超吸水材料交联密度测定及对吸水性能的影响

假设吸水材料和混合溶剂相互作用，其参数Ｘ１与混合溶剂的质量分数Ｃ成正比，即Ｘ１＝Ｋ１Ｃ＋Ｋ２，在此基础上，提出一种新的吸水材料交联密度测定方法，为进一步研究吸水材料提供一个有效的工具。同时，通过研究材料的制备，交联剂用量与交联密度，交联密度与吸水性能之间的关系，探讨吸水材料的合成，结构，组成对吸水性能的影响。     

CPE/P(AA-MPEGMA)吸水膨胀弹性体吸水性能的研究

采用机械共混将氯化聚乙烯(CPE)与自制的吸水树脂丙烯酸-甲基丙烯酸单甲氧基聚乙二醇酯共聚物[P(AA-MPEGMA)]共混合成了CPE/P(AA-MPEGMA)吸水膨胀弹性体.讨论了影响共混物吸水性能的因素.结果表明共混物吸水速度很快,在吸水25 min时即达到平衡,随吸水树脂量增加,其吸水率增大.考察吸水温度的影响时发现,温度低于20℃时,随吸水温度增加,共混物平衡吸水率随之增大,但温度超过20℃随温度增加,平衡吸水率反而减小,形成温敏性的水膨胀弹性体.共混物在各种电解质溶液中的吸水率只随盐的正离子价态的升高而降低,而与负离子的半径及价态无关,pH值对共混物吸水率也有较大的影响.     

表面改性对织物湿传递性能影响

将实验用织物进行了亲水性和拒水性整理，使用织物微气候仪，利用汽态湿传递和液态湿传递方法研究了织物热湿传递性能。实验结果表明，无论经过亲水性整理或拒水性整理，织物的水汽湿传递性能均无明显变化，而织物液态湿传递性能却发生了显著变化。在织物液态湿传递过程中，影响其传递性能的主要因素是织物的毛细吸水效应。     

辐射法合成超强吸水剂凝胶

研究了用γ－射线引发反相悬浮聚合法制备超强吸水凝胶的工艺条件。讨论了辐射剂量，剂量率，单体浓度，单体中和度，交联剂等不同反应条件对聚合物吸水性能的影响；通过对辐射交联溶胶分数和辐射剂量之间的关联，计算了辐射凝胶剂量与辐射产额。研究结果表明，辐射交联网络的精细结构及其固定电荷的浓度是吸水剂凝胶吸水的主要原因。     

石榴树吸水根根系空间分布特征

笔对太行山低山丘陵区石榴树吸水根根系空间分布特征进行研究，结果表明：在垂直方向上，石榴吸水根根量主要集中于0～80cm土层内，约占总量91．32％，80cm土层以下仅约为总量的8．68％o左右，根长密度随土层深度的变化．呈负指数函数分布；在水平方向上，主要分布为距果树行带0～100cm范围内，石榴吸水根根量约占总量的76．07％，而距果树行带1.0～250cm时其只占总量的23．93％。     

5种禾本科草坪草种子的吸水特性

探寻禾本科草坪草种子动态吸水规律,以5种常见禾本科草坪草种子为材料进行吸水试验,并对其进行动态回归与相关性进行分析。结果表明:禾本科草坪草种子吸水量和吸水率随吸水时间延长而增加;单位时间内吸水量表现为前9 h变化幅度较大,平均增加幅度都在18.09%以上,9 h后增加幅度较小,都在9.36%以下;单位时间内吸水率增加幅度随时间延长呈现先升后降的变化趋势,0～9 h时间内增加幅度较大,平均增加幅度都在16.13%以上,9 h之后增加幅度降低在10.23%以下。高羊茅、匍匐剪股颖、草地早熟禾、无芒雀麦种子吸水率随吸水时间的回归模型为三次函数,多年生黑麦草的为对数函数,其相关性都达到极显著水平(P0.01)。禾本科草坪草种子不同时间段的吸水量、吸水率均达极显著正相关(P0.01),随时间延长相关性逐渐增大,但吸水量与吸水率间均未达显著相关(P0.05)。变异分析表明,吸水量的变异系数以吸水4 h为最大(15.23%),而吸水率变异系数以吸水9 h为最大(14.88%)。因此,吸水4 h时的吸水量和吸水9 h时的吸水率可分别衡量禾本科草坪草种子吸水量和吸水率的基因型差异。     

