rich bands was always higher than that in Mn-poor bands. An increased cooling rate resulted in a decrease in the difference of martensite volume fraction between Mn-rich and Mn-poor bands and thereby leaded to less distinct microstructural banding. The results show that Mn segregation and cooling rate strongly affect the formation of AF-containing banded structures. The formation mechanism of microstructural banding was also discussed.     

VN微合金钢中Ti脱氧夹杂物诱导晶内铁素体析出行为

通过热力学计算及热态实验,研究了Ti脱氧VN微合金钢中,含Ti夹杂物析出行为及其诱导晶内铁素体析出行为.结果发现,夹杂物与铁素体、珠光体之间的相对位置关系存在六种形式,通过赋予这些形式不同的诱导能力系数,定量比较夹杂物类型、尺寸与诱导能力的关系.Ti的复合氧化物诱导能力最强,Al2O3最弱.Ti的复合氧化物诱导最佳尺寸4～6μm,其他夹杂物最佳尺寸为2～4μm.通过控制夹杂物种类、尺寸促进晶内铁素体析出,能够细化晶粒.     

Nucleation and three-dimensional morphology of intragranular ferrite in a vanadium microalloyed steel

The formation of intragranular ferrite at inclusions was analyzed by SEM-EDX in a vanadium microalloyed steel with an excess amount of sulfur. The precipitation of MnS at aluminum oxides may result in Mn depletion, which, in turn, promotes the formation of intragranular ferrite. The morphology of intragranular ferrite changed with undercooling. At higher temperatures intragranular ferrite is nearly equiaxed whereas it is plate-like at lower temperatures.     

Modeling of microstructural evolution during dynamic recrystallization in coarse Nb microalloyed austenite

The aim of the current study was to investigate the microstructural evolution during dynamic recrystallization in coarse Nb microalloyed austenite in thin slab direct rolling (TSDR) processing. A model was developed to predict the change of the austenite grain size during the dynamic recrystallization, by using the law of mixtures. The equations initially developed for partial static recrystallization were used for partial dynamic recrystallization, by adjusting the value of the constant. The results show that the change of the austenite grain size can be reasonably described by using the equations developed according to the law of mixtures.     

钙处理对LG510钢夹杂物的影响及热力学分析

在热力学计算的基础上,对某厂钙处理前后的汽车大梁钢LG510进行取样研究,探讨钙处理对汽车大梁钢LG510夹杂物的影响。结果表明,钙处理后钢中Al2O3夹杂物得到有效变性,夹杂物的数量明显减少,夹杂物尺寸也明显减小,夹杂物形状更加规则;钢液相线温度为1873K、钢中w[Al]为0.028%时,钢中w[O]、w[Ca]分别控制在2.8×10-6~11.5×10-6、0.14×10-6~7×10-6范围内,Al2O3夹杂变性效果良好;同时将钢中w[S]控制在0.011%以下,既可生成液态铝酸钙夹杂物,也可减少CaS夹杂生成。