杉木合子胚愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生

以杉木成熟及未成熟合子胚为外植体,研究了基本培养基、植物激素、合子胚的发育阶段等因素对杉木愈伤组织的诱导及不定芽分化的影响。结果表明：1／2MS＋2mg／L 2,4-D＋1．0mg／L 6-BA＋1．0mg／L KT＋30g／L蔗糖是成熟合子胚诱导愈伤组织的最佳培养基;处于胚胎选择阶段或者组织与器官分化阶段的幼胚,能诱导出松软、晶莹透明的愈伤组织,诱导频率为2％～6％。成熟阶段的幼胚诱导出的愈伤组织的外观形态与成熟合子胚诱导出的愈伤组织相似,愈伤组织的诱导频率随着合子胚发育的成熟而迅速提高;DCR＋1．5mg／L 6-BA＋1．5mg／L KT＋20g／L蔗糖是诱导不定芽发生的最佳培养基。高约1．5cm的不定芽转入生根培养基,生根率可达100%。     

不同苜蓿栽培品种再生体系的差异性比较

通过对10种不同苜蓿的栽培品种再生体系的比较研究,以及再生条件的优化,筛选出易于再生的费纳尔,金皇后,赛特6号3个苜蓿栽培品种．结果表明：胚性愈伤组织诱导培养基：改良Ms＋2,4-D2mg／L＋6-BA0．5mg／L＋蔗糖3％,胚性愈伤组织诱导率为65％～92％;胚状体诱导培养基：SH＋2,4-D2mg／L＋6-BA0．5mg／L＋LH300mg／L＋蔗糖3％;胚状体诱导率为42．3％～83．4％;胚状体再分化培养基：SH＋GA30．5mg／L＋LH300mg／L＋肌醇60mg／L蔗糖3％;胚状体萌发率为20％～75％;生根培养基：1／2Ms＋NAA0．3～0.5mg／L＋蔗糖2％,生根率为91％,移栽成活率93％．     

冬小麦成熟胚愈伤组织诱导及分化

以4个冬小麦品种的成熟胚为外植体进行离体培养，研究了品种、不同激素组合以及不同预处理等因素对愈伤组织形成及分化的影响．结果表明，代表不同基因型的品种是影响离体培养的重要因素，成熟胚愈伤组织的诱导使用4mg／L的2，4-D浓度较为有利，在MS KT1mg／L 6-BA2mg／L培养基上分化率较高．低温及CaCl2预处理对成熟胚愈伤组织的影响与小麦品种有关．     

外源激素对防风体细胞胚发生和发育的影响

目的探讨生长素和细胞分裂素对防风体细胞胚发生和发育过程的影响。方法组织培养和石蜡切片。结果0．5mg／L2，4-D是诱导胚性愈伤组织最适宜的生长素浓度，0．5mg／LNAA在胚性愈伤组织的长期继代培养中替代0．5mg／L2，4-D可减少畸形胚的发生，NAA浓度降至0．2mg／L时促进体细胞胚的发生和分化；生长素加一定比例的细胞分裂素(6-BA或KT)可有效促进体细胞胚的发生；通过逐步降低生长素和细胞分裂素的浓度，可促进体细胞胚的分化和生长；体细胞胚在无附加激素或附加激素浓度分别低于0．2mg／LNAA和0．5mg／L6-BA的MS培养基上，均能发育成完整的植株。结论一定浓度的生长素是诱导防风胚性愈伤组织的关键因素，细胞分裂素在体细胞胚的发生和发育过程中起协同作用。     

野大麦组织培养及植株再生的研究

以野大麦成熟胚为外植体，接种于MS 2，4-D2．0mg／L KT0．2mg／L NAA0．5mg／L Su3％的培养基中，诱导愈伤组织；然后在培养基MS 2，4-D2．0mg／L KT0．2mg／L NAA1．0mg／L Su3％上进行继代培养，每次继代时间为20天左右；再用MS KT2．0mg／L NAA0．2mg／L Su1．5％进行分化，分化率达80％以上．     