页岩储层渗吸特性的实验研究

页岩含有大量黏土矿物,遇水会导致页岩中黏土矿物水化、膨胀,为研究页岩吸水特性及探究页岩气井返排率的影响因素。开展了页岩动态渗吸及静态渗吸实验;并对实验结果进行了详细的分析。研究表明:页岩水化作用主要发生在页岩与水或水基溶液接触的表层附近,液体侵入深度十分有限;不同的液体介质下页岩的吸水能力各不相同;页岩吸水量由表面水化吸水量、渗透水化吸水量和毛管吸水量组成,而且水化吸水量基本无法排出,在一定程度上降低了页岩气井压裂液的返排率;相同的成藏条件下页岩的渗透水化吸水量及表面水化吸水量相同;页岩水化能力及压裂效果是影响返排率的主控因素。     

羧甲基纤维素-丙烯酰胺吸水性树脂的制备及性能研究

采用氧化还原引发体系,以羧甲基纤维素和丙烯酰胺为原料,接枝共聚制得吸水树脂.研究了单体比、引发剂用量、交联剂用量、NaOH用量、反应温度等因素对树脂吸水性能的影响.当反应温度40℃,时间3 h,丙烯酰胺与羧甲基纤维素的质量比为8:1,引发剂和交联剂用量分别为单体质量的2%和0.4%,NaOH用量1.0 g时,可制得吸水倍率为513 g/g的吸水树脂.     

影响吸水聚合物的吸水能力的因素及其表征

简述了近年来有关吸水性聚合物的吸水处理，影响吸水能力的因素以及吸水聚合物吸水能力表征方法的进展。     

一种路面抑尘高倍吸水树脂的研制

以淀粉和丙烯酸为主要原料，在实验室合成了一种高倍吸水树脂，并对其抑制路面扬尘的性能进行了研究，得出结论：在高含尘路面喷洒这种高倍吸水树脂溶胶，能保持尘土有一定的含水量和粘结性，从而能有效地抑制粉尘飞扬；由于该树脂吸水保水性能好，因此其有效抑尘时间长。     

PTT经编弹力泳装面料弹性的研究

为了解新型聚酯纤维PTT(聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯)经编弹力泳装面料的弹性,用PTT纤维织制的经编弹力泳装面料,与锦纶(PA)和涤纶(PET)织制的经编弹力泳装面料进行对比研究.实测了它们15N和5次及25N和9次定负荷的拉伸性能,比较了它们的弹性回复率、塑性变形率和拉伸弹性伸长率;为进一步寻找3种面料的弹性回复率变化规律,列出了它们弹性回复率的回归方程式.结果显示,PTT经编弹力泳装面料断裂强力较小、伸长率较大,具有优异的弹力回复性,是制作泳装的理想面料.     

Effect Factors on Measurement Precision of the Embedded Temperature Sensing Fabric

The embedded temperature sensing fabric was designed and woven according to the heat transmission model of the fabric.The temperature sensors were embedded into the multi-layered fabric that weft yarns were high-shrinkage polyester filaments.And the fabric was treated by a self-designed partial heat device,which can make the sensor be fixed in the fabric.The effects of yarn type,yarn linear density,fabric warp density,fabric structure,fabric layer numbers where the sensor is located,and the ambient temperature on the temperature measured value were investigated.The results demonstrated that when the higher thermal conductivity of yarns and lower density yarns were applied in the fabric as rawmaterials,they were favored to improve the measurement precision.Meanwhile,there were many factors that could make the measured values closer to the real value of the body,such as the plain fabric,the increased warp density of the fabric,the multiple-layer fabric where the sensor was located,the raised ambient testing temperature and the prolonged test time in the certain range.     

