超高碳钢与球铁引入过渡层复合的显微组织研究

对离心铸造超高碳钢与球墨铸铁复合轧辊引入过渡层复合的显微组织和复合机理研究表明:在超高碳钢工作层与中间层之间存在一个通过液态扩散而形成的扩散层,中间层与芯部球铁之间为良好的冶金结合,扩散层组织由珠光体和大量较细小的碳化物组成,而且扩散层具有良好的力学性能·控制好由中间层形成的扩散层是实现超高碳钢与球铁良好结合的关键·     

浸渍硼化物制取陶/炭复合材料的研究

选择以硼化物为成分的浸渍液制取陶／炭复合材料并对浸渍液进行了优选,测定了材料的物理性能对陶瓷层的形态进行了电子探针分析·用此方法处理了电炉炼钢用石墨电极并在钢厂进行了考核·对硼化物浸渍制取陶／炭复合材料的抗氧化机理进行了探讨·研究结果表明,炭材料经优选硼化处理后其氧化起始温度可以提高到１１７７Ｋ,经浸渍后的石墨电极在钢厂应用可使其消耗降低１２％·     

反向凝固过程铜/钢复合界面的研究

界面是复合材料特有的而且是及其重要的组成部分·采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜等手段,分析了反向凝固复合铜/钢界面形态,组织结构和过渡区成分变化,探索反向凝固复合的初结合机制·研究表明,铜/钢反向凝固复合经历液态铜在固态钢表面初始润湿;液态铜的凝固、结晶;Fe,Cu原子互扩散等物理冶金变化过程,从而实现复合界面良好的冶金结合     

浸渍工艺对陶/炭复合材料抗氧化性能的影响

采用不同浸渍工艺制取陶／炭复合材料,研究浸渍量与浸渍时间的关系,常压浸渍、真空浸渍、加压浸渍及真空加压浸渍工艺对陶／炭复合材料抗氧化性能的影响,并对影响抗氧化性能的因素进行分析·研究结果表明:采用真空加压浸渍工艺为最佳工艺,形成的陶瓷量大,陶瓷层厚,可大幅度提高复合材料的抗氧化性能·     

反向凝固薄带坯高温平整轧制的研究

研究了高温平整轧制前后钢带表面平整度及界面结合情况的变化,并进一步探讨了轧制参数对界面结合强度的影响·分析了带坯复合界面的演化机理·结果表明:平整轧制可明显改善钢带表面的平整度,提高界面结合强度;轧制温度、轧制压下量等工艺参数对界面结合有较大影响,而轧制速度影响不大;平整轧制时,反向凝固带坯复合界面发生演化,使界面结合增强,其机理为咬合机制、互扩散机制及固溶作用机制·     

Al_2O_3-Ni网状复合材料的制备及力学性能

以αAl2O3超微粉和羰基Ni粉为原料,采用热压方法制备了Al2O3Ni网状复合材料,并对其三点弯曲强度和断裂韧性进行了研究·结果表明,随Ni体积分数的增加复合材料的强度稍有下降,而断裂韧性明显增加·Ni体积分数为20%时,断裂韧性可达88MPa·m1/2·复合材料对缺陷的敏感性远远小于氧化铝陶瓷,在材料表面引入载荷为100N的维氏硬度压痕后,氧化铝陶瓷的强度下降60%,而Ni体积分数为20%的复合材料强度仅下降19%·     

加热对AZ31B/7075爆炸复合板界面的影响

对镁铝爆炸复合材料AZ31B/7075进行了300~400℃的加热处理。用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、能谱仪及力学性能试验机对复合界面结合区进行了组织观察、成分线扫描、剪切强度测试,分析了复合界面结合区加热时的变化。结果表明:随加热温度升高和保温时间延长,复合界面结合区组织形成再结晶且晶粒长大,爆炸组织特征完全消失,转变为具有一定厚度的由镁、铝互扩散形成的扩散层;扩散层组成按镁基固溶体-铝基固溶体、镁基固溶体-A l3Mg2-铝基固溶体、镁基固溶体-A l3Mg2-A l12Mg17-铝基固溶体的次序演化,其厚度增加主要是金属间化合物层的厚度增加所致;界面剪切强度因加热后扩散层中金属间化合物形成而降低,界面剪切断口也因扩散层中脆性金属间化合物的存在而表现为脆性断裂特征。     

液化MDI型聚氨酯/聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯/改性蒙脱土纳米复合材料的力学性能与形态

将插层纳米复合技术与IPN技术相结合,通过同步插层聚合法制备了PU／PMMA／MMT纳米复合材料,研究了PU／PMMA的组成、BPO的用量、EGDMA的用量、BD系数等因素对PU／PMMA／MMT纳米复合材料力学性能的影响,获得了PU／PMMA／MMT纳米复合材料的最佳的制备条件为：PU／PMMA的组成为55／45、BPO的用量为0．8％、EGDMA的用量为1．8％、BD系数0．85～0．9．在此条件下制备的PU／PMMA／MMT纳米复合材料的100％定伸应力、拉伸强度、撕裂强度分别为14．76MPa、34．26MPa、80．51kN／m,其力学性能显著优于PU、PU／PMMA和PU／MMT．通过XRD、SEM、TEM等研究表明,PU／PMMA／MMT纳米复合材料中蒙脱土以2～30nm的片层均匀分布于聚合物基体中,形成了插层／剥离型纳米复合材料．     

正交叠层板最终拉伸破坏的细观力学研究

基于剪滞理论,研究了在０°方向承受拉伸的复合材料正交叠层板由９０°层的破坏及０°层中部分纤维断裂相互作用所导致的细观应力重新分布．在此基础上,采用随机临界核统计理论,对正交叠层板的最终拉伸破坏进行了细观统计分析．对［０／９０ｎ／０／９０ｎ／０］碳／环氧的计算结果表明,算得的最终拉伸强度能较好地吻合现有的实验结果．     

反向凝固复合不锈钢带及其轧制的实验研究

介绍了用反向凝固的方法生产薄带的工艺过程及目前的实验研究方法,借助金相显微镜分析了轧制温度、轧制速度及变形率对母带与凝固层结合质量的影响,为以后的工业化生产提供依据·并运用拉剪方法测定了界面结合强度·结果表明:热轧温度为１２５０℃,变形率为４０％,轧制速度为０－２～０－４ｍ／ｓ时,界面结合较好,结合强度达２４８ＭＰａ·进一步的热轧、冷轧证明用反向凝固的方法生产薄带是可行的·     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that     

Call for Papers

<正>"The Journal of Shanghai Normal University:Mathematics"is published by Shanghai Normal University as regular issues of The Journal of Shanghai Normal University each year from 2014 in English.The editors-in-chief of the issues are professors Yuhao Cong and Maoan Han.The Journal of Shanghai Normal University was started in 1958 with