结缕草的组织培养

以辽宁产结缕草种胚为材料，在MS＋100mg／L肌醇＋0．4mg／L VB1 1．0mg／L 2，4—D＋30g／L蔗糖＋0．8％琼脂培养基上暗培养，产生愈伤组织，诱导率为85％．愈伤组织经多次继代培养后可保持分化潜力．光照培养后分化出丛生状叶片，并在培养基MS＋100mg／L肌醇＋0．4mg／L VB1＋30g／L蔗糖＋0．8％琼脂上大量生根，形成再生植株，再生率为80％．平均每个种胚可产生20—30个小植株，再生周期为80d左右。     

早熟蟠桃的胚培养

为克服早熟蟠桃品种胚发育不成熟导致的杂种出苗率低的问题,实验采用胚培养技术挽救杂种胚,以美国红蟠作母本,贵妃红、早露蟠和英勒尔作父本,配置杂交组合,果实商品成熟期采集杂种胚,经过60d的低温层积（层积）处理,灭菌后接种在添加不同浓度激素的—玛培养基上进行胚培养。结果表明：配方MS＋2mg/L6-BA＋1mg／L IBA有利于蟠桃杂种胚芽的生长分化;配方MS＋1mg／L 6-BA＋1mg／L IBA有利于蟠桃杂种胚培苗多丛芽诱导增值生长。     

仙客来种苗球茎胚性愈伤的诱导及体胚的发生

为了建立仙客来稳定的快繁增殖体系,以仙客来种苗为试材,接种于含不同浓度激素组合的I／2MS培养基上,经过初培养和多次继代培养,诱导产生胚性愈伤,结果表明：球茎是较好的诱导胚性愈伤的材料,1／2MS＋6-BA0．2mg／L＋2,4-D2mg／L＋蔗糖30g／L＋琼脂6．5g／L＋肌醇100mg／L＋酪蛋白100mg／L是较好的诱导配方,将胚性愈伤转接到不含激素的1／2MS基本培养基上,诱导产生大量球形胚和鱼雷胚,2—3周后正常成熟的体胚萌发,表明此研究可以为仙客来的快速繁殖提供技术参考．     

鸡蛋花愈伤组织诱导和植株再生的研究

对以鸡蛋花叶片作为外植体进行愈伤组织诱导和植株再生研究,发现MS NAA0．1mg／L 6-BA 1mg／L对愈伤诱导效果最好,出愈率达96％;愈伤组织分化为芽时,MS NAA0．1mg／L 6-BA 2mg／L效果最好,分化率达98％．生根培养基为1／2MS NAA0．1mg／L．     

花叶如意叶愈伤组织的诱导及植株再生

研究花叶如意叶愈伤组织的诱导及分化条件．实验结果表明：诱导愈伤组织的培养基为MS 2,4-D1．0mg／L 6-BA2．0mg／L．在此培养基上,叶片比叶柄更易得到愈伤组织．叶愈伤组织的诱导时间过长易褐化,从而影响分化,其最适时间为20d．诱导愈伤组织分化的培养基为MS NAA0．2mg／L 6-BA2．0mg／L．根分化的培养基为1／2MS NAA0．5mg／L．     

Markedness and its Interpretation in Language Use

Language markedness is a common phenomenon in languages, and is reflected from hearing, vision and sense, i.e. the variation in the three aspects such as phonology, morphology and semantics. This paper focuses on the interpretation of markedness in language use following the three perspectives, i.e. pragmatic interpretation, psychological interpretation and cognitive interpretation, with an aim to define the function of markedness.     

Features of Women's language

Language is a means of verbal communication. People use language to communicate with each other. In the society, no two speakers are exactly alike in the way of speaking. Some differences are due to age, gender, statue and personality. Above all, gender is one of the obvious reasons. The writer of this paper tries to describe the features of women＇s language from these perspectives： pronunciation, intonation, diction, subjects, grammar and discourse. From the discussion of the features of women＇s language, more attention should be paid to language use in social context. What＇s more, the linguistic phenomena in a speaking community can be understood more thoroughly.     