Investigation in Longitudinal Compression of Wool Based Suiting Fabrics

This paper describes an investigation in the fabric longi-tudinal compressibility of thirty-one suiting and trouse-ring materials using a newly developed device attached to the advanced Instron extensometer Model4466.The at-tachment was designed mainly to ensure a correct align-meat of fabric plane at the start of compression.Usingthe newly developed testing method,fabric longitudinalcompression curve was obtained and the results of longi-tudinal compressibility measured by two different com-pression load ranges(from 0 to 0.5 N/m width and 0 to1 N/m width)were examined.In addition,their rela-tionships with the fabric low-stress mechanical proper-ties measured by the KES-F system were investigatedusing statistical analysis.The results clearly indicatedthat significant differences existed when substituting fab-ric longitudinal compressibility with fabric extensibilitymeasured using the KES-F system under a low-load.Significant infiuence of yarn rotational movement in fab-ric on the longitudinal compressibi     

提高烧结焊剂抗吸潮性的研究

通过对烧结焊剂用粘结剂的研究，从粘结剂的作用和焊剂微观结构等方面，论述了改良粘结剂和焊剂颗粒表面状态的可行性，利用锂水玻璃、钠水玻璃、钾钠水玻璃及轻质氧化镁进行正交试验，分别得到了它们的加入量对吸潮度的影响趋势及最佳混合比；使用最佳混合比的水玻璃制成的焊剂的吸潮度仅为常用方法制成焊剂的１／７，证明锂水玻璃在其它水玻璃保证焊剂颗粒强度的条件下，可以更好地发挥其抗吸潮的优点．同时在试验中得到，只有焊剂在烧结点烧结后才具有最低吸潮度。     

THE EFFECT OF, ABRASION ON LOW STRESS MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF FABRIC

The low stress mechanical properties of a pure wool and a wool / polyester blend twill fab-rics which were abraded at various abrasion cycles were measured using the KES-F system andthe Instron tensile machine. The surface change of fabrics before and after abrasion was stu-died by means of scanning electron microscope. With the increasing number of cycles, the re-covery behavior of the fabrics studied in tensile, shear and bending deformation decrease, theantibuckling ability lowers, the friction coefficient increases. The geometric roughness de-creases during the first step of abrasion then enhances with further abrasion. The influence ofabrasion on mechanical properties of the pure wool fabric are larger than that of blend fabric.     

Assessing Texture of Slub-Yarn Fabric Using Image Analysis

The application of digital image processing to the classification of the slub-yarn texture is discussed. Texture of the slub-yarn fabric is analyzed by using the texture analysis techniques. The influence of the slub-yarn parameters on the fabric texture is discussed. Results indicate that texture of the slub-yarn fabric can be reliably measured using gray level co-occurrence matrix （GLCM） analysis. The four indices of GLCM, the angular second moment, the contrast, the inverse difference moment and the correlation, are sensitive to the change of the slub-yarn parameters, and can be regarded as the major indices for the texture.     

Coolmax织物导湿性能研究

对Coolmax织物的导湿性能进行研究，设计了10种织物试样，分别测试它们的吸湿排汗能力、透湿率、带液率、干燥速率，讨论了同组织结构不同Coolmax含量及紧度对织物导湿性能的影响。     

超微粉抗鸡热应激中草药添加剂的吸湿性研究

目的:探讨超微粉抗鸡热应激中草药添加剂的吸湿性。方法:在25℃、相对湿度为25%条件下,比较添加剂超微粉和粗粉的吸湿速度和吸湿百分率;测定添加剂超微粉和粗粉的临界相对湿度;以温度和相对湿度为研究因素,以吸湿百分率为指标,采用正交试验选择超微粉添加剂的适宜储存条件。结果:添加剂超微粉的吸湿百分率明显高于粗粉。添加剂超微粉和粗粉的临界相对湿度分别为70%和78%。与敞口存放比较,添加剂超微粉密封后吸湿百分率显著降低,其适宜储存条件为10℃、相对湿度为75%以下。结论:添加剂超微化会引起吸湿性变化,加工制备和储存时要控制环境条件。     

Preparation of Phase Change Microcapsule and Its Plication in Textiles

Phase change microcapsules(PCMs)are prepared with n-hexadecane and n-octadecane as core material,and melamine-formaldehyde resin is used as shell material by in-situ polymerization.Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)was used to analyze the phase change properties.Thermal conductivity and maximum heat flux of cotton fabric finished with PCMs before and after being washed were also measured.It has been found that melting and crystal enthalpy of the PCMs decrease with decreasing the core/shell ratio,while q...     

基于导电织物的柔性可拉伸天线设计

基于柔性导电织物设计一种工作于2.45 GHz的柔性可拉伸天线, 并研究不同拉伸应变对柔性织物天线性能的影响规律及辐射特性. 仿真及实测结果表明, 在中心频率2.45 GHz处, 回波损耗的仿真与实测值分别为-40，-26 dB, 仿真与实测增益方向图在中心频率处一致性良好.