An Analysis of Catherine＇s Character——Wuthering Heights

Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte＇s only novel, was published in December of 1847 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. The book did not gain immediate success, but it is now thought one of the finest novels in the English language. Catherine is the key character of this masterpiece, because everybody and everything center on her though she had a short life. We can understand this masterpiece better if we know Catherine well.     

Lower Paleozoic oil relationships within Williston Basin, Canada

The Williston Basin is a significant petroleum province, containing oil production zones that include the Middle Cambrian to Lower Ordovician, Upper Ordovician, Middle Devonian, Upper Devonian and Mississippian and within the Jurassic and Cretaceous. The oils of the Williston Basin exhibit a wide range of geochemical characteristics defined as "oil families", although the geochemical signature of the Cambrian Deadwood Formation and Lower Ordovician Winnipeg reservoired oils does not match any "oil family". Despite their close stratigraphic proximity, it is evident that the oils of the Lower Palaeozoic within the Williston Basin are distinct. This suggests the presence of a new "oil family" within the Williston Basin. Diagnostic geochemical signatures occur in the gasoline range chromatograms, within saturate fraction gas chromatograms and biomarker fingerprints. However, some of the established criteria and cross-plots that are currently used to segregate oils into distinct genetic families within the basin do not always meet with success, particularly when applied to the Lower Palaeozoic oils of the Deadwood and Winnipeg Formation.     

低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度研究

理论推导与室内实验相结合,建立了低渗透非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度确定方法。首先借助油藏流场与电场相似的原理,推导了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度计算公式。其次基于稳定流实验方法,建立了非均质砂岩油藏启动压力梯度测试方法。结果表明:低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的启动压力梯度确定遵循两个等效原则。平面非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各级渗透率段的启动压力梯度关于长度的加权平均;纵向非均质油藏的启动压力梯度等于各渗透率层的启动压力梯度关于渗透率与渗流面积乘积的加权平均。研究成果可用于有效指导低渗透非均质砂岩油藏的合理井距确定,促进该类油藏的高效开发。     

On Tragic Consciousness In The Works By Ernest Hemingway

As an American modern novelist who were famous in the literary world, Hemingway was not a person who always followed the trend but a sharp observer. At the same time, he was a tragedy maestro, he paid great attention on existence, fate and end-result. The dramatis personae's tragedy of his works was an extreme limit by all means tragedy on the meaning of fearless challenge that failed. The beauty of tragedy was not produced on the destruction of life, but now this kind of value was in the impact activity. They performed for the reader about the tragedy on challenging for the limit and the death.     

Design and analysis of generic LBS application developing platform

Location based services is promising due to its novel working style and contents.A software platform is proposed to provide application programs of typical location based services and support new applications developing efficiently. The analysis shows that this scheme is easy implemented, low cost and adapt to all kinds of mobile nework system.     

Achieving Unusual States of Matter Under High Pressure

正The periodicity of the elements and the non-reactivity of the inner-shell electrons are two related principles of chemistry,rooted in the atomic shell structure.Within compounds,Group I elements,for example,invariably assume the+1 oxidation state,and their chemical properties differ completely from those of the p-block elements.These general rules govern our understanding of chemical structures and reactions.Using first principles calcula-     

Exchange-Correlation and Electronic Excitation Energies from Pairing Matrix Fluctuations

We have developed an adiabatic connection to formulate the ground-state exchange-correlation energy in terms of pairing matrix linear fluctuations.This formulation of the exchange-correlation energy opens a new channel for density functional approximations based on the many-body perturbation theory.We illustrate the potential of such approaches with an approximation based on the particle-particle Random Phase Approximation(pp-RPA).This re-     

Density Functional Theory for the Response of Periodic Systems to Electric Fields Based on the Vector Potential Approach

正The electronic and nuclear(structural/vibrational)response of 1D-3D nanoscale systems to electric fields gives rise to a host of optical,mechanical,spectral,etc.properties that are of high theoretical and applied interest.Due to the computational difficulty of treating such large systems it is convenient to model them as infinite and periodic(at least,in first approximation).The fundamental theoretical/computational problem in doing so is that